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==History==
==History==


The foundations for the organization were laid in 1904, when Elizabeth Price Martin founded the Garden Club of Philadelphia. Among its founding members were author and gardener [[Helena Rutherfurd Ely]] (1858-1920) and Henrietta Marion Grew Crosby (1872-1957).<ref name=lyle>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/5549090/The-Crosbys-literatures-most-scandalous-couple.html|title=The Crosbys: literature's most scandalous couple|last=Lyle|first=Peter|date=19 Jun 2009 |publisher=Telegraph.co.uk|accessdate=29 March 2010 | location=London}}</ref> In 1913, twelve garden clubs from the eastern and central United States signed an agreement to form the Garden Guild, later to become The Garden Club of America.<ref name="GCA hx">{{cite web|url=http://www2.gcamerica.org/about-history.cfm|title=The Garden Club of America: a timeline|work=Garden Club of America website|publisher=Garden Club of America|accessdate=1 February 2012|location= New York, NY}}</ref> Among the cofounders and original vice-presidents was [[Louisa Boyd Yeomans King]] of Michigan.<ref name=begg>{{Citation|author-last1=Begg|author-first1=Virginia Lopez|contribution=King, Louisa Yeomans (Mrs. Francis)|editor-last1=Birnbaum|editor-first1=Charles A.|editor-last2=Crowder|editor-first2=Lisa E.|title=Pioneers of American Landscape Design: An Annotated Bibliography|pages=74–76|publisher=U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service|place=Washington, DC|year=1993|url=https://archive.org/details/pioneersofameric00nati|ref=harv}}</ref>
The foundations for the organization were laid in 1904, when Elizabeth Price Martin founded the Garden Club of Philadelphia. Among its founding members were author and gardener [[Helena Rutherfurd Ely]] (1858-1920) and Henrietta Marion Grew Crosby (1872-1957).<ref name=lyle>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/5549090/The-Crosbys-literatures-most-scandalous-couple.html|title=The Crosbys: literature's most scandalous couple|last=Lyle|first=Peter|date=19 Jun 2009 |publisher=Telegraph.co.uk|accessdate=29 March 2010 | location=London}}</ref> In 1913, twelve garden clubs from the eastern and central United States signed an agreement to form the Garden Guild, later to become The Garden Club of America.<ref name="GCA hx">{{cite web|url=http://www2.gcamerica.org/about-history.cfm |title=The Garden Club of America: a timeline |work=Garden Club of America website |publisher=Garden Club of America |accessdate=1 February 2012 |location=New York, NY |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311153655/http://www2.gcamerica.org:80/about-history.cfm |archivedate=11 March 2012 |df= }}</ref> Among the cofounders and original vice-presidents was [[Louisa Boyd Yeomans King]] of Michigan.<ref name=begg>{{Citation|author-last1=Begg|author-first1=Virginia Lopez|contribution=King, Louisa Yeomans (Mrs. Francis)|editor-last1=Birnbaum|editor-first1=Charles A.|editor-last2=Crowder|editor-first2=Lisa E.|title=Pioneers of American Landscape Design: An Annotated Bibliography|pages=74–76|publisher=U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service|place=Washington, DC|year=1993|url=https://archive.org/details/pioneersofameric00nati|ref=harv}}</ref>


==Objective==
==Objective==
The recording and preservation of the history of American gardens was an early objective, which saw the gathering of material throughout the 1920s and early 1930s, culminating in the publication of ''Gardens of Colony and State'' by Alice B. Lockwood. The book described gardens that had been in existence before the mid-19th century. At the same time, Garden Club members were instrumental in the recording of hundreds of gardens around the country by the use of [[lantern slide]]s. Much of the importance lies in the documenting of many gardens that no longer exist or that have fallen into disrepair.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gail Lee Dubrow, Jennifer B. Goodman|title=Restoring women's history through historic preservation|publisher=JHU Press|year=2003|pages=44–46|isbn=0-8018-7052-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R0s8SvjuVkIC&pg=PA44&dq=%22Garden+Club+of+America%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BGEmT4zjAY65iAee3tX8BA&ved=0CFYQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=%22Garden%20Club%20of%20America%22&f=false}}</ref> Much of this material has made its way into the [[Archives of American Gardens]], a unit of the Smithsonian Institution, where it has been stored since 1992.<ref name=AAGMission>{{cite web|title=Archives of American Gardens|url=http://gardens.si.edu/horticulture/res_ed/AAG/scope.htm|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|accessdate=9 February 2012}}</ref>
The recording and preservation of the history of American gardens was an early objective, which saw the gathering of material throughout the 1920s and early 1930s, culminating in the publication of ''Gardens of Colony and State'' by Alice B. Lockwood. The book described gardens that had been in existence before the mid-19th century. At the same time, Garden Club members were instrumental in the recording of hundreds of gardens around the country by the use of [[lantern slide]]s. Much of the importance lies in the documenting of many gardens that no longer exist or that have fallen into disrepair.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gail Lee Dubrow, Jennifer B. Goodman|title=Restoring women's history through historic preservation|publisher=JHU Press|year=2003|pages=44–46|isbn=0-8018-7052-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R0s8SvjuVkIC&pg=PA44&dq=%22Garden+Club+of+America%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BGEmT4zjAY65iAee3tX8BA&ved=0CFYQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=%22Garden%20Club%20of%20America%22&f=false}}</ref> Much of this material has made its way into the [[Archives of American Gardens]], a unit of the Smithsonian Institution, where it has been stored since 1992.<ref name=AAGMission>{{cite web|title=Archives of American Gardens |url=http://gardens.si.edu/horticulture/res_ed/AAG/scope.htm |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |accessdate=9 February 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100829175623/http://www.gardens.si.edu:80/horticulture/res_ed/AAG/scope.htm |archivedate=29 August 2010 |df= }}</ref>


