Sindhi workies: Difference between revisions
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'''Sindhi workies''', |
'''Sindhi workies''', (''alternatively'' '''Sindworkis''' ''or'' '''Sindwork merchants''', ({{lang-sd|سِنڌُ وَرِڪِي}} ; {{lang-ur|سندھ ورکی}} ; {{lang-hi|सिंधवर्की}}), were wealthy Hindu traders and merchants from the [[Sindh]] region of [[Presidencies and provinces of British India|British India]]. This merchant class rapidly gained prominence during the [[British Raj|British rule of India]] and spread their businesses overseas to places as far as [[Malta]], [[South Africa]] and [[Singapore]]. |
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Sindhi workies were amongst the first |
Many of the Sindhi workies were from the [[Bhaiband]] merchant caste, and to some degree the [[Amils]], who were based and lived in [[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad]]. They established their businesses on the supply of traditional Sindhi arts and crafts, collectively known as ''Sindhi work'' or ''Sindwork'', particularly in the British and European markets.<ref name="Cosmopolitan">Cosmopolitan Connections: The Sindhi Diaspora, 1860-2000, Vol. 9 of International Comparative Social Studies. Falzon, Mark-Anthony. BRILL, 2004. ISBN=9004140085</ref> The Sindhi workies were amongst the first Indian traders to establish business outside of India, particularly in places where the British had influence.<ref name="sindhi">Sindhi Diaspora in Manila, Hong Kong, and Jakarta. Thapan, Anita Raina. Ateneo University Press, 2002. ISBN=971550406X</ref> |
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Due to the nature of their business, the men traditionally spent only six months at home in Hyderabad |
Due to the nature of their business, the men traditionally spent only six months at home in Hyderabad, while up to two-and-a-half to three years abroad.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://panhwar.com/Books_By_Sani/THE%20SINDH%20STORY.pdf|title=The Sindh Story|first=Kewalram Ratanmal|last=Malkani|authorlink=K. R. Malkani|date=1984|publisher=Allied Publishers Limited}}</ref> |
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==Sindhi work== |
==Sindhi work== |
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Revision as of 13:35, 21 December 2015
Sindhi workies, (alternatively Sindworkis or Sindwork merchants, (Sindhi: سِنڌُ وَرِڪِي ; Urdu: سندھ ورکی ; Hindi: सिंधवर्की), were wealthy Hindu traders and merchants from the Sindh region of British India. This merchant class rapidly gained prominence during the British rule of India and spread their businesses overseas to places as far as Malta, South Africa and Singapore.
Many of the Sindhi workies were from the Bhaiband merchant caste, and to some degree the Amils, who were based and lived in Hyderabad. They established their businesses on the supply of traditional Sindhi arts and crafts, collectively known as Sindhi work or Sindwork, particularly in the British and European markets.[1] The Sindhi workies were amongst the first Indian traders to establish business outside of India, particularly in places where the British had influence.[2]
Due to the nature of their business, the men traditionally spent only six months at home in Hyderabad, while up to two-and-a-half to three years abroad.[3]
Sindhi work
Typical Sindhi works were actually produced by Muslim crafts people from the area of colonial India which is now Pakistan. These included printed and embroidery materials, silks, silverware, lacquer ware, pottery and jewellery.[2]
Hatta varnka
One of the unique characteristics of was hatta varnka, a secret code language developed for cash books and legers. Used only business and overseas communications, the purpose of it was to make the company's accounting unintelligible to revenue collectors thereby enabling tax evasion.[1]
See also
![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (September 2013) |
Bibliography
- The Global World of Indian Merchants, 1750-1947: Traders of Sind from Bukhara to Panama. Issue 6 of Cambridge Studies in Indian History and Society. Markovits, Claude. Cambridge University Press, 2000. ISBN 1139431277.
References
- ^ a b Cosmopolitan Connections: The Sindhi Diaspora, 1860-2000, Vol. 9 of International Comparative Social Studies. Falzon, Mark-Anthony. BRILL, 2004. ISBN=9004140085
- ^ a b Sindhi Diaspora in Manila, Hong Kong, and Jakarta. Thapan, Anita Raina. Ateneo University Press, 2002. ISBN=971550406X
- ^ Malkani, Kewalram Ratanmal (1984). The Sindh Story (PDF). Allied Publishers Limited.
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