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Gilels was one of the first Soviet artists, along with [[David Oistrakh]], allowed to travel and concertize in the [[Western world|West]]. His delayed [[United States|American]] debut in 1955 playing [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]]'s [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Tchaikovsky)|Piano Concerto No. 1]] in [[Philadelphia]] with [[Eugene Ormandy]] was a great success. His British debut in 1959 met with similar acclaim.
Gilels was one of the first Soviet artists, along with [[David Oistrakh]], allowed to travel and concertize in the [[Western world|West]]. His delayed [[United States|American]] debut in 1955 playing [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]]'s [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Tchaikovsky)|Piano Concerto No. 1]] in [[Philadelphia]] with [[Eugene Ormandy]] was a great success. His British debut in 1959 met with similar acclaim.


In 1952, he became a professor at the [[Moscow Conservatory]], where his students included [[Valery Afanassiev]][http://einam.com/pages/russian.htm] and Felix Gottlieb[http://www.felixgottlieb.com/eng/bio.htm]. As chair of the jury of the [[International Tchaikovsky Competition]] at the sensational inaugural event in 1958, he awarded first prize to [[Van Cliburn]]. He presided over the competition for many years.
In 1952, he became a professor at the [[Moscow Conservatory]], where his students included [[Valery Afanassiev]][http://einam.com/pages/russian.htm] and [[Felix Gottlieb]][http://www.felixgottlieb.com/eng/bio.htm]. As chair of the jury of the [[International Tchaikovsky Competition]] at the sensational inaugural event in 1958, he awarded first prize to [[Van Cliburn]]. He presided over the competition for many years.


In the 1960s, Gilels learned that the children of his older brother, Alexof were living in the United States.{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}} These included Victor, Elliott, and Lionel who lived in Florida and Laberta and Jerome who lived in Texas. Another daughter, Georganne, lived in Canada and was a member of the Canadian Conservative government.
In the 1960s, Gilels learned that the children of his older brother, Alexof were living in the United States.{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}} These included Victor, Elliott, and Lionel who lived in Florida and Laberta and Jerome who lived in Texas. Another daughter, Georganne, lived in Canada and was a member of the Canadian Conservative government.

Revision as of 10:06, 9 June 2010

Emil Gilels

Emil Grigoryevich Gilels (Ukrainian: Емі́ль Григо́рович Гі́лельс, Russian: Эми́ль Григо́рьевич Ги́лельс, Emi'li Grego'rievič Gi'lelis; October 19, 1916 – October 14, 1985) was a Soviet pianist, widely considered one of the greatest pianists of the 20th century. His last name is sometimes transliterated Hilels.[1][2]

Biography

Gilels was born in Odessa (now part of Ukraine) to a musical family [3]. He began studying the piano at the age of five[4] under Yakov Tkach, who was a student of the French pianists Raoul Pugno[5] and Alexander Villoing[4] Thus, through Tkach, Gilels had a pedagogical genealogy stretching back to Frédéric Chopin, via Pugno, and to Muzio Clementi, via Villoing. Tkach was a stern disciplinarian who emphasized scales and studies. Gilels later credited this strict training for establishing the foundation of his technique.[4]

Gilels made his public debut at the age of 12 in June 1929 with a well-received program of Beethoven, Scarlatti, Chopin, and Schumann.[4] In 1930, Gilels entered the Odessa Conservatory where he was coached by Berta Reingbald, whom Gilels credited as a formative influence. Also in Odessa Conservatory Gilels studied special harmony and polyphony with professor Mykola Vilinsky[6].

After graduating from the Odessa Conservatory (Ukraine) in 1935, he moved to Moscow where he studied under Heinrich Neuhaus until 1937. Neuhaus was a student of Aleksander Michałowski, who had studied with Carl Mikuli, Chopin's student, assistant and editor.

A year later he was awarded first prize at the 1938 Ysaÿe International Festival in Brussels by a distinguished jury whose members included Arthur Rubinstein, Samuil Feinberg, Emil von Sauer, Ignaz Friedman, Walter Gieseking, Robert Casadesus, and Arthur Bliss.[7] His winning performances were of both volumes of the Brahms Paganini Variations, and the Liszt-Busoni Fantasie on Two Motives from Mozart's "Marriage of Figaro". The other competitors included Moura Lympany in second place, and Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli in seventh place.[8]

Following his triumph at Brussels, a scheduled American debut at the 1939 New York World's Fair was aborted because of the outbreak of the Second World War. During the War, Gilels entertained Soviet troops with morale-boosting open-air recitals on the frontline, of which film archive footage exists.[9] In 1945, he formed a chamber music trio with his brother-in-law, the violinist Leonid Kogan and the cellist Mstislav Rostropovich.

After the war, he toured the Soviet Bloc countries of Eastern Europe as a soloist. He also gave two-piano recitals with Yakov Flier, as well as concerts with his violinist sister, Elizaveta.