Conservation has been another objective of The Garden Club of America, having promoted the preservation of California redwoods since the 1930s.<ref name="GCA hx"/> The club also gives out a $5000 scholarship annually for field research and study of wetlands in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ccrm.vims.edu/education/garden_club/index.html|title=Education: Garden Club of America Wetlands Scholarship|last=Center for Coastal Resources Management|year=2012|publisher=The College of William & Mary|accessdate=3 February 2012}}</ref>
Conservation has been another objective of The Garden Club of America, having promoted the preservation of California redwoods since the 1930s.<ref name="GCA hx"/> The club also gives out a $5000 scholarship annually for field research and study of wetlands in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ccrm.vims.edu/education/garden_club/index.html|title=Education: Garden Club of America Wetlands Scholarship|last=Center for Coastal Resources Management|year=2012|publisher=The College of William & Mary|accessdate=3 February 2012}}</ref>


A horticultural committee was established in 1933, and a former secretary promoted a horticultural display "Gardens on Parade" at the [[1939 New York World's Fair]]<ref name="GCA hx"/> The 18 local branches from [[Nebraska]], [[Iowa]], [[Minnesota]], [[Missouri]], [[Wisconsin]], and [[Illinois]] that form The Garden Club of America Zone XI support the American Flower Show Series which has been held at [[Chicago Botanic Garden]] since 1973.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagobotanic.org/circle/newsletter/letter_november10.html|title=President's Circle Newsletter November 2010|last=Siskel|first=Sophia|date=November 2010|publisher=Chicago Botanic Garden|accessdate=1 February 2012}}</ref>
A horticultural committee was established in 1933, and a former secretary promoted a horticultural display "Gardens on Parade" at the [[1939 New York World's Fair]]<ref name="GCA hx"/> The 18 local branches from [[Nebraska]], [[Iowa]], [[Minnesota]], [[Missouri]], [[Wisconsin]], and [[Illinois]] that form The Garden Club of America Zone XI support the American Flower Show Series which has been held at [[Chicago Botanic Garden]] since 1973.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagobotanic.org/circle/newsletter/letter_november10.html |title=President's Circle Newsletter November 2010 |last=Siskel |first=Sophia |date=November 2010 |publisher=Chicago Botanic Garden |accessdate=1 February 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928112824/http://www.chicagobotanic.org/circle/newsletter/letter_november10.html |archivedate=28 September 2013 |df= }}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 23:23, 7 January 2017

The Garden Club of America is a nonprofit organization made up of around 18,000 club members and 200 local garden clubs around the United States. Founded in 1913, by Elizabeth Price Martin and Ernestine Abercrombie Goodman,[1][2] it promotes the recording and enjoyment of American gardens as well as conservation and horticulture.

History

The foundations for the organization were laid in 1904, when Elizabeth Price Martin founded the Garden Club of Philadelphia. Among its founding members were author and gardener Helena Rutherfurd Ely (1858-1920) and Henrietta Marion Grew Crosby (1872-1957).[3] In 1913, twelve garden clubs from the eastern and central United States signed an agreement to form the Garden Guild, later to become The Garden Club of America.[4] Among the cofounders and original vice-presidents was Louisa Boyd Yeomans King of Michigan.[5]

Objective

The recording and preservation of the history of American gardens was an early objective, which saw the gathering of material throughout the 1920s and early 1930s, culminating in the publication of Gardens of Colony and State by Alice B. Lockwood. The book described gardens that had been in existence before the mid-19th century. At the same time, Garden Club members were instrumental in the recording of hundreds of gardens around the country by the use of lantern slides. Much of the importance lies in the documenting of many gardens that no longer exist or that have fallen into disrepair.[6] Much of this material has made its way into the Archives of American Gardens, a unit of the Smithsonian Institution, where it has been stored since 1992.[7]

Conservation has been another objective of The Garden Club of America, having promoted the preservation of California redwoods since the 1930s.[4] The club also gives out a $5000 scholarship annually for field research and study of wetlands in the United States.[8]

A horticultural committee was established in 1933, and a former secretary promoted a horticultural display "Gardens on Parade" at the 1939 New York World's Fair[4] The 18 local branches from Nebraska, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin, and Illinois that form The Garden Club of America Zone XI support the American Flower Show Series which has been held at Chicago Botanic Garden since 1973.[9]

References

  1. ^ Smith, Virginia A. (February 23, 2013). "The vigorous Garden Club of America". Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  2. ^ "About GCA". Garden Club of America website. New York, NY: Garden Club of America. Retrieved 30 January 2012.
  3. ^ Lyle, Peter (19 Jun 2009). "The Crosbys: literature's most scandalous couple". London: Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
  4. ^ a b c "The Garden Club of America: a timeline". Garden Club of America website. New York, NY: Garden Club of America. Archived from the original on 11 March 2012. Retrieved 1 February 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ Begg, Virginia Lopez (1993), "King, Louisa Yeomans (Mrs. Francis)", in Birnbaum, Charles A.; Crowder, Lisa E. (eds.), Pioneers of American Landscape Design: An Annotated Bibliography, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, pp. 74–76 {{citation}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  6. ^ Gail Lee Dubrow, Jennifer B. Goodman (2003). Restoring women's history through historic preservation. JHU Press. pp. 44–46. ISBN 0-8018-7052-6.
  7. ^ "Archives of American Gardens". Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on 29 August 2010. Retrieved 9 February 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ Center for Coastal Resources Management (2012). "Education: Garden Club of America Wetlands Scholarship". The College of William & Mary. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
  9. ^ Siskel, Sophia (November 2010). "President's Circle Newsletter November 2010". Chicago Botanic Garden. Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 1 February 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
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