Great Lakes boreal wolf: Difference between revisions
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| species = '''''C. lupus''''' x '''''C. lycaon''''' |
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'''Great Lakes boreal wolf''' is an informal term used to describe [[canid hybrid]]s between [[Gray wolf|gray wolves]] and [[Eastern wolf|eastern wolves]] and possibly [[coyotes]] to mild extents. Introgression of gray wolf genes into eastern wolf populations has occurred across northern [[Ontario]], into [[Manitoba]] and [[Quebec]], as well as into the western [[Great Lakes]] states of [[Minnesota]], [[Wisconsin]], and [[Michigan]].<ref name=rutledge2>Rutledge, L. Y. (May 2010). ''Evolutionary origins, social structure, and hybridization of the eastern wolf (''Canis lycaon'')'', [thesis], Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada</ref> While gray wolves do not |
'''Great Lakes boreal wolf''' is an informal term used to describe [[canid hybrid]]s between [[Gray wolf|gray wolves]] and [[Eastern wolf|eastern wolves]] and possibly [[coyotes]] to mild extents. Introgression of gray wolf genes into eastern wolf populations has occurred across northern [[Ontario]], into [[Manitoba]] and [[Quebec]], as well as into the western [[Great Lakes]] states of [[Minnesota]], [[Wisconsin]], and [[Michigan]].<ref name=rutledge2>Rutledge, L. Y. (May 2010). ''Evolutionary origins, social structure, and hybridization of the eastern wolf (''Canis lycaon'')'', [thesis], Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada</ref> Introgressions of coyotes into eastern wolf populations have also occurred in southern Ontario, Quebec, and all over the Great Lakes states. While gray wolves in the northern states do not directly mate with coyotes, it was long suspected that the eastern wolves who mixed with the gray wolves in the boreal forests may have also had coyote introgressions from past hybridizations with earlier coyote populations thus resulting with the coyote genes transmitted into the Great Lakes boreal wolves who in turn have the ability to further transmit these coyote genes into other gray wolf populations. <ref>http://www.fwspubs.org/doi/pdf/10.3996/nafa.77.0001</ref> |
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The boreal wolf is 25% larger than a pure eastern wolf, and typically has a similarly colored gray-fawn coat but, unlike the eastern wolf, can also be black, cream, or white. It also specalises on larger prey such as [[moose]] and [[reindeer]] rather than [[white-tailed deer]]. Unlike pure eastern wolves, Great Lakes boreal wolves primarily inhabit [[Taiga|boreal]] rather than [[deciduous]] forests.<ref name=chambers>{{cite journal |title=An account of the taxonomy of North American wolves from morphological and genetic analyses |authors=Chambers SM, Fain SR, Fazio B, Amaral M |year=2012 |journal=North American Fauna |volume=77 |pages=1–67 |url=http://www.fwspubs.org/doi/pdf/10.3996/nafa.77.0001 |accessdate=2013-07-02 }}</ref> |
The boreal wolf is 25% larger than a pure eastern wolf, and typically has a similarly colored gray-fawn coat but, unlike the eastern wolf, can also be black, cream, or white. It also specalises on larger prey such as [[moose]] and [[reindeer]] rather than [[white-tailed deer]]. Unlike pure eastern wolves, Great Lakes boreal wolves primarily inhabit [[Taiga|boreal]] rather than [[deciduous]] forests.<ref name=chambers>{{cite journal |title=An account of the taxonomy of North American wolves from morphological and genetic analyses |authors=Chambers SM, Fain SR, Fazio B, Amaral M |year=2012 |journal=North American Fauna |volume=77 |pages=1–67 |url=http://www.fwspubs.org/doi/pdf/10.3996/nafa.77.0001 |accessdate=2013-07-02 }}</ref> |
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Revision as of 18:25, 31 May 2014
| Great Lakes boreal wolf | |
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| Gray wolf (C. lupus) | |
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| Eastern wolf (C. lycaon) | |
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| Species: | C. lupus x C. lycaon
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Great Lakes boreal wolf is an informal term used to describe canid hybrids between gray wolves and eastern wolves and possibly coyotes to mild extents. Introgression of gray wolf genes into eastern wolf populations has occurred across northern Ontario, into Manitoba and Quebec, as well as into the western Great Lakes states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan.[1] Introgressions of coyotes into eastern wolf populations have also occurred in southern Ontario, Quebec, and all over the Great Lakes states. While gray wolves in the northern states do not directly mate with coyotes, it was long suspected that the eastern wolves who mixed with the gray wolves in the boreal forests may have also had coyote introgressions from past hybridizations with earlier coyote populations thus resulting with the coyote genes transmitted into the Great Lakes boreal wolves who in turn have the ability to further transmit these coyote genes into other gray wolf populations. [2]
The boreal wolf is 25% larger than a pure eastern wolf, and typically has a similarly colored gray-fawn coat but, unlike the eastern wolf, can also be black, cream, or white. It also specalises on larger prey such as moose and reindeer rather than white-tailed deer. Unlike pure eastern wolves, Great Lakes boreal wolves primarily inhabit boreal rather than deciduous forests.[3]
References
- ^ Rutledge, L. Y. (May 2010). Evolutionary origins, social structure, and hybridization of the eastern wolf (Canis lycaon), [thesis], Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
- ^ http://www.fwspubs.org/doi/pdf/10.3996/nafa.77.0001
- ^ "An account of the taxonomy of North American wolves from morphological and genetic analyses". North American Fauna. 77: 1–67. 2012. Retrieved 2013-07-02.
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External links
Great Lakes boreal wolf (Canis lupus x lycaon), Wolf and Coyote DNA Bank @ Trent University