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'''Sergey Aphanasievich Zimov''' ({{lang-ru|Сергей Афанасьевич Зимов}}) is a [[Russians|Russian]] scientist, and the director of the Northeast Science Station in [[Cherskii]] in the [[Russia]]n [[Republic of Sakha]] in northeastern [[Siberia]].<ref name="science2005">{{Citation | title= Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem | newspaper=Science (vol. 308. no. 5723, pp. 796 - 798) | date=6 May 2005 | accessdate = 2009-04-20 | url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/308/5723/796?ijkey=DeNm9D5Ah2dNE&keytype=ref&siteid=sci | quote="... Sergey A. Zimov, director of the Northeast Science Station in Cherskii in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), received his academic training in geophysics at the Far East State University in Vladivostok, Russia ...'' | pmid= 15879196 | doi= 10.1126/science.1113442 | last1= Zimov | first1= SA | volume= 308 | issue= 5723 | pages= 796–8 | journal= Science}}</ref> He is a proponent of the theory that hunting played as big, if not a bigger, role in altering the [[Pleistocene]] [[ecosystem]] in the northern [[steppes]] as climate change. Along with other scientists, he has advocated the re-establishment of a grassland ecosystem known as [[Pleistocene Park]] in Northeastern [[Siberia]] resembling the one that existed during the Pleistocene period.<ref name="zimov-aa">{{Citation | title= Pleistocene Park: Re-establishment of a functional steppe ecosystem in northeast Siberia | author=Sergei A. Zimov, F. Stuart Chapin, III and Melissa Chapin | accessdate = 2009-04-20 | url=http://terrychapin.org/park.html | quote="... We propose to create a grassland ecosystem maintained by large northern herbivores similar to that which existed in Siberia 10,000-100,000 years ago during the late Pleistocene ...''}}</ref> |
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|name = Sergei Zimov |
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{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. --> |
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|caption = Sergei Zimov overlooking the Siberian landscape |
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| NAME = Zimov, Sergey |
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|birth_date = July 1955 |
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|residence = [[Sakha Republic|Sakha Republic]], [[Russia|Russia]] |
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| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Russian scientist |
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|workplaces = Northeast Science Station, [[Chersky (settlement)|Cherskii, RU]] |
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| DATE OF BIRTH = |
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|alma_mater = [[Far Eastern State Technical University|Far East State University]], [[Vladivostok|Vladivostok, Russia]] |
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| PLACE OF BIRTH = |
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|known_for = The Northeast Science Station, [[Pleistocene Park|Pleistocene Park]], global [[carbon|carbon]] and [[methane|methane]] cycles, [[Pleistocene|Pleistocene]] [[ecosystem|ecosystem]] reconstruction |
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| DATE OF DEATH = |
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|awards = Wolf Vishniac Award (1991) |
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| PLACE OF DEATH = |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Zimov, Sergey}} |
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[[Category:Living people]] |
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Sergei Zimov is a [[Russia|Russian]] scientist who serves as the Director of the Northeast Science Station and is one of the founders of [[Pleistocene Park|Pleistocene Park]].<ref>"Northeast Science Station of Cherskii, Russia." 11 Dec. 2006. Web. http://terrychapin.org/station.html</ref> He is best known for his work in advocating the theory that human overhunting of large herbivores during the [[Pleistocene|Pleistocene]] caused Siberia’s [[steppe|grassland-steppe ecosystem]] to disappear and for raising awareness as to the important roles [[permafrost|permafrost]] and [[thermokarst|thermokarst]] lakes play in the [[carbon cycle|global carbon cycle]]. |
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[[ru:Зимов, Сергей Афанасьевич]] |
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==Biography, Life, and Work== |
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Sergei Zimov is a Russian scientist who resides in [[Chersky (settlement)|Cherskii]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha Republic]], [[Russia|Russia]]. He studied and received his degree in [[geophysics|geophysics]] from [[Far Eastern State Technical University|Far East State University]], located in [[Vladivostok|Vladivostok, Russia]].<ref>Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." ''Science'' 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf</ref> |
