Jump to content

Electrona (fish): Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Jurzi (talk | contribs)
188 edits
Deleted a description of their otholiths that the previous author seemingly used as description of the morphology of the fish. Far too technical.
Jurzi (talk | contribs)
188 edits
mNo edit summary
Line 45: Line 45:


== Distribution & Ecology ==
== Distribution & Ecology ==
''Electrona'' can be found throughout the world. Their dispersion is dependent on the balance between current-mediated larval dispersal and adult active homing behavior.<ref name="High genetic diversity and connectivity in a common mesopelagic fish of the Southern Ocean: The myctophid Electrona antarctica">"ScienceDirect". High genetic diversity and connectivity in a common mesopelagic fish of the Southern Ocean: The myctophid Electrona antarctica, 2012. Web 3 November 2013. <http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064511001378></ref> They are widespread in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic Oceans. They can also be found in the Mediterranean. A warm water species generally lives in the subtropical areas. ''E. rissoi'' is the only species that is found north of the Southern Ocean.<ref name="Furlani"/> ''E. antarctica'' mainly inhabits the Antarctic deep, warm waters.<ref name="Turchini">, Giovanni, T.M, Wing-Keong Ng, Douglas Redford Tocher. "Fish Oil Replacement and Alternative Lipid Sources in Aquaculture Feeds">"Alternative Marine Resources". Fish Oil Replacement and Alternative Lipid Sources in Aquaculture Feeds, 2011.</ref> ''E. carlsbergii'' inhabits the water south of the Antarctica convergence to the Antarctic coast, and between the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic convergences.<ref name="Turchini"/> Larval forms of many deep-water species are found to inhabit inshore waters.<ref name="Nambiar">A.R. Nambiar."Marine Ecosystem".Marine Ecosystem-A Quaterly Newsletter Vol. 5, 2006. Web 3 November 2013. <http://www.dgukenvis.nic.in/newsletters/Newsletter14.pdf></ref> Migration patterns vary between different species, size groups, life history stages, sex, latitude, time and season.<ref name="Nambiar"/>
''Electrona'' can be found throughout the world. Their dispersion is dependent on the balance between current-mediated larval dispersal and adult active homing behavior.<ref name="High genetic diversity and connectivity in a common mesopelagic fish of the Southern Ocean: The myctophid Electrona antarctica">"ScienceDirect". High genetic diversity and connectivity in a common mesopelagic fish of the Southern Ocean: The myctophid Electrona antarctica, 2012. Web 3 November 2013. <http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064511001378></ref> They are widespread in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic Oceans. They can also be found in the Mediterranean. A warm water species generally lives in the subtropical areas. ''E. rissoi'' is the only species that is found north of the Southern Ocean.''E. antarctica'' mainly inhabits the Antarctic deep, warm waters.<ref name="Turchini">, Giovanni, T.M, Wing-Keong Ng, Douglas Redford Tocher. "Fish Oil Replacement and Alternative Lipid Sources in Aquaculture Feeds">"Alternative Marine Resources". Fish Oil Replacement and Alternative Lipid Sources in Aquaculture Feeds, 2011.</ref> ''E. carlsbergii'' inhabits the water south of the Antarctica convergence to the Antarctic coast, and between the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic convergences.<ref name="Turchini"/> Larval forms of many deep-water species are found to inhabit inshore waters.<ref name="Nambiar">A.R. Nambiar."Marine Ecosystem".Marine Ecosystem-A Quaterly Newsletter Vol. 5, 2006. Web 3 November 2013. <http://www.dgukenvis.nic.in/newsletters/Newsletter14.pdf></ref> Migration patterns vary between different species, size groups, life history stages, sex, latitude, time and season.<ref name="Nambiar"/>


==Diet==
==Diet==

Revision as of 20:19, 16 December 2013

Electrona
Temporal range: 11–0 Ma
Late Miocene to Present[1]
Electric Lanternfish (E. risso)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Actinopterygii
Order:
Myctophiformes
Family:
Myctophidae
Genus:
Electrona

Species

See text.

Electrona is a genus of lanternfishes in the family Myctophidae.

Species

There are currently five recognized species in this genus:[2][3]

Physical Description

Electrona lanternfishes are small, discoid fishes.

Distribution & Ecology

Electrona can be found throughout the world. Their dispersion is dependent on the balance between current-mediated larval dispersal and adult active homing behavior.[4] They are widespread in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic Oceans. They can also be found in the Mediterranean. A warm water species generally lives in the subtropical areas. E. rissoi is the only species that is found north of the Southern Ocean.E. antarctica mainly inhabits the Antarctic deep, warm waters.[5] E. carlsbergii inhabits the water south of the Antarctica convergence to the Antarctic coast, and between the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic convergences.[5] Larval forms of many deep-water species are found to inhabit inshore waters.[6] Migration patterns vary between different species, size groups, life history stages, sex, latitude, time and season.[6]

Diet

These fish are known to exhibit diel vertical migrations, where they concentrate between 400–1000 m.[6] During the night, they migrate to the surface between 5–100 m. These diel vertical migrations are primarily performed for feeding on zooplankton in order to avoid predators.[6]

Reproduction

Electrona have a low fecundity. Females produce eggs the size of 0.7-0.9 nm.[6] Spawning of some species may occur any time during the year. In the Arabian Sea, fish spawn during all seasons but significantly increases during monsoon transition periods (March–June and September–November).[6] The larva exhibit diversity with their shape not similar to the adult and the larvae have a highly stalked eye and trailing intestine.

References

  1. ^ Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: p.560. Retrieved 2008-01-08. {{cite journal}}: |pages= has extra text (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  2. ^ "Animal Diversity Web". Electrona, 2012. Web 3 November 2013. <http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Electrona/classification/>
  3. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Electrona". FishBase. April 2012 version.
  4. ^ "ScienceDirect". High genetic diversity and connectivity in a common mesopelagic fish of the Southern Ocean: The myctophid Electrona antarctica, 2012. Web 3 November 2013. <http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064511001378>
  5. ^ a b , Giovanni, T.M, Wing-Keong Ng, Douglas Redford Tocher. "Fish Oil Replacement and Alternative Lipid Sources in Aquaculture Feeds">"Alternative Marine Resources". Fish Oil Replacement and Alternative Lipid Sources in Aquaculture Feeds, 2011.
  6. ^ a b c d e f A.R. Nambiar."Marine Ecosystem".Marine Ecosystem-A Quaterly Newsletter Vol. 5, 2006. Web 3 November 2013. <http://www.dgukenvis.nic.in/newsletters/Newsletter14.pdf>
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electrona_(fish)&oldid=586388850"