Bach's Missa of 1733: Difference between revisions
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#redirect[[Bach's church music in Latin#Missa in B minor, BWV 232a]] |
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{{Infobox Bach composition |
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| title = {{lang|la|Missa}} |
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| noitalic = y |
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| bwv = 232a |
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| type = [[Missa (Bach)|Short mass]] |
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| image = Dresden Sophienkirche Lithographie.jpg |
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| caption = [[Sophienkirche, Dresden]], possibly the location of the first performance |
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| related = {{Plainlist | |
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* base for [[BWV 191]] |
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* base for [[Mass in B minor structure|Mass in B minor]] |
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}} |
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| composed = {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|1733}}|location=[[Leipzig]]}} |
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| performed = {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|1733}}|location=[[Dresden]]}} |
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| text = [[Kyrie]] and [[Gloria in Excelsis Deo|Gloria]] |
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| movements = 12 in 2 parts (3, 9) |
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| vocal = [[SATB|{{abbr|S|soprano}}{{abbr|S|soprano}}{{abbr|A|alto}}{{abbr|T|tenor}}{{abbr|B|bass}}]] choir and solo |
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| instrumental = {{hlist | 3 [[trumpet]]s | [[timpani]] | [[Horn (instrument)|horn]] | 2 [[flauto traverso]] | 2 [[oboe]]s | 2 [[oboe d'amore|oboes d'amore]] | 2 [[bassoon]]s | 2 [[violin]]s | [[viola]] | [[basso continuo|continuo]] }} |
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}} |
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The '''Missa''' in [[B minor]], '''BWV 232a''', by [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] is a setting of two parts of the Latin [[Mass (music)|mass]], ''[[Kyrie]]'' and ''[[Gloria in Excelsis Deo|Gloria]]''. Bach composed the two sections, each in several movements, in [[Leipzig]] in 1733 for the court in [[Dresden]]. It is also known as '''''Missa 1733'''''. Bach later derived cantata [[Gloria in excelsis Deo, BWV 191|''Gloria in excelsis Deo'', BWV 191]], from three movements of the ''Gloria'' (1745) and included both ''Kyrie'' and ''Gloria'' unchanged into his [[Mass in B minor structure|Mass in B minor]], BWV 232. |
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== History == |
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Bach was a [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] church musician, devoted to the composition of sacred music in German. He wrote more than 200 [[Bach cantata|cantata]]s for the liturgy, most of them in [[Leipzig]]. In 1724 he composed a [[Sanctus]] for Christmas, which he later integrated into his [[Mass in B minor structure|Mass in B minor]].<ref name="steinitz" /> In 1733 he composed a ''[[Missa (Bach)|Missa]]'', a setting of ''[[Kyrie]]'' and ''[[Gloria in Excelsis Deo|Gloria]]'', for the court of Dresden, the ''Kyrie'' as a lament for the death of [[Augustus the Strong]], King of Poland and Elector of Saxony, who had died on 1 February 1733 (he had been received into the [[Catholicism|Catholic Church]] in order to ascend the throne of Poland in 1697.) The ''Gloria'' was to celebrate his successor, later [[Augustus III of Poland]]. Bach presented parts of the works to Augustus with a note dated 27 July 1733, in the hope of obtaining the title, "Electoral Saxon Court Composer", complaining that he had "innocently suffered one injury or another" in [[Leipzig]].<ref>An English translation of the letter is given in Hans T. David and Arthur Mendel, ''The Bach Reader: A Life of Johann Sebastian Bach in Letters and Documents'', W. W. Norton & Company, 1945, p. 128. (Also in "The New Bach Reader: A Life of Johann Sebastian Bach in Letters and Documents" revised by Christoph Wolff, W. W. Norton & Co Inc, 1998, ISBN 978-0-393-04558-1 , p. 158.)</ref> The works were performed in 1733, most likely at the Sophienkirche in Dresden, where Bach's son [[Wilhelm Friedemann Bach]] had been organist since June,<ref>The details added in this section are from Christoph Wolff "Bach", III, 7 (§8), ''[[Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians|Grove Music Online]]'' ed., L. Macy. http://www.grovemusic.com/ . Last accessed August 9, 2007.</ref> though not in the presence of their dedicatees. |
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Later, Bach used three movements of this [[Gloria in excelsis Deo|Gloria]] to compose his cantata [[Gloria in excelsis Deo, BWV 191|''Gloria in excelsis Deo'', BWV 191]], possibly for a performance in 1745.<ref name="steinitz" /> Bach integrated the complete Missa unchanged in his Mass in B minor, his only complete mass (or ''missa tota'').<ref name="laurson" /> Scoring and structure are identical with the later work. |
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Bach described the piece as "an insignificant product of the skill I have attained in music." [[Hans Georg Nägeli]] described the work, in 1818, as "the greatest musical art work of all times and nations."<ref name="WDL">{{cite web |url = http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11619/ |title = Missa in B Minor ("Kyrie" and "Gloria" of the B Minor Mass) |website = [[World Digital Library]] |year = 1733 |accessdate = 2013-08-08 }}</ref> |
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== References == |
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{{reflist |
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| refs = |
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<ref name="steinitz"> |
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{{cite web |
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| last = Steinitz |
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| first = Margaret |
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| url = http://www.aucx96.dsl.pipex.com/Lbsdb/LBSDB_LC_INTRO.html |
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| title = Bach's Latin Church Music |
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| accessdate = 16 September 2010 |
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| publisher = [[London Bach Society]] |
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}} |
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</ref> |
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<ref name="laurson"> |
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{{cite web |
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| last = Laurson |
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| first = Jens F. |
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| url = http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2009/Aug09/Bach_Missa_2564690571.htm |
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| title = Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750) / Missa (1733) |
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| publisher = musicweb-international.com |
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| year = 2009 |
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| accessdate = 12 February 2013 |
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}} |
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</ref> |
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}} |
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== Sources == |
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* {{IMSLP2|id=Mass in B minor, BWV 232 (Bach, Johann Sebastian)|Mass in B minor, BWV 232}} |
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* [http://www.bach-cantatas.com/BWV232.htm Missa BWV 232]: history, scoring, sources for text and music, translations to various languages, discography, discussion, ''bach-cantatas'' website |
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== External links == |
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* [http://www.kulturradio.de/programm/sendungen/130210/konzert_am_sonntagabend_2004.html Johann Sebastian Bach / Missa h-Moll, 1733 BWV 232a: Kyrie Gloria] kulturradio.de 10 February 2013 |
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{{Johann Sebastian Bach}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Missa Bwv 232a}} |
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[[Category:Compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach]] |
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[[Category:Masses (music)]] |
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[[Category:1733 compositions]] |
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[[Category:World Digital Library related]] |
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