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Coordinates: 54°25′N 16°25′E / 54.417°N 16.417°E / 54.417; 16.417
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==History==
==History==
Already in the 11th century a fortified place named Dirlow existed at the Baltic Sea, some kilometers away from the place where later on the German town of ''Rügenwalde'' was founded. On the Ptolomeic cahrt also a settlement called ''Rugium'' is listed in the vicinity (at the river Grabow). The German town of Rügenwalde was first founded in 1270 by Duke Wizlaw IVth of the isle of Rügen. Few decades thereafter the town was destoyed. Rügenwalde received its second city charter in 1312 under the [[Lübeck law]]. (The town's German name ''Rügenwalde'' was used until 1945.) Later, after a short rule by Brandenburg, the town passed in 1347 to the duke [[Bogislaw V, Duke of Pomerania|Bogislaw V]] from the [[House of Pomerania]] dynasty, son-in-law of king [[Casimir III of Poland]]. In 1352 the construction of the castle began, and cooperation with [[Hansa]] was initiated, with the town becoming a full member in 1412. In 1382 [[Eric of Pomerania]], later the king of Norway, Denmark and Sweden, was born in the town. After losing his thrones, he returned to his birthplace and began to expand his duchy and was buried at the St. Mary Church after his death in 1459. Another significant ruler was [[Bogislaw X, Duke of Pomerania|Bogislaw X]] (1454-1523).
Already in the 11th century a fortified place named Dirlow existed at the Baltic Sea, some kilometers away from the place where later on the German town of ''Rügenwalde'' was founded. On the Ptolomeic chart also a settlement called ''Rugium'' is listed in the vicinity (at the river Grabow). The German town of Rügenwalde was first founded in 1270 by Duke Wizlaw IVth of the isle of Rügen. Few decades thereafter the town was destoyed. Rügenwalde received its second city charter in 1312 under the [[Lübeck law]]. (The town's German name ''Rügenwalde'' was used until 1945.) Later, after a short rule by Brandenburg, the town passed in 1347 to the duke [[Bogislaw V, Duke of Pomerania|Bogislaw V]] from the [[House of Pomerania]] dynasty, son-in-law of king [[Casimir III of Poland]]. In 1352 the construction of the castle began, and cooperation with [[Hansa]] was initiated, with the town becoming a full member in 1412. In 1382 [[Eric of Pomerania]], later the king of Norway, Denmark and Sweden, was born in the town. After losing his thrones, he returned to his birthplace and began to expand his duchy and was buried at the St. Mary Church after his death in 1459. Another significant ruler was [[Bogislaw X, Duke of Pomerania|Bogislaw X]] (1454-1523).


In 1497 and 1552 the habour of Rügenwalde, Rügenwaldermünde, and part of Rügenwalde were hit by great storms, which threw ships into the city center. In 1589, 1624, 1648, 1679 and 1722 fires damaged the town. The first lighthouse was built around the year 1715.
In 1497 and 1552 the habour of Rügenwalde, Rügenwaldermünde, and part of Rügenwalde were hit by great storms, which threw ships into the city center. In 1589, 1624, 1648, 1679 and 1722 fires damaged the town. The first lighthouse was built around the year 1715.

Revision as of 14:23, 29 November 2008

Darłowo
Coat of arms of Darłowo
Coat of arms
Country Poland
VoivodeshipWest Pomeranian
CountySławno
GminaDarłowo (urban gmina)
Area
 • Total19.93 km2 (7.70 sq mi)
Highest elevation
5 m (16 ft)
Lowest elevation
1 m (3 ft)
Population
 (2006)
 • Total14,380
 • Density720/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
Postal code
76-150 and 76-153
Websitehttp://www.darlowo.pl/

Darłowo [Polish pronunciation: [d] Audio file "r" not found] (in full The Royal City of Darłowo: Polish: Królewskie Miasto Darłowo, German: Rügenwalde) is a town at the south coast of the Baltic Sea in Middle Pomerania, north-western Poland with 14,931 inhabitants (2006). Located in Sławno County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1999, it was previously a town in Koszalin Voivodeship (1950–1998).

History

Already in the 11th century a fortified place named Dirlow existed at the Baltic Sea, some kilometers away from the place where later on the German town of Rügenwalde was founded. On the Ptolomeic chart also a settlement called Rugium is listed in the vicinity (at the river Grabow). The German town of Rügenwalde was first founded in 1270 by Duke Wizlaw IVth of the isle of Rügen. Few decades thereafter the town was destoyed. Rügenwalde received its second city charter in 1312 under the Lübeck law. (The town's German name Rügenwalde was used until 1945.) Later, after a short rule by Brandenburg, the town passed in 1347 to the duke Bogislaw V from the House of Pomerania dynasty, son-in-law of king Casimir III of Poland. In 1352 the construction of the castle began, and cooperation with Hansa was initiated, with the town becoming a full member in 1412. In 1382 Eric of Pomerania, later the king of Norway, Denmark and Sweden, was born in the town. After losing his thrones, he returned to his birthplace and began to expand his duchy and was buried at the St. Mary Church after his death in 1459. Another significant ruler was Bogislaw X (1454-1523).

In 1497 and 1552 the habour of Rügenwalde, Rügenwaldermünde, and part of Rügenwalde were hit by great storms, which threw ships into the city center. In 1589, 1624, 1648, 1679 and 1722 fires damaged the town. The first lighthouse was built around the year 1715.

After the death of the last Pomeranian Duke Bogislaw XIV in 1637 Brandenburg-Prussia inheritet parts of Pomerania, including Rügenwalde. The harbour of Rügenwaldermünde was destroyed during the 30 Years War by troops of the Kaiser in Vienna, and was reconstructed by order of King Frederick II of Prussia not before 1772. During the Napoleonic Wars its inhabitants found employment smuggling British goods to the continent. In 1871 the town, along with Prussia, became a part of unified German Empire and was connected to the railway - line in 1878. 289 inhabitants died throughout World War I.

In last democratic elections March 5 1933 58.13% (Germany 44%) valid votes for NSDAP (data for the county) .

Before the outbreak of World War I the town had about 6,000 inhabitants, before the outbreak of World War II about 8000. During World War II an important firing range operated near the town, on which some of the largest guns in history were tested: Schwerer Gustav and Mörser Karl. Adolf Hitler came to the town a number of times to observe these tests. In early 1945 5 556 individuals were evacuated by ships throughout the Operation Hannibal before Soviet Troops reached the town on March 7, 1945.

Prior to World War II the population of the town was entirely German. After World War II, contrary to the decisions of the Potsdam Conference concerning "ethnical cleansings", the completely German population was expelled in 1946/47 and the town was put under Polish administration. Initially it was given the Polish name Dyrłów, and later Darłów, before changing to the current name.

Trivia

The German name Rügenwalde was best known in Germany for the production of the Rügenwalder Teewurst in the town; after World War II the production was restarted in West Germany under the old name.

Population

1782: 2 255
1812: 3 136
1852: 5 060
1875: 5 174
1890: 5 296 (including 27 Catholics, 102 Jews)
1910: 5 978
1939: 8 392 [1]

1960: 9 200
1970: 11 300
1975: 12 900
1980: 13 400
2000: 15 600

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Darłowo.

54°25′N 16°25′E / 54.417°N 16.417°E / 54.417; 16.417


  1. ^ Carlheinz Rosenow: Aus der Heimat Rügenwalde (Kreis Schlawe - Pommern) - Jahrbuch 1987. Glücksstadt 1987 (German)
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