Peanut agglutinin: Difference between revisions
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'''Peanut agglutinin''' ('''PNA''') is plant [[lectin]] [[protein]] derived from the [[fruit]]s of ''[[Arachis hypogaea]]''. Peanut agglutinin may also be referred to as '''''Arachis hypogaea'' lectin'''. Lectins recognise and bind particular [[sugar]] sequences in carbohydrates; peanut agglutinin binds the carbohydrate sequence [[Galactose|Gal]]-β(1-3)-[[N-Acetylgalactosamine|GalNAc]]. The name "peanut agglutinin" originates from its ability to stick together ([[agglutinate]]) cells, such as neuramidase-treated [[erythrocytes]]<ref name=Medicago>{{cite web |publisher= |accessdate=2010 Mars 14 |url=http://www.medicago.se/sites/default/files/pdf/productsheets/Arachis_Hypogaea_PNA_v._01.pdf|title=PNA specification sheet Medicago AB: |work=}}</ref>, which have [[glycoprotein]]s or [[glycolipid]]s on their surface which include the Gal-β(1-3)-GalNAc carbohydrate sequence. |
'''Peanut agglutinin''' ('''PNA''') is plant [[lectin]] [[protein]] derived from the [[fruit]]s of ''[[Arachis hypogaea]]''. Peanut agglutinin may also be referred to as '''''Arachis hypogaea'' lectin'''. Lectins recognise and bind particular [[sugar]] sequences in carbohydrates; peanut agglutinin binds the carbohydrate sequence [[Galactose|Gal]]-β(1-3)-[[N-Acetylgalactosamine|GalNAc]]. The name "peanut agglutinin" originates from its ability to stick together ([[agglutinate]]) cells, such as neuramidase-treated [[erythrocytes]]<ref name=Medicago>{{cite web |publisher= |accessdate=2010 Mars 14 |url=http://www.medicago.se/sites/default/files/pdf/productsheets/Arachis_Hypogaea_PNA_v._01.pdf|title=PNA specification sheet Medicago AB: |work=}}</ref>, which have [[glycoprotein]]s or [[glycolipid]]s on their surface which include the Gal-β(1-3)-GalNAc carbohydrate sequence. |
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==Structure== |
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Symbol = Lectin_legB |
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| Name = Legume lectin domain |
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| image = PDB 1lem EBI.jpg |
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| width = |
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| caption = Structure of the monosaccharide binding site of lentil lectin.<ref name="pmid7696853">{{cite journal |author=Loris R, Casset F, Bouckaert J, ''et al.'' |title=The monosaccharide binding site of lentil lectin: an X-ray and molecular modelling study |journal=Glycoconj. J. |volume=11 |issue=6 |pages=507–17 |year=1994 |month=December |pmid=7696853 |doi= |url=}}</ref> |
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| Pfam = PF00139 |
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| Pfam_clan = CL0004 |
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| InterPro = IPR001220 |
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| SMART = |
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| PROSITE = PDOC00278 |
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| MEROPS = |
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| SCOP = 1lem |
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| TCDB = |
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| OPM family = |
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| OPM protein = |
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| PDB = The protein is 273 amino acids in length with the 1st 23 residues acting and a signal peptide which is subsequently cleaved. It has a [[Uniprot]] acession of [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02872 P02872]. There are over 20 structures of this protein in the [[Protein Data Bank|PDB]] which reveal and all [[beta-sheet]] protein with a [[tetrameric]] quarternary structure. It is a member of the Lectin_legB [[Pfam|PFAM]] family. |
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[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/searchResults.html?display=both&term=P02872 Available Structures] |
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==Uses in cell biology and biochemistry== |
==Uses in cell biology and biochemistry== |
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Revision as of 15:37, 28 January 2012
Peanut agglutinin (PNA) is plant lectin protein derived from the fruits of Arachis hypogaea. Peanut agglutinin may also be referred to as Arachis hypogaea lectin. Lectins recognise and bind particular sugar sequences in carbohydrates; peanut agglutinin binds the carbohydrate sequence Gal-β(1-3)-GalNAc. The name "peanut agglutinin" originates from its ability to stick together (agglutinate) cells, such as neuramidase-treated erythrocytes[1], which have glycoproteins or glycolipids on their surface which include the Gal-β(1-3)-GalNAc carbohydrate sequence.
Structure
Symbol = Lectin_legB | Name = Legume lectin domain | image = PDB 1lem EBI.jpg | width = | caption = Structure of the monosaccharide binding site of lentil lectin.[2] | Pfam = PF00139 | Pfam_clan = CL0004 | InterPro = IPR001220 | SMART = | PROSITE = PDOC00278 | MEROPS = | SCOP = 1lem | TCDB = | OPM family = | OPM protein = | PDB = The protein is 273 amino acids in length with the 1st 23 residues acting and a signal peptide which is subsequently cleaved. It has a Uniprot acession of P02872. There are over 20 structures of this protein in the PDB which reveal and all beta-sheet protein with a tetrameric quarternary structure. It is a member of the Lectin_legB PFAM family.
Uses in cell biology and biochemistry
Because peanut agglutinin specifically binds a particular carbohydrate sequence it finds use in a range of methods for cell biology and biochemistry. For example in PNA-affinity chromatography the binding specificity of peanut agglutinin is used to isolate glycosylated molecules which have the sugar sequence Gal-β(1-3)-GalNAc. Peanut agglutinin activity is inhibited by lactose and galactose which compete for the binding site.
Other uses include:
- Potent anti-T cell activity.
- Distinguishing between human lymphocyte subsets.
- Tumour tissue determination for transitional mucosa malignancies.
- Identification of mammalian-infective metacyclic promastigote Leishmania major parasites from other life cycle forms also found in the sandfly host.
References
- ^ "PNA specification sheet Medicago AB:" (PDF). Retrieved 2010 Mars 14.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help) - ^ Loris R, Casset F, Bouckaert J; et al. (1994). "The monosaccharide binding site of lentil lectin: an X-ray and molecular modelling study". Glycoconj. J. 11 (6): 507–17. PMID 7696853.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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