Gallicolumba: Difference between revisions

Gallicolumba
	Luzon bleeding-heart, Gallicolumba luzonica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Columbiformes
Family:	Columbidae
Genus:	Gallicolumba; Heck, 1849
Diversity
	7 living species
Synonyms
	Phlegoenas Reichenbach, 1852

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Gallicolumba is a mid-sized genus of ground-dwelling doves (family Columbidae) which occur in rainforests on the Philippines, Indonesia, and in the Pacific region. They are not closely related to the American ground doves (genus Columbina). Rather, the present genus is closest to the thick-billed ground dove.

This genus includes the bleeding-hearts known from the Philippines. Most are named for their vivid-red patch on the breast, which looks startlingly like a bleeding wound in some species and has reminded naturalists of a dagger stab. The diet of doves of this genus consists of fruits and seed.

Systematics and extinctions

Gallicolumba might be ranked as a (very small) subfamily, but the available data suggests that they are better considered part of a quite basal radiation of Columbidae which consists of many small and often bizarre lineages (e.g. Goura and Otidiphaps which are ecologically convergent to Galliformes, and maybe even the famous didines (Raphinae).

Species

Luzon bleeding-heart, Gallicolumba luzonica
- Catanduanes bleeding heart, Gallicolumba luzonica rubiventris - possibly extinct (late 20th century?)
Mindanao bleeding-heart, Gallicolumba crinigera
- Basilan bleeding-heart, Gallicolumba crinigera bartletti - possibly extinct (mid-20th century?)
Mindoro bleeding-heart, Gallicolumba platenae
Negros bleeding-heart, Gallicolumba keayi
Sulu bleeding-heart, Gallicolumba menagei - possibly extinct (late 1990s?)
Cinnamon ground dove, Gallicolumba rufigula
Sulawesi ground dove, Gallicolumba tristigmata

Many of the Pacific ground doves were removed from Gallicolumba (which was non-monophyletic) and reassigned to genus Alopecoenas:^[2]

References

^ Johann Georg Heck: Bilder-Atlas zum Conversations-Lexikon. Verlag Leipzig, Brockhaus, 1849.
^ [1] Jønsson, Irestedt, Bowie, Christidis & Fjeldså (2011). Systematics and biogeography of Indo-Pacific ground-doves

Gibbs, David; Barnes, Eustace & Cox, John (2001): Pigeons and Doves. Pica Press, The Banks, ISBN 1-873403-60-7
Steadman, David William (2006): Extinction and Biogeography of Tropical Pacific Birds. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-77142-3
del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A. & Sargatal, J. (editors). (1997). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 4: Sandgrouse to Cuckoos. Lynx Edicions. ISBN 84-87334-22-9

External links

Media related to Gallicolumba at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Gallicolumba at Wikispecies

[1] Johann Georg Heck: Bilder-Atlas zum Conversations-Lexikon. Verlag Leipzig, Brockhaus, 1849.

[2] [1] Jønsson, Irestedt, Bowie, Christidis & Fjeldså (2011). Systematics and biogeography of Indo-Pacific ground-doves

[1]

[2]

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 ==Systematics and extinctions==
-''[[Trugon]]'' and ''Gallicolumba'' might be ranked as a (very small) [[subfamily]], but the available data suggests that they are better considered part of a quite [[basal (evolution)|basal]] [[evolutionary radiation|radiation]] of [[Columbidae]] which consists of many small and often bizarre lineages (e.g. ''[[Goura (genus)|Goura]]'' and ''[[Otidiphaps]]'' which are [[ecological]]ly convergent to [[Galliformes]], and maybe even the famous [[didine]]s (Raphinae). Currently not quite 20 species of ''Gallicolumba'' are extant. Of the larger genera of Columbidae, ''Gallicolumba'' is the one most affected by [[extinction]]. 3-4 species have disappeared since the 18th century, and most of the remaining are decreasing in numbers, threatened with extinction or have lost subspecies due to habitat destruction, invasive species, or overhunting. In addition, there are several species never studied alive but known from [[subfossil]] bones. These became extinct during the human settlement of the Southern Pacific region (c. 3000 BC - 1400).
+''Gallicolumba'' might be ranked as a (very small) [[subfamily]], but the available data suggests that they are better considered part of a quite [[basal (evolution)|basal]] [[evolutionary radiation|radiation]] of [[Columbidae]] which consists of many small and often bizarre lineages (e.g. ''[[Goura (genus)|Goura]]'' and ''[[Otidiphaps]]'' which are [[ecological]]ly convergent to [[Galliformes]], and maybe even the famous [[didine]]s (Raphinae).
-The bones of ''Gallicolumba'' are distinct enough to usually recognize this genus with ease. Still, the evolutionary affiliation of extinct species is often uncertain. A considerable number of recognizably distinct now-extinct Polynesian taxa used to inhabit the area where the white-headed lineage (''G. jobiensis'', ''G. erythroptera'') and the [[Melanesia]]n expansion that brought about ''G. sanctaecrucis'' and ''G. stairi'' (and possibly ''G. rubescens'') would have met.
 ===Species===