Violence against men: Difference between revisions
→Violent crime: removing obvious original research - its difficult to work out how the editor came to that conclusion from these tables. |
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==Sexual violence== |
==Sexual violence== |
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In [[armed conflict]], [[sexual violence]] is committed by men against men as [[psychological warfare]] in order to [[Demoralization (warfare)|humiliate]] the enemy. The practice dates back to [[Ancient Persia]] and the [[Crusades]].<ref>{{cite web | last = Sivakumaran | first = Sandesh | title = Sexual Violence Against Men in Armed Conflict | publisher = School of Law, University of Nottingham | year = 2007 | url = http://ejil.oxfordjournals.org/content/18/2/253.short}}</ref> [[International criminal law]] does not recognize gender based sexual violence against men and treats it as [[war crime]] or [[torture]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The invisibility of gender violence in International Criminal Law - addressing sexual violence against men and women in conflict|url=http://www.transconflict.com/2015/02/the-invisibility-of-gender-violence-in-international-criminal-law-addressing-sexual-violence-against-men-and-women-in-conflict-182/|work=TransConflict|accessdate=February 18, 2015|date=February 18, 2015}}</ref> In one study, less than 3% of organizations that address rape as a weapon of war, mention men or provide services to male victims.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rape as a Weapon of War: Men Suffer, Too|url=http://world.time.com/2011/08/03/rape-as-a-weapon-of-war-men-suffer-too/|work=TIME|accessdate=August 3, 2011|date=August 3, 2011}}</ref> The [[Conspiracy of silence (expression)|culture of silence]] around this issue often leaves men with no support.<ref>{{cite web | title = HEALTH: Rape as a "weapon of war" against men | publisher = Irin News | year = 2011 | url = http://www.irinnews.org/report/93960/health-rape-as-a-weapon-of-war-against-men}}</ref> |
In [[armed conflict]], [[sexual violence]] is committed by men against men as [[psychological warfare]] in order to [[Demoralization (warfare)|humiliate]] the enemy. The practice dates back to [[Ancient Persia]] and the [[Crusades]].<ref>{{cite web | last = Sivakumaran | first = Sandesh | title = Sexual Violence Against Men in Armed Conflict | publisher = School of Law, University of Nottingham | year = 2007 | url = http://ejil.oxfordjournals.org/content/18/2/253.short}}</ref> [[International criminal law]] does not recognize gender based sexual violence against men and treats it as [[war crime]] or [[torture]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The invisibility of gender violence in International Criminal Law - addressing sexual violence against men and women in conflict|url=http://www.transconflict.com/2015/02/the-invisibility-of-gender-violence-in-international-criminal-law-addressing-sexual-violence-against-men-and-women-in-conflict-182/|work=TransConflict|accessdate=February 18, 2015|date=February 18, 2015}}</ref> In one study, less than 3% of organizations that address rape as a weapon of war, mention men or provide services to male victims.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rape as a Weapon of War: Men Suffer, Too|url=http://world.time.com/2011/08/03/rape-as-a-weapon-of-war-men-suffer-too/|work=TIME|accessdate=August 3, 2011|date=August 3, 2011}}</ref> The [[Conspiracy of silence (expression)|culture of silence]] around this issue often leaves men with no support.<ref>{{cite web | title = HEALTH: Rape as a "weapon of war" against men | publisher = Irin News | year = 2011 | url = http://www.irinnews.org/report/93960/health-rape-as-a-weapon-of-war-against-men}}</ref> |
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In India, a 2007 study by the [[Ministry of Women and Child Development (India)|Ministry of Women and Child Development]] reported that more boys than girls were victims of sexual abuse.<ref name=IndiaStudy2007>{{Cite web|url=http://wcd.nic.in/childabuse.pdf |format=PDF|title=Study on Child Abuse: India 2007 |publisher=Published by the Government of India, (Ministry of Women and Child Development)}}</ref> |
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Males are also subjected to widespread ritual genital mutilation as infants in the [[Prevalence of circumcision|United States and elsewhere]]. Some evidence exists for health benefits of such procedures, but no sufficiently broad study demonstrates these outcomes in developed nations. |
Males are also subjected to widespread ritual genital mutilation as infants in the [[Prevalence of circumcision|United States and elsewhere]]. Some evidence exists for health benefits of such procedures, but no sufficiently broad study demonstrates these outcomes in developed nations. |
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Revision as of 12:28, 28 February 2015
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Violence against men is any act of violence that targets men or boys primarily or exclusively. Although the motives for violence are similar regardless of gender, violence against men is more frequent[1] than violence against other groups. Although men are mostly responsible for committing violent acts, the violence is directed disproportionately toward other men.[2][3] Sexual violence against men is treated differently in any given society and is often unrecognized by international law.[4]
Domestic violence
Men who are victims of domestic violence are often reluctant to report it or to seek help. As with other forms of violence against men, intimate partner violence is generally less recognized in society when the victims are men.[5] As a result, very often there are no shelters available for male victims of violence.
Sexual violence
In armed conflict, sexual violence is committed by men against men as psychological warfare in order to humiliate the enemy. The practice dates back to Ancient Persia and the Crusades.[6] International criminal law does not recognize gender based sexual violence against men and treats it as war crime or torture.[7] In one study, less than 3% of organizations that address rape as a weapon of war, mention men or provide services to male victims.[8] The culture of silence around this issue often leaves men with no support.[9]
Males are also subjected to widespread ritual genital mutilation as infants in the United States and elsewhere. Some evidence exists for health benefits of such procedures, but no sufficiently broad study demonstrates these outcomes in developed nations.
In 2012, the Federal Bureau of Investigation redefined their definition of "forcible rape" to include men.[10]
Self-directed violence
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), each year more people die from suicide than from conflicts, wars and natural disasters combined.[11] Worldwide, men are three to four times more likely to kill themselves than women.[12]
References
- ^ Felson, Richard (2002). Violence and gender reexamined. American Psychological Association. p. abstract. ISBN 1557988951.
- ^ "The Surprising Truth About Women and Violence". TIME. June 25, 2014. Retrieved June 25, 2014.
- ^ "Our attitude to violence against men is out of date". The Telegraph. April 9, 2014. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
- ^ Lewis, Dustin (2009). "Unrecognized Victims: Sexual Violence Against Men in Conflict Settings Under International Law". Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict (PILAC).
- ^ Das Dasgupta, Shamita (November 2002). "A Framework for Understanding Women's Use of Nonlethal Violence in Intimate Heterosexual Relationships". Violence Against Women. 8 (11): 1364–1389. doi:10.1177/107780102237408. Retrieved July 2, 2014. (subscription required)
- ^ Sivakumaran, Sandesh (2007). "Sexual Violence Against Men in Armed Conflict". School of Law, University of Nottingham.
- ^ "The invisibility of gender violence in International Criminal Law - addressing sexual violence against men and women in conflict". TransConflict. February 18, 2015. Retrieved February 18, 2015.
- ^ "Rape as a Weapon of War: Men Suffer, Too". TIME. August 3, 2011. Retrieved August 3, 2011.
- ^ "HEALTH: Rape as a "weapon of war" against men". Irin News. 2011.
- ^ U.S. to Expand Rape Definition in Crime Statistics (New York Times, January 6, 2012)
- ^ "More People Die from Suicide Than From Wars, Natural Disasters Combined". Voice of America. September 4, 2014. Retrieved September 4, 2014.
- ^ Meier, Marshall B. Clinard, Robert F. (2008). Sociology of deviant behavior (14th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. p. 169. ISBN 978-0-495-81167-1.
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