Karoo-Ferrar: Difference between revisions
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| title = Flood basalts, continental breakup and the dispersal of Gondwana: evidence for periodic migration of upwelling mantle flows (plumes) |
| title = Flood basalts, continental breakup and the dispersal of Gondwana: evidence for periodic migration of upwelling mantle flows (plumes) |
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| year = 2002 | journal = European Geosciences Union. Stephan Mueller Special Publication Series, 2 | pages = 171–191 |
| year = 2002 | journal = European Geosciences Union. Stephan Mueller Special Publication Series, 2 | pages = 171–191 |
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| url = http://www.stephan-mueller-spec-publ-ser.net/2/171/2002/smsps-2-171-2002.pdf | accessdate = August 2015}}</ref> It formed just prior to the breakup of [[Gondwana]] in the [[Lower Jurassic]] epoch, about 183 million years ago; this timing corresponds to the [[Anoxic event#Jurassic and Cretaceous|early Toarcian anoxic event]] and the [[Toarcian turnover|Pliensbachian-Toarcian extinction]]. The total original volume of the flow, which extends over a distance in excess of 6000 km (4000 km in Antarctica alone), was in excess of 2.5 x 10<sup>6</sup> km³.<ref>{{Cite journal |
| url = http://www.stephan-mueller-spec-publ-ser.net/2/171/2002/smsps-2-171-2002.pdf | accessdate = August 2015}}</ref> It formed just prior to the breakup of [[Gondwana]] in the [[Lower Jurassic]] epoch, about 183 million years ago; this timing corresponds to the [[Anoxic event#Jurassic and Cretaceous|early Toarcian anoxic event]] and the [[Toarcian turnover|Pliensbachian-Toarcian extinction]]. The total original volume of the flow, which extends over a distance in excess of 6000 km (4000 km in Antarctica alone), was in excess of 2.5 x 10<sup>6</sup> km³ (2.5 million cubic kilometres).<ref>{{Cite journal |
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| last1 = Courtillot | first1 = V. E. |
| last1 = Courtillot | first1 = V. E. |
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| last2 = Renne | first2 = P. R. |
| last2 = Renne | first2 = P. R. |
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Revision as of 11:15, 21 October 2015
Karoo and Ferrar denote a major geologic province consisting of flood basalt, which mostly covers South Africa and Antarctica, although portions extend further into southern Africa and into South America, India, Australia and New Zealand.[1] It formed just prior to the breakup of Gondwana in the Lower Jurassic epoch, about 183 million years ago; this timing corresponds to the early Toarcian anoxic event and the Pliensbachian-Toarcian extinction. The total original volume of the flow, which extends over a distance in excess of 6000 km (4000 km in Antarctica alone), was in excess of 2.5 x 106 km³ (2.5 million cubic kilometres).[2]
See also
References
- ^ See Figure 5, p 176 in Segev, A. (2002). "Flood basalts, continental breakup and the dispersal of Gondwana: evidence for periodic migration of upwelling mantle flows (plumes)" (PDF). European Geosciences Union. Stephan Mueller Special Publication Series, 2: 171–191. Retrieved August 2015.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help) - ^ Courtillot, V. E.; Renne, P. R. (2003). "On the ages of flood basalt events (Sur l'âge des trapps basaltiques)" (PDF). Comptes Rendus Geoscience. 335 (1): 113–140. doi:10.1016/S1631-0713(03)00006-3. Retrieved August 2015.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help)
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