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'''George Edward Backus''' (born May 24, 1930) is an American geophysicist,<ref name="institut-de-france"/> best known for his work with [[J. Freeman Gilbert]] on inverse methods for geophysical data.<ref>{{cite web|title=J. Freeman Gilbert Receives 1999 William Bowie Medal|publisher=American Geophysical Union|url=http://www.agu.org/about/honors/union/bowie/gilbert_jfreeman.shtml|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref> He is also notably credited with advancing the [[dynamo theory]] on the origin of the Earth's magnetic field.<ref>{{cite book|editor=David Gubbins|editor2=Emilio Herrero-Bervera|author1=Ashley P. Willis|author2=Art R.T. Jonkers|title=Encyclopedia of geomagnetism and paleomagnetism|pages=164 and 360|publisher=Springer|year=2007}}</ref>
'''George Edward Backus''' (born May 24, 1930) is an American geophysicist,<ref name="institut-de-france"/> best known for his work with [[J. Freeman Gilbert]] on inverse methods for geophysical data.<ref>{{cite web|title=J. Freeman Gilbert Receives 1999 William Bowie Medal|publisher=American Geophysical Union|url=http://www.agu.org/about/honors/union/bowie/gilbert_jfreeman.shtml|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref> He is also notably credited with advancing the [[dynamo theory]] on the origin of the Earth's magnetic field.<ref>{{cite book|editor=David Gubbins|editor2=Emilio Herrero-Bervera|author1=Ashley P. Willis|author2=Art R.T. Jonkers|title=Encyclopedia of geomagnetism and paleomagnetism|pages=164 and 360|publisher=Springer|year=2007}}</ref>


Born in [[Chicago]], Backus did his undergraduate and graduate training at the [[University of Chicago]], receiving a M.S. in mathematics in 1950 and a Ph.D. in physics in 1956.<ref>{{cite web|title=George E. Backus, Professor Emeritus |url=http://www-mpl.ucsd.edu/cg/people/gbackus.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724110137/http://www-mpl.ucsd.edu/cg/people/gbackus.html |archivedate=July 24, 2008 }}</ref> During 1957–1958 he worked as a physicist in [[Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory|Project Matterhorn]] in Princeton, then moving to [[MIT]] for two years as assistant professor of mathematics. In 1960 he moved to [[Scripps Institution of Oceanography]] and the associated [[University of California, San Diego]] where he has spent the rest of his career. Backus was professor of geophysics until 1994, and subsequently a research professor of geophysics.<ref name="institut-de-france">{{cite web|title=Backus, George Edward|url=http://www.institut-de-france.fr/franqueville/academiciens/backus.html|publisher=Institut de France|language=French|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref>
Born in [[Chicago]], Backus did his undergraduate and graduate training at the [[University of Chicago]], receiving a M.S. in mathematics in 1950 and a Ph.D. in physics in 1956.<ref>{{cite web|title=George E. Backus, Professor Emeritus |url=http://www-mpl.ucsd.edu/cg/people/gbackus.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724110137/http://www-mpl.ucsd.edu/cg/people/gbackus.html |archivedate=July 24, 2008 }}</ref> During 1957–1958 he worked as a physicist in [[Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory|Project Matterhorn]] in Princeton, then moving to [[MIT]] for two years as assistant professor of mathematics. In 1960 he moved to [[Scripps Institution of Oceanography]] and the associated [[University of California, San Diego]] where he has spent the rest of his career. Backus was professor of geophysics until 1994, and subsequently a research professor of geophysics.<ref name="institut-de-france">{{cite web|title=Backus, George Edward |url=http://www.institut-de-france.fr/franqueville/academiciens/backus.html |publisher=Institut de France |language=French |accessdate=10 September 2011 }}{{dead link|date=January 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


