Tekna: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Tekna.PNG|right|thumb|300px|The Tekna land (red) and migration routes (yellow)]] |
[[File:Tekna.PNG|right|thumb|300px|The Tekna land (red) and migration routes (yellow)]] |
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[[File:WesternSahara1909.png|right|thumb|300px|Tekno country in 1909]] |
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The '''Tekna''' is a [[Sahrawi people|Sahrawi]] [[tribe|tribal]] confederation of Lamta [[Sanhaja]] [[Berber people|Berber]] origins in today southern [[Morocco]] and parts of northern [[Western Sahara]], but traditionally with wider migration routes. |
The '''Tekna''' is a [[Sahrawi people|Sahrawi]] [[tribe|tribal]] confederation of Lamta [[Sanhaja]] [[Berber people|Berber]] origins in today southern [[Morocco]] and parts of northern [[Western Sahara]], but traditionally with wider migration routes. |
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They are divided into several berber-speaking and Arabic-speaking subtribes, organized into the two rivalling Ait Djemel and Ait Bella ''leff'', or factions. All Tekna are [[Muslim]]s, belonging to the [[Maliki]] school of [[Sunni]] [[Islam]]. Their traditional lifestyle was partly [[nomad]]ic, based on [[camel]] and [[goat]] herding, and partly sedentary, controlling important routes of the [[Saharan]] [[Caravan (travellers)|caravan]] [[trade]]. |
They are divided into several berber-speaking and Arabic-speaking subtribes, organized into the two rivalling Ait Djemel and Ait Bella ''leff'', or factions. All Tekna are [[Muslim]]s, belonging to the [[Maliki]] school of [[Sunni]] [[Islam]]. Their traditional lifestyle was partly [[nomad]]ic, based on [[camel]] and [[goat]] herding, and partly sedentary, controlling important routes of the [[Saharan]] [[Caravan (travellers)|caravan]] [[trade]]. |
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During the 18th century, [[Morocco]] under [[Ismail Ibn Sharif]] sized control over the territory from [[ |
During the 18th century, [[Morocco]] under [[Ismail Ibn Sharif]] sized control over the territory from [[Sus]] and [[Timbuktu]] to [[Moulouya River]], after the death of [[Ismail Ibn Sharif|Ismail]] in [[1727]] a [[civil war]] in Morocco led to losing these territories. thus, in [[May 30]] [[1767]], [[Mohammed ben Abdallah]] ([[Sultan of Morocco]]) signed a peace & commerce treaty with the Spanish King [[Carlos III]] recognizing that he doesn't have control over the Tekna.<ref name = "Junta Andalucia">{{cite web | title = Proyecto Ibn Jaldun. VII. El colonialismo español en el s. XIX: África. 2. Chafarinas, Sidi Ifni y el Sáhara. | url = http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/averroes/iesbajoguadalquivir/docu/ibnjaldun/ibnjaldum/segunda.htm# | author = Pedro Giménez de Aragón Sierra | publisher = [[Junta de Andalucía]] | accessdate = 2010-06-15}} {{es icon}}</ref> |
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However, at the time of the Spanish colonisation and at the beginnings of the 20th century, the Tekna tribes in the former [[Spanish Sahara]] were recognizing the [[List of rulers of Morocco|Rulers of Morocco]] as their leaders.<ref>Histoire et géographie de l'Europe. [http://www.euratlas.net/history/europe/1900/entity_15218.html Tekna Confederation (Tekna) . Depends upon Morocco]</ref><ref>International Court of Justice. [http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?sum=323&code=sa&p1=3&p2=4&case=61&k=69&p3=5 Advisory Opinion of 16 October 1975]</ref> |
However, at the time of the Spanish colonisation and at the beginnings of the 20th century, the Tekna tribes in the former [[Spanish Sahara]] were recognizing the [[List of rulers of Morocco|Rulers of Morocco]] as their leaders.<ref>Histoire et géographie de l'Europe. [http://www.euratlas.net/history/europe/1900/entity_15218.html Tekna Confederation (Tekna) . Depends upon Morocco]</ref><ref>International Court of Justice. [http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?sum=323&code=sa&p1=3&p2=4&case=61&k=69&p3=5 Advisory Opinion of 16 October 1975]</ref> |
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[[Category:Ethnic groups in Morocco]] |
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Morocco]] |
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[[Category:Ethnic groups in Western Sahara]] |
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Western Sahara]] |
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[[Category:Former countries]] |
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{{Africa-ethno-group-stub}} |
{{Africa-ethno-group-stub}} |
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Revision as of 13:41, 3 September 2011
The Tekna is a Sahrawi tribal confederation of Lamta Sanhaja Berber origins in today southern Morocco and parts of northern Western Sahara, but traditionally with wider migration routes.
The Tekna tribes speak Hassaniya Arabic and the Berber Shilha dialect in varying degrees. They are divided into several berber-speaking and Arabic-speaking subtribes, organized into the two rivalling Ait Djemel and Ait Bella leff, or factions. All Tekna are Muslims, belonging to the Maliki school of Sunni Islam. Their traditional lifestyle was partly nomadic, based on camel and goat herding, and partly sedentary, controlling important routes of the Saharan caravan trade.
During the 18th century, Morocco under Ismail Ibn Sharif sized control over the territory from Sus and Timbuktu to Moulouya River, after the death of Ismail in 1727 a civil war in Morocco led to losing these territories. thus, in May 30 1767, Mohammed ben Abdallah (Sultan of Morocco) signed a peace & commerce treaty with the Spanish King Carlos III recognizing that he doesn't have control over the Tekna.[1]
However, at the time of the Spanish colonisation and at the beginnings of the 20th century, the Tekna tribes in the former Spanish Sahara were recognizing the Rulers of Morocco as their leaders.[2][3]
See also
References
- ^ Pedro Giménez de Aragón Sierra. "Proyecto Ibn Jaldun. VII. El colonialismo español en el s. XIX: África. 2. Chafarinas, Sidi Ifni y el Sáhara". Junta de Andalucía. Retrieved 2010-06-15. Template:Es icon
- ^ Histoire et géographie de l'Europe. Tekna Confederation (Tekna) . Depends upon Morocco
- ^ International Court of Justice. Advisory Opinion of 16 October 1975
Bibliography
Template:Fr Attilo Gaudio, "Les populations du Sahara occidental: histoire, vie et culture", ed. Karthala 1993, (Chap. VIII, pp. 97–116) (ISBN 2-86537-411-4) [1]
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