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Zimov founded the Northeast Science near Cherskii in 1977.<ref>Pleistocene Park and the North-East Scientific Station official website http://www.pleistocenepark.ru/en/</ref> Twelve years later, in 1988, he initiated the [[Pleistocene Park|Pleistocene Park]] project.<ref>Pleistocene Park and the North-East Scientific Station official website http://www.pleistocenepark.ru/en/</ref> In 1991, Sergei Zimov was awarded the Wolf Vishniac Award at the 4th International Society for Environmental Biochemistry Conference. |
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==Professional Highlights and Accomplishments== |
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===Northeast Science Station=== |
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Coordinates: 69 degrees 30 minutes North latitude, 161 degrees 30 minutes East longitude<ref>Earth Exploration Toolbook http://serc.carleton.edu/eet/permafrost/case_study.html></ref> |
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Sergei Zimov is the director of the Northeast Science Station.<ref>Northeast Science Station http://terrychapin.org/station.html</ref> Located near [[Chersky (settlement)|Cherskii, Russia]] on the mouth of the [[Kolyma River|Kolyma River]], 150 kilometers south of the [[Arctic Ocean|Arctic Ocean]], the station serves as a year-round base for international Arctic research.<ref>Northeast Science Station http://terrychapin.org/station.html</ref> Founded in 1977,<ref>Pleistocene Park and the North-East Scientific Station official website http://www.pleistocenepark.ru/en/</ref> the Northeast Science Station boasts three laboratories, a network of field sites, tools for data analysis and communication, transportation, accommodation for visiting researchers,<ref>Northeast Science Station http://terrychapin.org/station.html</ref> and a year round staff of six.<ref>Polar Field Services Newsletter http://www.polarfield.com/blog/tag/northeast-science-station/</ref> A barge floating on the Kolyma River serves as a traveling dormitory and laboratory.<ref>Polar Field Services Newsletter http://www.polarfield.com/blog/tag/northeast-science-station/</ref> |
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===Permafrost and Methane=== |
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In collaboration with [[F. Stuart Chapin III|Dr. Terry Chapin]] and [[Katey Walter|Dr. Katey Walter-Anthony]], Sergei Zimov has published a series a collection of scientific papers exposing the importance of [[permafrost|permafrost]] and high-latitude [[carbon dioxide|carbon dioxide]] and [[methane|methane]] emissions in the [[carbon cycle|global carbon cycle]]. These papers identified methane ebullition from [[thermokarst|thermokarst]] lakes to be a significant source of atmospheric methane, a potent [[greenhouse gas|greenhouse gas]].<ref>University of Alaska Fairbanks. "Methane Bubbling From Arctic Lakes, Now and At End Of Last Ice Age." ScienceDaily, 26 Oct. 2007. Web. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/10/071025174618.htm</ref> |
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Permafrost is a large global carbon reservoir which has remained frozen throughout much of the [[holocene|Holocene]].<ref>Zimov, S.A., E.A.G. Schuur, F. S. Chapin III. "Permafrost and the Global Carbon Budget." ''Science'' 312.5780 (2006): 1612-1613. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/312/5780/1612</ref> Due to recent [[global warming|climate change]], the permafrost is beginning to thaw, releasing stored carbon and forming thermokarst lakes.<ref>University of Alaska Fairbanks. "Methane Bubbling From Arctic Lakes, Now and At End Of Last Ice Age." ScienceDaily, 26 Oct. 2007. Web. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/10/071025174618.htm</ref><ref>Zimov, S.A., E.A.G. Schuur, F. S. Chapin III. "Permafrost and the Global Carbon Budget." ''Science'' 312.5780 (2006): 1612-1613. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/312/5780/1612</ref> When the thawed permafrost enters the thermokarst lakes, its carbon is converted into carbon dioxide and methane and released into the atmosphere.<ref>Walter, K.M., M. E. Edwards, G. Grosse, S. A. Zimov, F. S. Chapin III. "Thermokarst Lakes as a Source of Atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> During the Last Deglaciation." ''Science'' 318.5850 (2007): 633-636. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/318/5850/633</ref><ref>Walter, K.M., S. A. Zimov, J. P. Chanton, D. Verbyla & F. S. Chapin III. "Methane bubbling from Siberian thaw lakes as a positive feedback to climate warming." ''Nature'' 443.7107 (2006): 71-75. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v443/n7107/abs/nature05040.html</ref><ref>Zimov S.A., Y.V. Voropaev, I.P. Semiletov, S.P. Davidov, S.F. Prosiannikov, F.S. Chapin III, M.C. Chapin, S. Trumbore, S. Tyler. "North Siberian Lakes: A methane source fueled by Pleistocene carbon." ''Science'' 277.5327 (1997): 800. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/277/5327/800?ck=nck</ref> Methane is a potent greenhouse gas and the methane emissions from thermokarst lakes have the potential to initiate a [[positive feedback|positive feedback cycle]] in which increased atmospheric methane concentrations lead to amplified global climate change, which in turn leads to more permafrost thaw and more methane and carbon dioxide emissions.<ref>Walter, K.M., S. A. Zimov, J. P. Chanton, D. Verbyla & F. S. Chapin III. "Methane bubbling from Siberian thaw lakes as a positive feedback to climate warming." ''Nature'' 443.7107 (2006): 71-75. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v443/n7107/abs/nature05040.html</ref><ref>Zimov S.A., Y.V. Voropaev, I.P. Semiletov, S.P. Davidov, S.F. Prosiannikov, F.S. Chapin III, M.C. Chapin, S. Trumbore, S. Tyler. "North Siberian Lakes: A methane source fueled by Pleistocene carbon." ''Science'' 277.5327 (1997): 800. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/277/5327/800?ck=nck</ref> |