Backus is the winner of many awards, including the [[Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society]] (1986)<ref>{{cite web|title=Winners of the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society|publisher=Royal Astronomical Society|url=http://www.ras.org.uk/awards-and-grants/awards/268|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref> and the [[John Adam Fleming Medal]] of the [[American Geophysical Union]] (1986),<ref>{{cite web|title=Awards & Honors|publisher=American Geophysical Union|url=http://www.agu.org/sections/geomag/awards.html#fleming|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref> and he was elected a fellow of the American Geophysical Union (1967)<ref>{{cite web|title=AGU Fellows|publisher=American Geophysical Union|url=http://www.agu.org/about/honors/fellows/alphaall.php#B|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref> and of the [[John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation]] (1963 and 1970).<ref>{{cite web|title=Seven win Guggenheim Fellows|publisher=University of California, San Diego|url=http://libraries.ucsd.edu/historyofucsd/newsreleases/1970/19700417.html|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=George Edward Backus|publisher=John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation|url=http://www.gf.org/fellows/593-george-edward-backus|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref> He is an elected member of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]],<ref>{{cite report|title=Annual Report – Fiscal Year 1968–1969|publisher=National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering (National Research Council)|issue=1864|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9C4rAAAAYAAJ&q=%22george+edward+backus%22#v=snippet&q=%22george%20edward%20backus%22&f=false}}</ref> the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences: 1780–2011|chapter=Chapter B|page=23|chapterurl=http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterB.pdf}}</ref> and of the [[Académie des Sciences]] of France.<ref>{{cite web|title=History – 1990–2000: New Premises|publisher=Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics|url=http://igpp.ucsd.edu/about/history/1990}}</ref>
Backus is the winner of many awards, including the [[Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society]] (1986)<ref>{{cite web|title=Winners of the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society|publisher=Royal Astronomical Society|url=http://www.ras.org.uk/awards-and-grants/awards/268|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref> and the [[John Adam Fleming Medal]] of the [[American Geophysical Union]] (1986),<ref>{{cite web|title=Awards & Honors|publisher=American Geophysical Union|url=http://www.agu.org/sections/geomag/awards.html#fleming|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref> and he was elected a fellow of the American Geophysical Union (1967)<ref>{{cite web|title=AGU Fellows|publisher=American Geophysical Union|url=http://www.agu.org/about/honors/fellows/alphaall.php#B|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref> and of the [[John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation]] (1963 and 1970).<ref>{{cite web|title=Seven win Guggenheim Fellows|publisher=University of California, San Diego|url=http://libraries.ucsd.edu/historyofucsd/newsreleases/1970/19700417.html|accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=George Edward Backus |publisher=John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation |url=http://www.gf.org/fellows/593-george-edward-backus |accessdate=10 September 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111111173502/http://www.gf.org/fellows/593-george-edward-backus |archivedate=11 November 2011 |df= }}</ref> He is an elected member of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]],<ref>{{cite report|title=Annual Report – Fiscal Year 1968–1969|publisher=National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering (National Research Council)|issue=1864|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9C4rAAAAYAAJ&q=%22george+edward+backus%22#v=snippet&q=%22george%20edward%20backus%22&f=false}}</ref> the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences: 1780–2011|chapter=Chapter B|page=23|chapterurl=http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterB.pdf}}</ref> and of the [[Académie des Sciences]] of France.<ref>{{cite web|title=History – 1990–2000: New Premises |publisher=Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics |url=http://igpp.ucsd.edu/about/history/1990 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823074214/http://igpp.ucsd.edu:80/about/history/1990 |archivedate=2011-08-23 |df= }}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 21:28, 9 January 2017

George Edward Backus (born May 24, 1930) is an American geophysicist,[1] best known for his work with J. Freeman Gilbert on inverse methods for geophysical data.[2] He is also notably credited with advancing the dynamo theory on the origin of the Earth's magnetic field.[3]

Born in Chicago, Backus did his undergraduate and graduate training at the University of Chicago, receiving a M.S. in mathematics in 1950 and a Ph.D. in physics in 1956.[4] During 1957–1958 he worked as a physicist in Project Matterhorn in Princeton, then moving to MIT for two years as assistant professor of mathematics. In 1960 he moved to Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the associated University of California, San Diego where he has spent the rest of his career. Backus was professor of geophysics until 1994, and subsequently a research professor of geophysics.[1]

Backus is the winner of many awards, including the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1986)[5] and the John Adam Fleming Medal of the American Geophysical Union (1986),[6] and he was elected a fellow of the American Geophysical Union (1967)[7] and of the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation (1963 and 1970).[8][9] He is an elected member of the National Academy of Sciences,[10] the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,[11] and of the Académie des Sciences of France.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Backus, George Edward" (in French). Institut de France. Retrieved 10 September 2011.[permanent dead link]
  2. ^ "J. Freeman Gilbert Receives 1999 William Bowie Medal". American Geophysical Union. Retrieved 10 September 2011.
  3. ^ Ashley P. Willis; Art R.T. Jonkers (2007). David Gubbins; Emilio Herrero-Bervera (eds.). Encyclopedia of geomagnetism and paleomagnetism. Springer. pp. 164 and 360.
  4. ^ "George E. Backus, Professor Emeritus". Archived from the original on July 24, 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ "Winners of the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society". Royal Astronomical Society. Retrieved 10 September 2011.
  6. ^ "Awards & Honors". American Geophysical Union. Retrieved 10 September 2011.
  7. ^ "AGU Fellows". American Geophysical Union. Retrieved 10 September 2011.
  8. ^ "Seven win Guggenheim Fellows". University of California, San Diego. Retrieved 10 September 2011.
  9. ^ "George Edward Backus". John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. Archived from the original on 11 November 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ Annual Report – Fiscal Year 1968–1969 (Report). National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering (National Research Council).
  11. ^ "Chapter B". Members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences: 1780–2011. p. 23. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ "History – 1990–2000: New Premises". Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics. Archived from the original on 2011-08-23. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

External links

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