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Revision as of 08:45, 17 September 2009
- This article is about the flower. For the J. League team, see Mito Hollyhock
| Hollyhock | |
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| Alcea setosa | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| (unranked): | |
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| Genus: | Alcea
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| Species | |
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See text. | |
The hollyhocks comprise about 60 species of flowering plants in the genus Alcea (Ál-ce-a) in the mallow family Malvaceae, native to southwest and central Asia. They are biennial or short-lived perennial plants growing to 3.5 m tall, with broad, rounded, palmately lobed leaves and numerous flowers, pink or yellow in the wild species, on the erect central stem.
Alcea species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Bucculatrix quadrigemina and the Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui).
Species
About 60 species, including:
- Alcea biennis
- Alcea ficifolia - Antwerp Hollyhock
- Alcea heldreichii
- Alcea lavateriflora
- Alcea pallida
- Alcea rosea - Common Hollyhock
- Alcea rugosa
- Alcea setosa - Bristly Hollyhock
- Alcea striata
- Alcea sulphurea
Uses
Hollyhocks are popular garden ornamental plants, cultivars selected, particularly from A. rosea. The flowers have been selected for variations in colour, with dark purple, red and white-flowered plants available in addition to the colours found in wild plants.
Hollyhocks are very drought resistant, and do well in full sun locations that might be too hot or dry for other plants. They produce large, flat coin-shaped seeds (1/2" diameter) that seem to grow easily wherever they drop. While an individual plant might only live a handful of years, by that time chances are good it will leave plenty of descendants. They have very long taproots which make transplanting difficult.
Culture
Remains of hollyhocks have been found in a Neanderthal burial site at Shanidar.
The flower was incorporated into the official seal of the Tokugawa Shogunate in Japan, and through this influence has maintained importance in modern Japanese culture. For example, it has become the name and symbol of a professional soccer club located in a city formerly led by the Tokugawa family. In addition, in the Japanese graphic novels Lone Wolf and Cub the seal is worn by Ogami Itto, the protagonist of the series, whilst he is in service to the shogun.
External links