Gilels was one of the first Soviet artists, along with David Oistrakh, allowed to travel and concertize in the West. His delayed American debut in 1955 playing Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No. 1 in Philadelphia with Eugene Ormandy was a great success. His British debut in 1959 met with similar acclaim.

In 1952, he became a professor at the Moscow Conservatory, where his students included Valery Afanassiev[2] and Felix Gottlieb[3]. As chair of the jury of the International Tchaikovsky Competition at the sensational inaugural event in 1958, he awarded first prize to Van Cliburn. He presided over the competition for many years.

In the 1960s, Gilels learned that the children of his older brother, Alexof were living in the United States.[citation needed] These included Victor, Elliott, and Lionel who lived in Florida and Laberta and Jerome who lived in Texas. Another daughter, Georganne, lived in Canada and was a member of the Canadian Conservative government.

Gilels made his Salzburg Festival debut in 1969 with a piano recital of Weber, Prokofiev and Beethoven at the Mozarteum, followed by a performance of Beethoven's Third Piano Concerto with George Szell and the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra.

In 1981, he suffered a heart attack after a recital at the Concertgebouw in Amsterdam,[10] and suffered declining health thereafter. He died unexpectedly during a medical checkup in Moscow on 14 October 1985, only a few days before his 69th birthday. Sviatoslav Richter, who knew Gilels well and was a fellow-student in the class of Heinrich Neuhaus at the Moscow Conservatory, believed that Gilels was killed accidentally when an incompetent doctor at the Kremlin hospital inappropriately gave him an injection of a drug during a routine checkup.[11] However, Danish composer and writer Karl Aage Rasmussen, in his biography of Richter, denies this possibility and contends that it was just a false rumour.[12]

Notable repertoire and assessment

Gilels is universally admired for his superb technical control and burnished tone.[13]

He had an extensive repertoire, from baroque to late Romantic and 20th century classical composers. His interpretations of the central German-Austrian classics formed the core of his repertoire, in particular Beethoven, Brahms, and Schumann; but he was equally illuminative with Scarlatti and twentieth-century composers such as Debussy, Rachmaninoff, and Prokofiev. His Liszt was also first-class, and his recordings of the Hungarian Rhapsody No. 9 and the Sonata in B minor have acquired classic status in some circles.[14]

Gilels premiered Prokofiev's 8th Piano Sonata, dedicated to Mira Mendelssohn, on December 30, 1944, in the Great Hall of the Moscow Conservatory.[15]

He was in the midst of completing a recording cycle of Beethoven's piano sonatas for the German record company Deutsche Grammophon when he died. His recording of the "Hammerklavier" Sonata received a Gramophone Award in 1984.

Gilels recorded with his daughter Elena Gilels, including Mozart's double piano concerto with Karl Böhm and the Vienna Philharmonic and Schubert's Fantasie in F minor for piano duet. He also made some outstanding chamber recordings with violinist Leonid Kogan and legendary cellist Mstislav Rostropovich.

Prizes, awards and honors

Discography highlights

* live.

References

  1. ^ Johnson, Hewlett (1941). The Soviet Power; the Socialist Sixth of the World. New York: International Publishers. p. 214. OCLC 407142.
  2. ^ U.S.S.R. Speaks for Itself Volume Three: Democracy in Practice. London: Lawrence & Wishart. 1941. p. 46. OCLC 13487651.
  3. ^ Emil Gilels (Piano) - Short Biography
  4. ^ a b c d Mach, Elyse (1991). Great Contemporary Pianists Speak for Themselves. New York: Dover Publications. p. 120. ISBN 0486266958.
  5. ^ Gilels biography on Naxos.com
  6. ^ Emil Gilels performed virtuoso Ballade in Form of Variations by M. Vilinsky (see, L.A.Barenboim, Emil Gilels : tvorcheskiĭ portret artista. Moscow : Sov. kompozitor, 1990, p.55 [1])
  7. ^ Facsimile of Gilels's 1938 Ysaÿe Competition First Prize Certificate in: S. Khentova, Emil Gilels (unknown publisher, Moscow 1959).
  8. ^ "Queen Elisabeth Music Competition prize winners since 1937" (PDF). Retrieved 2007-11-10. Michelangeli and Lympany took 7th and 2nd place respectively.
  9. ^ "Emil Gilels Plays", Russian television documentary, VHS release on Japanese label IVC, cat. no. IVCV-64144
  10. ^ Gilels, Emil (Grigor'yevich)[dead link]
  11. ^ Richter, Sviatoslav (2001). Sviatoslav Richter: Notebooks and Conversations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 32. ISBN 0691074380. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ Karl Aage Rasmussen, "Sviatoslav Richter - Pianist", Northeastern University Press, 2010
  13. ^ "Emil Gilels", In Memory of Emil Gilels, 2007. Accessed June 3, 2007.
  14. ^ International Piano Quarterly, Winter 2001, Orpheus Publications Limited
  15. ^ "Piano Sonata No. 8 in B flat major, Op. 84". Prokofiev.org. Retrieved 2008-01-26.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emil_Gilels&oldid=366961789"