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Ferdinand Blumentritt (born September 10, 1853 in Prague, Czech Republic; died September 20, 1913 in Litoměřice, Czech Republic) was a Sudeten German teacher and secondary school principal in Litoměřice (Leitmeritz), Czech Republic (in former Austro-Hungarian Empire), and author of several books on the Philippines and its ethnography. He is well-known in the Philippines for his close friendship with the country's national hero, Jose Rizal, and the numerous correspondence between the two provide a vital reference for Rizal historians and scholars.

Blumentritt wrote about the Philippines of his day, although he never visited the islands. He was a close confidant of Rizal's and translated the latter's first book, Noli me Tangere, into German. He wrote the preface to Rizal's second novel, El filibusterismo, although he was against its publication. These two novels are commentaries disguised as fiction which angered both the Catholic Church and the Spanish colonial government, and which eventually led to Rizal's 1896 trial and execution.

Blumentritt is memorialized in the Philippines by numerous public parks and streets. Among them are Blumentritt Street, the Blumentritt LRT Station, the Blumentritt railway station, and the Blumentritt Market, all of which are located in Metro Manila.

Main works

Alphabetisches Register der Reifeprüfungsvorschriften. Leitmeritz (Czech: Litoměřice), 1909
Alphabetisches Verzeichnis der gebräuchlichsten Aquarellfarben. Leitmeritz (Czech: Litoměřice), 1910
America and the Philippines (1900)
Die Chinesen auf den Philippinen. Leitmeritz (Czech: Litoměřice), 1879
Diccionario mitologico de Filipinas. Madrid, 1895
Einige Manuskripte aus dem 17. und 18. Jahrhundert. Leitmeritz (Czech: Litoměřice), 1904
Einiges über Juan Valera. Leitmeritz (Czech: Litoměřice), 1894
El noli me tangere de Rizal. Barcelona, 1889
Die Erdbeben des Juli 1880 auf den Philippinen
Die Goldfundstellen auf den Philippinen und ihre Ausbeutung
Holländische Angriffe auf die Philippinen im 16., 17., und 18. Jahrhundert. Leitmeritz (Czech: Litoměřice), 1880
Das Kaiserbild. Leitmeritz (Czech: Litoměřice), 1899
J. C. Labhart-Lutz. Ein Nachruf. Leitmeritz (Czech: Litoměřice), 1889
Die Philippinen. Eine übersichtliche Darstellung der ethnographischen und historischpolitischen Verhältnisse des Archipels. Hamburg, 1900
Die Sprachgebiete Europas am Ausgange des Mittelalters, verglichen mit den Zuständen der Gegenwart. Prag (Czech: Praha), 1883
Strömungen und Gezeiten an der Küste von Mindanao.
Der "Tratado Anonimo" über den Aufstand der Cumuneros gegen König Carl V. Leitmeritz (Czech: Litoměřice), 1878
Versuch einer Ethnographie der Philippinen. Gotha, 1882
Vocabular einzelner Ausdrücke und Redensarten, welche dem Spanischen der philippinischen Inseln eigenthümlich sind. Leitmeritz (Czech: Litoměřice), 1882, 1883-1884|8, 1885|5.

Literature

Jindřich Tomas: Jose Rizal, Ferdinand Blumentritt and the Philippines in the New Age. The City of Litomerice: Czech. Publishing House Oswald Praha, 1998.
The Dapitan Correspondence of Dr.Jose Rizal and Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt. Compiled by Romeo G. Jalosjos. The City Government Dapitan City: Philippines, 2007. ISBN 978-971-93553.
Harry Sichrovsky: Der Revolutionär von Leitmeritz. Ferdinand Blumentritt und der philippinische Freiheitskampf . Wien: Österr. Bundesverl., 1983 . ISBN 3-215-04989-9
Harry Sichrovsky: Harry Sichrovsky: Ferdinand Blumentritt: An Austrian Life for the Philippines. Manila, 1987.
Lea Blumentritt-Virághalmy, Egy szudétanémet nagypolgár európai és délkelet-ázsiai kapcsolathálója. Szentendre, 1999) /Resume/
Lea-Katharina Steller (née Blumentritt-Virághalmy): Ferdinand Blumentritt /1853-1913/. In: Series of the Collections for Research into Sudeten German Minority. I.. Szentendre, 2006. Szentendre, 2006.
Lea-Katharina Steller (née Blumentritt-Virághalmy), Ferdinand Blumentritt In: Unitas, a scholarly publication of the University of Santo Tomas. Ed. I. C. Abaño OP. Manila, 2006/Dezember.

External links

Rizal-Blumentritt Friendship maintained by the University of Vienna

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-'''Ferdinand Blumentritt''' (born September 10, 1853 in [[Prague]], [[Czech Republic]]; died September 20, 1913 in [[Litoměřice]], [[Czech Republic]]) was an [[Austrian]] teacher, a [[Gymnasium (school)|secondary school]] principal in [[Litoměřice]] (Leitmeritz),  [[Czech Republic]] in former [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian Empire]], and author of several books on the [[Philippines]] and its ethnography. He is well-known in the Philippines for his close friendship with the country's national hero, [[Jose Rizal]], and the numerous correspondence between the two provide a vital reference for Rizal historians and scholars.
+'''Ferdinand Blumentritt''' (born September 10, 1853 in [[Prague]], [[Czech Republic]]; died September 20, 1913 in [[Litoměřice]], [[Czech Republic]]) was a [[Sudeten German]] teacher and [[Gymnasium (school)|secondary school]] principal in [[Litoměřice]] (Leitmeritz),  [[Czech Republic]] (in former [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian Empire]]), and author of several books on the [[Philippines]] and its ethnography. He is well-known in the Philippines for his close friendship with the country's national hero, [[Jose Rizal]], and the numerous correspondence between the two provide a vital reference for Rizal historians and scholars.
 Blumentritt wrote about the Philippines of his day, although he never visited the islands. He was a close confidant of Rizal's and translated the latter's first book, ''[[Noli me Tangere]]'', into German. He wrote the preface to Rizal's second novel, ''[[El filibusterismo]]'', although he was against its publication. These two novels are commentaries disguised as fiction which angered both the Catholic Church and the Spanish colonial government, and which eventually led to Rizal's 1896 trial and execution.