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===Pleistocene Park=== |
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''For more information see [[Pleistocene Park|Pleistocene Park]]'' |
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Zimov initiated the Pleistocene Park project in 1988 in Northeast Siberia near the Northeast Science Station in Cherskii, Republic of Sakha, Russia.<ref>Pleistocene Park and the North-East Scientific Station official website http://www.pleistocenepark.ru/en/</ref> Pleistocene Park seeks to test the hypotheses that large [[herbivore|herbivores]] maintained the [[Pleistocene|Pleistocene]] [[tundra|tundra]] [[steppe|steppe]] and that [[hunting|overhunting]] by humans caused both the animals and Pleistocene ecosystem to vanish.<ref>Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." ''Science'' 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf</ref> |
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The [[steppe|grassland-steppe ecosystem]] which dominated Siberia during the Pleistocene disappeared 10,000 years ago and was replaced by mossy and forested [[tundra|tundra]].<ref>Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." ''Science'' 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf</ref> Concurrently, many of the large herbivores who roamed Siberia during the Pleistocene, including [[mammoth|mammoths]], [[woolly rhinoceros|woolly rhinoceroses]], [[bison|bison]], [[horse|horses]], [[muskox|musk oxen]], [[elk|elk]], [[saiga antelope|saiga]], and [[yak|yaks]], vanished from the region.<ref>Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." ''Science'' 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf</ref> Today, [[reindeer|reindeer]] and [[moose|moose]] are the only surviving large herbivores to roam Siberia.<ref>Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." ''Science'' 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf</ref> Zimov and colleagues believe that [[human|humans]], with their constantly improving technology, overhunted the large herbivores and led to their extinction and extirpation. Without herbivores grazing and trampling over the land, mosses, shrubs, and trees were able to take over and replace the grassland ecosystem.<ref>Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." ''Science'' 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf</ref> |
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At Pleistocene Park, Zimov is attempting to recreate the [[Pleistocene|Pleistocene]] grasslands to demonstrate that the grasslands would have persisted into the [[Holocene|Holocene]] if humans did not overhunt the herds of Pleistocene herbivores which roamed and maintained the ecosystem. He has demonstrated that grasses take over the landscape 1-2 years after mosses are anthropogenically removed.<ref>Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." ''Science'' 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf</ref> According to Zimov, re-introducing large herbivores to Siberia would initiate a [[positive feedback|positive feedback loop]] promoting the reestablishment of grassland ecosystems: “''The animals, their hooves, they disturb the moss and let grasses grow instead. The soil dries out, the animals deposit their fertilizer, the grass grows more, and more animals can graze''.”<ref>Fowler, Adam. "Siberian Window on the Ice Age." BBC News. 2 July 2007. Web. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6246926.stm</ref> |
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Current efforts in the park include reintroducing surviving Pleistocene megafauna into the fenced enclosure until they reach densities to change the vegetation and soil to a steppe grassland ecosystem.<ref>Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." ''Science'' 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf</ref> Pleistocene Park currently covers an area of 160 square kilometers<ref>Fowler, Adam. "Siberian Window on the Ice Age." BBC News. 2 July 2007. Web. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6246926.stm</ref> and contains less than 100 large mammals<ref>Fowler, Adam. "Siberian Window on the Ice Age." BBC News. 2 July 2007. Web. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6246926.stm</ref> representing six major herbivore species (horses, moose, reindeer, muskox, elk, and bison).<ref>Pleistocene Park and the North-East Scientific Station official website http://www.pleistocenepark.ru/en/</ref> Zimov’s goal for Pleistocene Park is to increase the number of large herbivores to 20 per square kilometer then begin reintroducing predators, including [[gray wolf|wolves]], [[bear|bears]], and [[Siberian tiger|Siberian tigers]].<ref>Fowler, Adam. "Siberian Window on the Ice Age." BBC News. 2 July 2007. Web. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6246926.stm</ref> |
