Apperception: Difference between revisions
m Reverted edits by 174.3.99.176 to last revision by Tide rolls (HG) |
|||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
In [[psychology]], apperception is "the process by which new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum of past experience of an individual to form a new whole."<ref name="Dagobert D 1972" /> In short, it is to perceive new experience in relation to past experience. |
In [[psychology]], apperception is "the process by which new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum of past experience of an individual to form a new whole."<ref name="Dagobert D 1972" /> In short, it is to perceive new experience in relation to past experience. |
||
<blockquote>'''Example 1:''' We see a fire (visual perception). By ''apperception'' we correlate the appearance of fire with past experiences of being burned. Having combined present and past experience we realize this is a situation in which we should avoid placing our hand in the fire and being burned.<ref>From a discussion of apperception by William James, "Talks to Teachers," Chapter 14</ref> </blockquote> |
|||
<blockquote>'''Example 2:''' A rich child and a poor child walking together come across the same ten dollar bill on the sidewalk. The rich child says it is not very much money and the poor child says it is a lot of money. The difference lies in how they ''apperceive'' the same event -- the lens of past experience through which they see and value (or devalue) the money.<ref>''The Evolution of Perception and the Cosmology of Substance'' by Christopher Ott, 2004.</ref> </blockquote> |
|||
==Meaning in philosophy (Kant)== |
==Meaning in philosophy (Kant)== |
||
Revision as of 02:37, 3 March 2010
Apperception [from the Latin, ad-: to, toward, or to go near + percipere: to perceive, gain, secure, learn, or feel] is a term that can describe various aspects of perception and consciousness in such fields as psychology, philosophy and epistemology.
Meaning in psychology
In psychology, apperception is "the process by which new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum of past experience of an individual to form a new whole."[1] In short, it is to perceive new experience in relation to past experience.
Example 1: We see a fire (visual perception). By apperception we correlate the appearance of fire with past experiences of being burned. Having combined present and past experience we realize this is a situation in which we should avoid placing our hand in the fire and being burned.[2]
Example 2: A rich child and a poor child walking together come across the same ten dollar bill on the sidewalk. The rich child says it is not very much money and the poor child says it is a lot of money. The difference lies in how they apperceive the same event -- the lens of past experience through which they see and value (or devalue) the money.[3]
Meaning in philosophy (Kant)
In philosophy, Immanuel Kant distinguished transcendental apperception from empirical apperception. The first is "the pure, original, unchangeable consciousness that is the necessary condition of experience and the ultimate foundation of the unity of experience." The second is "the consciousness of the concrete actual self with its changing states", the so-called "inner sense." (Otto F. Kraushaar in Runes[1]). See Kantianism.
Meaning in epistemology
In epistemology, apperception is "the introspective or reflective apprehension by the mind of its own inner states."[1]
See also
References
Further reading
- Yao, Zhihua (2005). The Buddhist Theory of Self-Cognition. (Routledge Critical Studies in Buddhism) (Hardcover). Routledge. ISBN 978-0415344319
- Runes, Dagobert D. (ed.), Dictionary of Philosophy, Littlefield, Adams, and Company, Totowa, NJ, 1972.