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==Human infection==
==Human infection==
DNA from ATCV-1 has been isolated from the mucous membranes of the noses of humans. In both humans and mice, the presence of ATCV-1 on the [[oropharyngeal]] mucosa was associated with lower scores in tests of cognitive and motor skills.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1073/pnas.1418895111| title = Chlorovirus ATCV-1 is part of the human oropharyngeal virome and is associated with changes in cognitive functions in humans and mice| journal = Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A | year = 2014| last1 = Yolken | first1 = R. H.| last2 = Jones-Brando | first2 = L.| last3 = Dunigan | first3 = D. D.| last4 = Kannan | first4 = G.| last5 = Dickerson | first5 = F.| last6 = Severance | first6 = E.| last7 = Sabunciyan | first7 = S.| last8 = Talbot | first8 = C. C.| last9 = Prandovszky | first9 = E.| last10 = Gurnon | first10 = J. R.| last11 = Agarkova | first11 = I. V.| last12 = Leister | first12 = F.| last13 = Gressitt | first13 = K. L.| last14 = Chen | first14 = O.| last15 = Deuber | first15 = B.| last16 = Ma | first16 = F.| last17 = Pletnikov | first17 = M. V.| last18 = Van Etten | first18 = J. L. |pmid=25349393 |pmc=4234575 | volume=111 | pages=16106–11}}</ref><ref>{{citation|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2014/10/algal-virus-found-humans-slows-brain-activity?rss=1 |title=Algal virus found in humans, slows brain activity |author=Elizabeth Pennisi |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=27 October 2014}}</ref> Injection of purified algal virus ATCV-1 intracranially results in long-lasting cognitive and behavioural effects in mice via induction of inflammatory factors.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Marilyn S. Petro, Irina V. Agarkova, Thomas M.Petro|first=|date=May 2016|title=Effect of Chlorovirus ATCV-1 infection on behavior of C57Bl/6 mice|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/302971382_Effect_of_Chlorovirus_ATCV-1_infection_on_behavior_of_C57Bl6_mice|journal=Journal of Neuroimmunology|volume=|pages=|via=}}</ref>
DNA from ATCV-1 has been isolated from the mucous membranes of the noses of humans. In both humans and mice, the presence of ATCV-1 on the [[oropharyngeal]] mucosa was associated with lower scores in tests of cognitive and motor skills.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1073/pnas.1418895111| title = Chlorovirus ATCV-1 is part of the human oropharyngeal virome and is associated with changes in cognitive functions in humans and mice| journal = Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A | year = 2014| last1 = Yolken | first1 = R. H.| last2 = Jones-Brando | first2 = L.| last3 = Dunigan | first3 = D. D.| last4 = Kannan | first4 = G.| last5 = Dickerson | first5 = F.| last6 = Severance | first6 = E.| last7 = Sabunciyan | first7 = S.| last8 = Talbot | first8 = C. C.| last9 = Prandovszky | first9 = E.| last10 = Gurnon | first10 = J. R.| last11 = Agarkova | first11 = I. V.| last12 = Leister | first12 = F.| last13 = Gressitt | first13 = K. L.| last14 = Chen | first14 = O.| last15 = Deuber | first15 = B.| last16 = Ma | first16 = F.| last17 = Pletnikov | first17 = M. V.| last18 = Van Etten | first18 = J. L. |pmid=25349393 |pmc=4234575 | volume=111 | pages=16106–11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Yolken et al|first=|date=|title=Reply to Kjartansdóttir et al.: Chlorovirus ATCV-1 findings not explained by contamination|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4352770/|journal=Microbiology|volume=|pages=|via=}}</ref><ref>{{citation|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2014/10/algal-virus-found-humans-slows-brain-activity?rss=1 |title=Algal virus found in humans, slows brain activity |author=Elizabeth Pennisi |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=27 October 2014}}</ref> Injection of purified algal virus ATCV-1 intracranially results in long-lasting cognitive and behavioural effects in mice via induction of inflammatory factors.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Marilyn S. Petro, Irina V. Agarkova, Thomas M.Petro|first=|date=May 2016|title=Effect of Chlorovirus ATCV-1 infection on behavior of C57Bl/6 mice|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/302971382_Effect_of_Chlorovirus_ATCV-1_infection_on_behavior_of_C57Bl6_mice|journal=Journal of Neuroimmunology|volume=|pages=|via=}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 03:14, 23 September 2017

Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1
Virus classification
Group:
Group I (dsDNA)
Family:
Phycodnaviridae
Genus:
Chlorovirus
Species

Chlorovirus ATCV-1

Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 (ATCV-1), also called Chlorovirus ATCV-1 or Chlorella virus ATCV-1 is a species of giant double-stranded DNA virus in the Chlorovirus genus.

The host of ATCV-1 is Chlorella heliozoae; it was demonstrated that "ATCV-1 neither attaches to nor infects" Chlorella variabilis[1][2].

Human infection

DNA from ATCV-1 has been isolated from the mucous membranes of the noses of humans. In both humans and mice, the presence of ATCV-1 on the oropharyngeal mucosa was associated with lower scores in tests of cognitive and motor skills.[3][4][5] Injection of purified algal virus ATCV-1 intracranially results in long-lasting cognitive and behavioural effects in mice via induction of inflammatory factors.[6]

References

  1. ^ Irina Agarkova, Brigitte Hertel, Xinzheng Zhang, Les Lane, Alexander Tchourbanov, David D. Dunigan, Gerhard Thiel, Michael G. Rossmann, James L. Van Etten (2014). "Dynamic attachment of Chlorovirus PBCV-1 to Chlorella variabilis". Virology – via Elsevier Science Direct.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ "SAG 211-6 Chlorella variabilis". EPSAG The Culture Collection of Algae at the University of Göttingen, Germany. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  3. ^ Yolken, R. H.; Jones-Brando, L.; Dunigan, D. D.; Kannan, G.; Dickerson, F.; Severance, E.; Sabunciyan, S.; Talbot, C. C.; Prandovszky, E.; Gurnon, J. R.; Agarkova, I. V.; Leister, F.; Gressitt, K. L.; Chen, O.; Deuber, B.; Ma, F.; Pletnikov, M. V.; Van Etten, J. L. (2014). "Chlorovirus ATCV-1 is part of the human oropharyngeal virome and is associated with changes in cognitive functions in humans and mice". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 111: 16106–11. doi:10.1073/pnas.1418895111. PMC 4234575. PMID 25349393.
  4. ^ Yolken; et al. "Reply to Kjartansdóttir et al.: Chlorovirus ATCV-1 findings not explained by contamination". Microbiology. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last= (help)
  5. ^ Elizabeth Pennisi (27 October 2014), "Algal virus found in humans, slows brain activity", Science
  6. ^ Marilyn S. Petro, Irina V. Agarkova, Thomas M.Petro (May 2016). "Effect of Chlorovirus ATCV-1 infection on behavior of C57Bl/6 mice". Journal of Neuroimmunology.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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