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==Selected Publications== |
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* Walter, K.M., M. E. Edwards, G. Grosse, '''S. A. Zimov''', F. S. Chapin III. "Thermokarst Lakes as a Source of Atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> During the Last Deglaciation." ''Science'' 318.5850 (2007): 633-636. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/318/5850/633 |
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** This paper estimates that 33-87% of high-latitude increases in atmospheric [[methane|methane]] originate from [[thermokarst|thermokarst]] lakes. It is suggested that sediments which have been frozen since the [[pleistocene|Pleistocene]], called [[yedoma|yedoma]], will have high methane-releasing potential as they thaw due to [[global warming|climate change]]. |
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* Walter, K.M., '''S. A. Zimov''', J. P. Chanton, D. Verbyla & F. S. Chapin III. "Methane bubbling from Siberian thaw lakes as a positive feedback to climate warming." ''Nature'' 443.7107 (2006): 71-75. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v443/n7107/abs/nature05040.html |
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** This paper quantifies [[methane|methane]] emissions from [[thermokarst|thermokarst]] lakes in North [[siberia|Siberia]]. Most of the methane is sourced to thawing [[permafrost|permafrost]] from the lake margins. |
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* '''Zimov, S.A.''' "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." ''Science'' 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf |
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** This essay outlines the concept behind [[Pleistocene Park|Pleistocene Park]], Sergei Zimov’s research site in which he seeks to demonstrate that human overhunting of Pleistocene [[megafauna|megafauna]] led to the disappearance of the Pleistocene’s [[steppe|grassland-steppe]] ecosystem. |
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* '''Zimov S.A.''', S.P. Daviodov, G.M. Zimova, A.I. Davidova, F.S. Chapin III, M.C. Chapin, J.F. Reynolds. "Contribution of Disturbance to Increasing Seasonal Amplitude of Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>." ''Science'' 284.5422 (1999): 1973. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/sci;284/5422/1973 |
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** This paper suggests that increasing high-latitude [[disturbance (ecology)|ecological disturbances]] such as [[fire|fires]] and [[grazing|grazing]] contribute to the long-term increase in atmospheric [[carbon dioxide|carbon dioxide]]. |
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* '''Zimov, S.A.''', E.A.G. Schuur, F. S. Chapin III. "Permafrost and the Global Carbon Budget." ''Science'' 312.5780 (2006): 1612-1613. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/312/5780/1612 |
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** This paper contends that [[permafrost|permafrost]] represents a significant global [[carbon sink|carbon sink]]. As [[global warming|climate change]] causes permafrost to thaw, the stored [[carbon|carbon]] will be released and amplify global climate change. |
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* '''Zimov S.A.''', Y.V. Voropaev, I.P. Semiletov, S.P. Davidov, S.F. Prosiannikov, F.S. Chapin III, M.C. Chapin, S. Trumbore, S. Tyler. "North Siberian Lakes: A methane source fueled by Pleistocene carbon." ''Science'' 277.5327 (1997): 800. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/277/5327/800?ck=nck |
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** This paper identifies [[pleistocene|Pleistocene]]-aged soils, referred to as [[yedoma|yedoma]], as being a major [[carbon|carbon]] source for [[methane|methane]] emissions from [[thermokarst|thermokarst]] lakes in North Siberia. |
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==External Links== |
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* The Official Pleistocene Park and Northeast Science Station Website http://www.pleistocenepark.ru/en/ |
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* The Northeast Science Station http://terrychapin.org/station.html |
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Revision as of 06:31, 1 November 2011
Sergei Zimov
Sergei Zimov | |
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File:Image Sergei Zimov overlooking the Siberian landscape | |
Born | July 1955 |
Alma mater | Far East State University, Vladivostok, Russia |
Known for | The Northeast Science Station, Pleistocene Park, global carbon and methane cycles, Pleistocene ecosystem reconstruction |
Awards | Wolf Vishniac Award (1991) |
Scientific career | |
Institutions | Northeast Science Station, Cherskii, RU |
Sergei Zimov is a Russian scientist who serves as the Director of the Northeast Science Station and is one of the founders of Pleistocene Park.[1] He is best known for his work in advocating the theory that human overhunting of large herbivores during the Pleistocene caused Siberia’s grassland-steppe ecosystem to disappear and for raising awareness as to the important roles permafrost and thermokarst lakes play in the global carbon cycle.
