User:Ankimai/draft islamophobia sources

Marcel Maussen, Anti-Muslim sentiments and mobilization in the Netherlands. Discourse, policies and violence. In Securitization and Religious Divides in Europe: Muslims in Western Europe after 9/11 - Why the term Islamophobia is more a predicament than an explanation, ed. J. Cesari, 100-142. Challenge Project Report: The Changing Landscape of Citizenship and Security, 6th PCRD of the European Commission 2005, p. 102f.:

By using the term 'Islamophobia' to discuss a variety of discourses, policies and acts which have emerged in Western European societies, a simplistic image is constantly being reproduced of the 'enemies of Islam' confronting the 'friends of Islam'. Those who want to voice concerns or critical observations about Islam or about Muslim populations in Western Europe refuse to be simply excluded as speakers in the debate by being put away as racists and as victims of unreflective prejudices and 'phobias'.

In this chapter I will therefore avoid the term 'Islamophobia' and instead speak of anti-Muslim sentiments or discourses (...)

Jocelyne Cesari, Introduction: Use Of The Term “Islamophobia” In European Societies. In: Securitization and Religious Divides in Europe: Muslims in Western Europe after 9/11 - Why the term Islamophobia is more a predicament than an explanation, ed. J. Cesari, 5 - 9. Challenge Project Report: The Changing Landscape of Citizenship and Security, 6th PCRD of the European Commission 2005, p. 5:

academics are still debating the legitimacy of the term

Nick Haslam, Bigots are just sick at heart, The Australian, December 17, 2008:

Homophobic, xenophobic and Islamophobic should be seen [...] as ways of brushing aside opinions we dislike by invalidating the people who hold them. It could be argued that none of this matters. Perhaps calling attitudes phobias is meant as harmless metaphor, not as literal diagnosis. But words have consequences, and the consequences of pathologising social attitudes include moral arrogance, invalidation and backlash. These disorders close the door on dialogue. Let's cure our language of them.

David Goodhart, Open letter to Tariq Ramadan, Prospect Magazine June 30, 2007:

The ideology of Islamophobia is a mixture of exaggeration (see Kenan Malik’s work on this subject) and a sort of perverted utopianism that interprets the initial suspicion (and sometimes even hostility) towards strangers found in all cultures as proof of deep hatred of a particular religion.

Kenan Malik, The Islamophobia Myth, Prospect Magazine February 2005:

The trouble with Islamophobia is that it is an irrational concept. It confuses hatred of, and discrimination against, Muslims on the one hand with criticism of Islam on the other. The charge of 'Islamophobia' is all too often used not to highlight racism but to stifle criticism.

Pascal Bruckner, The invention of Islamophobia, (translated from:) Libération, November 23, 2010:

The term "Islamophobia" serves a number of functions: it denies the reality of an Islamic offensive in Europe all the better to justify it; it attacks secularism by equating it with fundamentalism. Above all, however, it wants to silence all those Muslims who question the Koran, who demand equality of the sexes, who claim the right to renounce religion, and who want to practice their faith freely and without submitting to the dictates of the bearded and doctrinaire.

Andrew Shryock, Introduction: Islam as an Object of Fear and Affection. In: Islamophobia/Islamophilia: Beyond the Politics of Enemy and Friend, Indiana University Press 2010, p.3:

Applying [the term 'Islamophobia'] is an exercise in negative characterization, a fact that makes [it] invaluable for political purposes, but potentially misleading for analytical and interpretive ones. When seen as a condition akin to homophobia, Islamophobia is something one should denounce, or treat, or cure.

Brendan O'Neill, Hands up if you’re suffering from Islamofatigue, Spiked, January 30, 2007

In fact, Islamophobia is a myth, an invention by groups keen to play the victim card against what they view as a seething white mob of Muslim-haters.

Frank Furedi, Really Bad Ideas: Phobias, Spiked, May 21, 2007:

[T]he labelling of someone’s speech, attitude or behaviour as a phobia closes down discussion (...) Today, promoting the concept of Islamophobia is about setting up Islam as a criticism-free zone.

Bassam Tibi, Islamism and Islam, Yale University Press 2012, p. 29:

The Islamists have succeeded in defaming their critics as "Islamophobic" and pushing forward their narrative that Islam is under siege and Muslims are victims.

Alan Johnson, The Idea of ‘Islamophobia’, World Affairs online, March 6, 2011:

The idea of “Islamophobia” helps to create an environment in which the Islamists’ narrative thrives. It encourages identity politics, hampers integration, and stokes the grievance culture.

Alison Pargeter, The New Frontiers of Jihad: Radical Islam in Europe, University of Pennsylvania Press 2008, page 198:

Indeed Islamophobia appears to have become a catch-all word and is cited as the reason even for socio-economic problems that are generally associated with being from an immigrant community.