R. O. B. Manley: Difference between revisions
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==Thymol== |
==Thymol== |
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R.O.B Manley propagated the idea of using [[thymol]] in syrup intended for winter feeding in order to prevent fermentation and the growth of mould. Manley's thymol recipe has also proven useful in controlling [[Varroa mite]]s{{ |
R.O.B Manley propagated the idea of using [[thymol]] in syrup intended for winter feeding in order to prevent fermentation and the growth of mould. Manley's thymol recipe has also proven useful in controlling [[Varroa mite]]s<ref>{{Cite web|http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4780034.stm|title=Almond farmers seek healthy bees|publisher=BBC News Website|author=Mark Ward}}</ref>. |
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Manley's recipe has become a standard and even if the requirement is for a stronger solution, this is often specified as '3x Manley strength' or '4x Manley strength'<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dave-cushman.net/bee/thymolx1.html|title=Thymol Crystals, Usage in beekeeping|date=June 10, 2006|accessdate=2009-05-01|publisher=dave-cushman.net}}</ref>. His original recipe was one ounce of thymol crystals dissolved in five fluid ounces of [[surgical spirit]] to make the stock solution. Then half a fluid ounce of this mixture was added to 1 Cwt (112 lbs) of sugar, which he dissolved in 7 imperial gallons (8.75 US Gal.) of water for direct use as winter feed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scientificbeekeeping.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=56|title=The "Nosema Twins" - Part 5 Alternative Treatments |accessdate=2009-05-01|publisher=scientificbeekeeping.com|author=Randy Oliver}}</ref> |
Manley's recipe has become a standard and even if the requirement is for a stronger solution, this is often specified as '3x Manley strength' or '4x Manley strength'<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dave-cushman.net/bee/thymolx1.html|title=Thymol Crystals, Usage in beekeeping|date=June 10, 2006|accessdate=2009-05-01|publisher=dave-cushman.net}}</ref>. His original recipe was one ounce of thymol crystals dissolved in five fluid ounces of [[surgical spirit]] to make the stock solution. Then half a fluid ounce of this mixture was added to 1 Cwt (112 lbs) of sugar, which he dissolved in 7 imperial gallons (8.75 US Gal.) of water for direct use as winter feed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scientificbeekeeping.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=56|title=The "Nosema Twins" - Part 5 Alternative Treatments |accessdate=2009-05-01|publisher=scientificbeekeeping.com|author=Randy Oliver}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 11:30, 9 August 2010
Robert "Bert" Orlando Beater Manley (1888-1978) was a British Beekeeper, an authority on commercial honey farming and developer of the popular Manley moveable frame hives and frame systems[1].
Robert Orlando Beater Manley | |
|---|---|
| Pen name | R.O.B. Manley |
| Occupation | Bee Keeper, Inventor, Author |
| Nationality | English |
Achievements
In 1914 a parasite, Acarapis woodi that originated on the Isle of Wight extended over the UK devastating all the native bees and only the Apis mellifera carnica and Apis mellifera ligustica colonies survived. Whilst Brother Adam travelled to Turkey to find substitutes for the native bees for the first Buckfast strain, (a very productive bee resistant to the parasite), R.O.B. Manley began breeding Italian bees and the pair quickly became the most influential bee-keepers in Britain, with Brother Adam concentrating on a breeding programme and Manley developing modern commercial honey farming methods.
In 1948 R.O.B. Manley became the first man to manage 1000 colonies in England[2], having kept bees through the fine summers of the 20's and 30's.
As well as being the first man to manage 1000 colonies, inventing the Manley frame system (still in common use today), R.O.B. Manley is the source of the practise of feeding sugar to bees in its modern form, stating that "all hives that have been to the moors should be fed 10lb sugar as a precaution against dysentery caused by long confinement during severe winters". This advice is not found in earlier publications (A. Pettigrew 1870[3], Rev Thomas WM Cowan 1881[4]). Manley adds that while heather honey was not suitable as winter food during periods of confinement, he 'knew of nothing better to encourage a rapid spring build-up'.
Thymol
R.O.B Manley propagated the idea of using thymol in syrup intended for winter feeding in order to prevent fermentation and the growth of mould. Manley's thymol recipe has also proven useful in controlling Varroa mites[5].
Manley's recipe has become a standard and even if the requirement is for a stronger solution, this is often specified as '3x Manley strength' or '4x Manley strength'[6]. His original recipe was one ounce of thymol crystals dissolved in five fluid ounces of surgical spirit to make the stock solution. Then half a fluid ounce of this mixture was added to 1 Cwt (112 lbs) of sugar, which he dissolved in 7 imperial gallons (8.75 US Gal.) of water for direct use as winter feed.[7]
Bibliography
- Honey Production In The British Isles (1936)[8]
- Honey Farming (1946)[9]
- Bee-Keeping In Britain (1948)[10]
- The Practical Bee Guide - a Manual of Modern Beekeeping (1949 with J. G Digges)[11]
References
- ^ "Movable frame hives". startbeekeeping.net. April 5, 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-01.
- ^ Ruttner, Friedrich; Milner, Eric; Dews, John (2004). The Dark European Honey Bee. WritersPrintshop. ISBN 978-1904623175.
- ^ Pettigrew, A (1870). A. Pettigrew's "The Handy Book of Bees: Being A Practical Treatise On Their Profitable Management". William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London. ISBN 1432664972.
- ^ Cowan, Thomas (1881). 9 vols. Cowan, Thos. Wm.: British Bee-Keepers Guide Book. London, (1881)". William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London.
- ^ Mark Ward. "Almond farmers seek healthy bees". BBC News Website.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|url=(help); Text "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4780034.stm" ignored (help) - ^ "Thymol Crystals, Usage in beekeeping". dave-cushman.net. June 10, 2006. Retrieved 2009-05-01.
- ^ Randy Oliver. "The "Nosema Twins" - Part 5 Alternative Treatments". scientificbeekeeping.com. Retrieved 2009-05-01.
- ^ Manley, R.O.B. (1936). Honey Production In The British Isles. Bradley and sons. ISBN B001A8S1WU.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help) - ^ Manley, R.O.B. (1946). Honey Farming. Faber & Faber Ltd. ISBN B0016JL8Z0.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help) - ^ Manley, R.O.B. (1948). Bee-Keeping In Britain. Faber & Faber Ltd. ISBN B000XZWEDI.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help) - ^ Manley, R.O.B. (1949). The Practical Bee Guide - a Manual of Modern Beekeeping. Talbot Press; fifteenth edition edition (1949). ISBN B001NGWVMA.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help); Missing|author1=(help)