Biography, Life, and Work
Sergei Zimov is a Russian scientist who resides in Cherskii, Sakha Republic, Russia. He studied and received his degree in geophysics from Far East State University, located in Vladivostok, Russia.[2]
Zimov founded the Northeast Science near Cherskii in 1977.[3] Twelve years later, in 1988, he initiated the Pleistocene Park project.[4] In 1991, Sergei Zimov was awarded the Wolf Vishniac Award at the 4th International Society for Environmental Biochemistry Conference.
Professional Highlights and Accomplishments
Northeast Science Station
Coordinates: 69 degrees 30 minutes North latitude, 161 degrees 30 minutes East longitude[5]
Sergei Zimov is the director of the Northeast Science Station.[6] Located near Cherskii, Russia on the mouth of the Kolyma River, 150 kilometers south of the Arctic Ocean, the station serves as a year-round base for international Arctic research.[7] Founded in 1977,[8] the Northeast Science Station boasts three laboratories, a network of field sites, tools for data analysis and communication, transportation, accommodation for visiting researchers,[9] and a year round staff of six.[10] A barge floating on the Kolyma River serves as a traveling dormitory and laboratory.[11]
Permafrost and Methane
In collaboration with Dr. Terry Chapin and Dr. Katey Walter-Anthony, Sergei Zimov has published a series a collection of scientific papers exposing the importance of permafrost and high-latitude carbon dioxide and methane emissions in the global carbon cycle. These papers identified methane ebullition from thermokarst lakes to be a significant source of atmospheric methane, a potent greenhouse gas.[12]
Permafrost is a large global carbon reservoir which has remained frozen throughout much of the Holocene.[13] Due to recent climate change, the permafrost is beginning to thaw, releasing stored carbon and forming thermokarst lakes.[14][15] When the thawed permafrost enters the thermokarst lakes, its carbon is converted into carbon dioxide and methane and released into the atmosphere.[16][17][18] Methane is a potent greenhouse gas and the methane emissions from thermokarst lakes have the potential to initiate a positive feedback cycle in which increased atmospheric methane concentrations lead to amplified global climate change, which in turn leads to more permafrost thaw and more methane and carbon dioxide emissions.[19][20]
Pleistocene Park
For more information see Pleistocene Park
Zimov initiated the Pleistocene Park project in 1988 in Northeast Siberia near the Northeast Science Station in Cherskii, Republic of Sakha, Russia.[21] Pleistocene Park seeks to test the hypotheses that large herbivores maintained the Pleistocene tundra steppe and that overhunting by humans caused both the animals and Pleistocene ecosystem to vanish.[22]
The grassland-steppe ecosystem which dominated Siberia during the Pleistocene disappeared 10,000 years ago and was replaced by mossy and forested tundra.[23] Concurrently, many of the large herbivores who roamed Siberia during the Pleistocene, including mammoths, woolly rhinoceroses, bison, horses, musk oxen, elk, saiga, and yaks, vanished from the region.[24] Today, reindeer and moose are the only surviving large herbivores to roam Siberia.[25] Zimov and colleagues believe that humans, with their constantly improving technology, overhunted the large herbivores and led to their extinction and extirpation. Without herbivores grazing and trampling over the land, mosses, shrubs, and trees were able to take over and replace the grassland ecosystem.[26]
