French alphabet: Difference between revisions

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This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

The French alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet. It uses the standard 26 letters. The words in the column "Letter name in French" are sometimes used when discussing the letters (compare English words such as "aich").

Letter names

Letter	Letter name
Letter	Pronunciation	Spelling
A	/ɑ/	a
B	/be/	bé
C	/se/	cé
D	/de/	dé
E	/ə/	e
F	/ɛf/	effe
G	/ʒe/	gé
H	/aʃ/	hache
I	/i/	i
J	/ʒi/	ji
K	/ka/	ka
L	/ɛl/	elle
M	/ɛm/	emme
N	/ɛn/	enne
O	/o/	o
P	/pe/	pé
Q	/ky/	ku
R	/ɛʁ/	erre
S	/ɛs/	esse
T	/te/	té
U	/y/	u
V	/ve/	vé
W	/dublɛ ve/	double vé
X	/iks/	ixe
Y	/igʁɛk/	i grec
Z	/zɛd/	zède

La nouvelle épellation

In la nouvelle épellation system, the consonant letters were read as follows: be, ke, de, fe, gue, he, je, ke, le, me, ne, pe, ke, re, se, te, ve, we, kse, ze. Though more phonetically based than the traditional system, it never took hold.^[1]

Ligatures

Special ligatures exist for some words:

œ (œil, fœtus, bœuf...)
æ (et cætera, tænia, ex æquo...)

Notes

'W' and 'K' are rarely used except in loan words or regional words, 'ou' is used to represent the /w/ sound; while 'Q' appears more frequently than in English.
vowels are A, E, I, O, U,Y, sometimes h;
semi-vowels are Y, rarely W (except regionally, for instance in Belgium);
usual diacritic marks are acute ( ´ ), grave ( ` ), circumflex ( ˆ ), diaeresis (called tréma in French) ( ¨ ), and the cedilla ( ¸ ). The only possible combinations are: à â ç é è ê ë î ï ô û ù ü ÿ. Diacritics have no impact on the primary alphabetical order.
the tilde diacritical mark ( ˜ ), used only above n, is occasionally used with the French alphabet, for well-known proper names of Spanish origin that have been incorporated in the language (El Niño, ...). Like the other diacritics, the tilde has no impact on the primary alphabetical order.
Diacritics are not required on capital letters, however they tend to be used more often now than in the past. In Quebec French, however, diacritics on capital letters are never omitted.

References

^ Grevisse, Maurice (1980). Le Bon Usage: Grammaire française avec des Remarques sur la langue française d'aujourd'hui (11th ed. ed.). Paris-Gembloux: Duculot. ISBN 2-8011-0242-3. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help)

External links

Recording of 3 different voices pronouncing the French alphabet

[1] Grevisse, Maurice (1980). Le Bon Usage: Grammaire française avec des Remarques sur la langue française d'aujourd'hui (11th ed. ed.). Paris-Gembloux: Duculot. ISBN 2-8011-0242-3. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help)

[1]

@@ Line 73: / Line 73: @@
 ==Notes==
 * 'W' and 'K' are rarely used except in [[loan words]] or regional words, 'ou' is used to represent the /w/ sound; while 'Q' appears more frequently than in English.
-* vowels are A, E, I, O, U, sometimes Y;
+* vowels are A, E, I, O, U,Y, sometimes h;
 * semi-vowels are Y, rarely W (except regionally, for instance in [[Belgian French|Belgium]]);
 * usual [[diacritic marks]] are [[acute accent|acute]] ( ´ ), [[grave accent|grave]] ( ` ), [[circumflex]] ( ˆ ), [[diaeresis]] (called ''tréma'' in [[French language|French]]) ( ¨ ), and the [[cedilla]] ( ¸ ). The only possible combinations are: à â ç é è ê ë î ï ô û ù ü ÿ. Diacritics have no impact on the primary alphabetical order.