At Pleistocene Park, Zimov is attempting to recreate the Pleistocene grasslands to demonstrate that the grasslands would have persisted into the Holocene if humans did not overhunt the herds of Pleistocene herbivores which roamed and maintained the ecosystem. He has demonstrated that grasses take over the landscape 1-2 years after mosses are anthropogenically removed.[27] According to Zimov, re-introducing large herbivores to Siberia would initiate a positive feedback loop promoting the reestablishment of grassland ecosystems: “The animals, their hooves, they disturb the moss and let grasses grow instead. The soil dries out, the animals deposit their fertilizer, the grass grows more, and more animals can graze.”[28]
Current efforts in the park include reintroducing surviving Pleistocene megafauna into the fenced enclosure until they reach densities to change the vegetation and soil to a steppe grassland ecosystem.[29] Pleistocene Park currently covers an area of 160 square kilometers[30] and contains less than 100 large mammals[31] representing six major herbivore species (horses, moose, reindeer, muskox, elk, and bison).[32] Zimov’s goal for Pleistocene Park is to increase the number of large herbivores to 20 per square kilometer then begin reintroducing predators, including wolves, bears, and Siberian tigers.[33]
Selected Publications
- Walter, K.M., M. E. Edwards, G. Grosse, S. A. Zimov, F. S. Chapin III. "Thermokarst Lakes as a Source of Atmospheric CH4 During the Last Deglaciation." Science 318.5850 (2007): 633-636. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/318/5850/633
- This paper estimates that 33-87% of high-latitude increases in atmospheric methane originate from thermokarst lakes. It is suggested that sediments which have been frozen since the Pleistocene, called yedoma, will have high methane-releasing potential as they thaw due to climate change.
- Walter, K.M., S. A. Zimov, J. P. Chanton, D. Verbyla & F. S. Chapin III. "Methane bubbling from Siberian thaw lakes as a positive feedback to climate warming." Nature 443.7107 (2006): 71-75. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v443/n7107/abs/nature05040.html
- This paper quantifies methane emissions from thermokarst lakes in North Siberia. Most of the methane is sourced to thawing permafrost from the lake margins.
- Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." Science 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf
- This essay outlines the concept behind Pleistocene Park, Sergei Zimov’s research site in which he seeks to demonstrate that human overhunting of Pleistocene megafauna led to the disappearance of the Pleistocene’s grassland-steppe ecosystem.
- Zimov S.A., S.P. Daviodov, G.M. Zimova, A.I. Davidova, F.S. Chapin III, M.C. Chapin, J.F. Reynolds. "Contribution of Disturbance to Increasing Seasonal Amplitude of Atmospheric CO2." Science 284.5422 (1999): 1973. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/sci;284/5422/1973
- This paper suggests that increasing high-latitude ecological disturbances such as fires and grazing contribute to the long-term increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide.
- Zimov, S.A., E.A.G. Schuur, F. S. Chapin III. "Permafrost and the Global Carbon Budget." Science 312.5780 (2006): 1612-1613. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/312/5780/1612
- This paper contends that permafrost represents a significant global carbon sink. As climate change causes permafrost to thaw, the stored carbon will be released and amplify global climate change.
- Zimov S.A., Y.V. Voropaev, I.P. Semiletov, S.P. Davidov, S.F. Prosiannikov, F.S. Chapin III, M.C. Chapin, S. Trumbore, S. Tyler. "North Siberian Lakes: A methane source fueled by Pleistocene carbon." Science 277.5327 (1997): 800. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/277/5327/800?ck=nck
- This paper identifies Pleistocene-aged soils, referred to as yedoma, as being a major carbon source for methane emissions from thermokarst lakes in North Siberia.
External Links
- The Official Pleistocene Park and Northeast Science Station Website http://www.pleistocenepark.ru/en/
- The Northeast Science Station http://terrychapin.org/station.html
References
- ^ "Northeast Science Station of Cherskii, Russia." 11 Dec. 2006. Web. http://terrychapin.org/station.html
- ^ Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." Science 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf
- ^ Pleistocene Park and the North-East Scientific Station official website http://www.pleistocenepark.ru/en/
- ^ Pleistocene Park and the North-East Scientific Station official website http://www.pleistocenepark.ru/en/
- ^ Earth Exploration Toolbook http://serc.carleton.edu/eet/permafrost/case_study.html>
- ^ Northeast Science Station http://terrychapin.org/station.html
- ^ Northeast Science Station http://terrychapin.org/station.html
- ^ Pleistocene Park and the North-East Scientific Station official website http://www.pleistocenepark.ru/en/
- ^ Northeast Science Station http://terrychapin.org/station.html
- ^ Polar Field Services Newsletter http://www.polarfield.com/blog/tag/northeast-science-station/
- ^ Polar Field Services Newsletter http://www.polarfield.com/blog/tag/northeast-science-station/
- ^ University of Alaska Fairbanks. "Methane Bubbling From Arctic Lakes, Now and At End Of Last Ice Age." ScienceDaily, 26 Oct. 2007. Web. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/10/071025174618.htm
- ^ Zimov, S.A., E.A.G. Schuur, F. S. Chapin III. "Permafrost and the Global Carbon Budget." Science 312.5780 (2006): 1612-1613. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/312/5780/1612
- ^ University of Alaska Fairbanks. "Methane Bubbling From Arctic Lakes, Now and At End Of Last Ice Age." ScienceDaily, 26 Oct. 2007. Web. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/10/071025174618.htm
- ^ Zimov, S.A., E.A.G. Schuur, F. S. Chapin III. "Permafrost and the Global Carbon Budget." Science 312.5780 (2006): 1612-1613. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/312/5780/1612
- ^ Walter, K.M., M. E. Edwards, G. Grosse, S. A. Zimov, F. S. Chapin III. "Thermokarst Lakes as a Source of Atmospheric CH4 During the Last Deglaciation." Science 318.5850 (2007): 633-636. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/318/5850/633
- ^ Walter, K.M., S. A. Zimov, J. P. Chanton, D. Verbyla & F. S. Chapin III. "Methane bubbling from Siberian thaw lakes as a positive feedback to climate warming." Nature 443.7107 (2006): 71-75. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v443/n7107/abs/nature05040.html
- ^ Zimov S.A., Y.V. Voropaev, I.P. Semiletov, S.P. Davidov, S.F. Prosiannikov, F.S. Chapin III, M.C. Chapin, S. Trumbore, S. Tyler. "North Siberian Lakes: A methane source fueled by Pleistocene carbon." Science 277.5327 (1997): 800. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/277/5327/800?ck=nck
- ^ Walter, K.M., S. A. Zimov, J. P. Chanton, D. Verbyla & F. S. Chapin III. "Methane bubbling from Siberian thaw lakes as a positive feedback to climate warming." Nature 443.7107 (2006): 71-75. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v443/n7107/abs/nature05040.html
- ^ Zimov S.A., Y.V. Voropaev, I.P. Semiletov, S.P. Davidov, S.F. Prosiannikov, F.S. Chapin III, M.C. Chapin, S. Trumbore, S. Tyler. "North Siberian Lakes: A methane source fueled by Pleistocene carbon." Science 277.5327 (1997): 800. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/277/5327/800?ck=nck
- ^ Pleistocene Park and the North-East Scientific Station official website http://www.pleistocenepark.ru/en/
- ^ Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." Science 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf
- ^ Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." Science 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf
- ^ Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." Science 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf
- ^ Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." Science 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf
- ^ Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." Science 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf
- ^ Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." Science 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf
- ^ Fowler, Adam. "Siberian Window on the Ice Age." BBC News. 2 July 2007. Web. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6246926.stm
- ^ Zimov, S.A. "Pleistocene Park: Return of the Mammoth's Ecosystem." Science 308.5723 (2005): 796-798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/308/5723/796.pdf
- ^ Fowler, Adam. "Siberian Window on the Ice Age." BBC News. 2 July 2007. Web. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6246926.stm
- ^ Fowler, Adam. "Siberian Window on the Ice Age." BBC News. 2 July 2007. Web. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6246926.stm
- ^ Pleistocene Park and the North-East Scientific Station official website http://www.pleistocenepark.ru/en/
- ^ Fowler, Adam. "Siberian Window on the Ice Age." BBC News. 2 July 2007. Web. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6246926.stm