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|location = [[Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum]]
|location = [[Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum]]
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The '''Panagyurishte Treasure''' ({{lang-bg|Панагюрско златно съкровище}}) is a [[Thracian]] treasure.
⚫
The '''Panagyurishte Treasure''' ({{lang-bg|Панагюрско златно съкровище}}) is a [[Thracian]] treasure of a [[Phiale (libation vessel)|phiale]], an [[amphora]], three [[oinochoai]] and four [[rhyton]]s with total weight of 6.164&nbsp;kg of 24-karat [[gold]].<ref>{{citation |last=Tsontchev |first=Dimiter |contribution= The Gold Treasure of Panagurishte |title=Archaeology |volume= 8 |issue= 4|pages= 218–227 |year=1955 |jstor=41663325 |accessdate= }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Venedikov |first= Ivan |author-link= Ivan Venedikov|title= Thracian Art in Bulgaria; Translated by Marguerite Alexieva |place= Sofia |publisher=Sofia Press |year= 1968 |url= |pages= 52–60}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title= Кратка българска енциклопедия (ОПЕРЕ-СТРОЙ) |chapter= Панагюрско съкровище |page= 61|volume= IV |year= 1967 |publisher=Издателство на Българска академия на науките |place= София }}</ref> All nine vessels are richly and skilfully decorated.<ref name= Metropolitan>{{cite book |title= Thracian Treasures from Bulgaria; Introduction by Lionel Casson; Essay by Ivan Venedikov; Photographs by Lee Boltin; Design by Irwin Glusker with Christian von Rosenvinge and Eloise Vega |publisher= The Metropolitan Museum of Art |year= 1977 |place= New York |pages=41–53, 61 |url=https://archive.org/details/thraciantreasure00metr |accessdate= 23 February 2018 |via= Internet Archive}}</ref> It is dated from the 4th-3rd centuries BC.<ref>{{citation |last=Simon |first=Erika |author-link= Erika Simon |contribution= DER GOLDSCHATZ VON PANAGJURISTE - EINE SCHÖPFUNG DER ALEXANDERZEIT |title= Antike Kunst |volume= 3 |issue= 1|pages= 3–29 |year=1960 |jstor=41318509 |accessdate= }}</ref> It is thought to have been used as a royal ceremonial set by the Thracian king [[Seuthes III]].<ref>The nine sensational gold vessels were initially announced as "vessels from which [[Alexander the Great]] may have drunk". See [[Illustrated London News]] of December 11th, 1954, pp. 1056-1057. {{citation |last= Kontoleon |first= N.M. |contribution= The Gold Treasure of Panagurischte |title= Balkan Studies |volume= 3 |issue=1 |page=186 |year=1962 }}</ref><ref>{{citation |last= Graham |first= J.W. |contribution= Auri Sacra Fames |title= Phoenix |volume= 11 |issue= 3 |page= 116 |year= 1957 |jstor=1087075 |accessdate= }}</ref>

== Description ==

⚫
The treasure consists of a [[Phiale (libation vessel)|phiale]], an [[amphora]], three [[oinochoai]] and four [[rhyton]]s with total weight of 6.164&nbsp;kg of 24-karat [[gold]].<ref>{{citation |last=Tsontchev |first=Dimiter |contribution= The Gold Treasure of Panagurishte |title=Archaeology |volume= 8 |issue= 4|pages= 218–227 |year=1955 |jstor=41663325 |accessdate= }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Venedikov |first= Ivan |author-link= Ivan Venedikov|title= Thracian Art in Bulgaria; Translated by Marguerite Alexieva |place= Sofia |publisher=Sofia Press |year= 1968 |url= |pages= 52–60}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title= Кратка българска енциклопедия (ОПЕРЕ-СТРОЙ) |chapter= Панагюрско съкровище |page= 61|volume= IV |year= 1967 |publisher=Издателство на Българска академия на науките |place= София }}</ref> All nine vessels are richly and skilfully decorated.<ref name= Metropolitan>{{cite book |title= Thracian Treasures from Bulgaria; Introduction by Lionel Casson; Essay by Ivan Venedikov; Photographs by Lee Boltin; Design by Irwin Glusker with Christian von Rosenvinge and Eloise Vega |publisher= The Metropolitan Museum of Art |year= 1977 |place= New York |pages=41–53, 61 |url=https://archive.org/details/thraciantreasure00metr |accessdate= 23 February 2018 |via= Internet Archive}}</ref> It is dated from the 4th-3rd centuries BC.<ref>{{citation |last=Simon |first=Erika |author-link= Erika Simon |contribution= DER GOLDSCHATZ VON PANAGJURISTE - EINE SCHÖPFUNG DER ALEXANDERZEIT |title= Antike Kunst |volume= 3 |issue= 1|pages= 3–29 |year=1960 |jstor=41318509 |accessdate= }}</ref> It is thought to have been used as a royal ceremonial set by the Thracian king [[Seuthes III]].<ref>The nine sensational gold vessels were initially announced as "vessels from which [[Alexander the Great]] may have drunk". See [[Illustrated London News]] of December 11th, 1954, pp. 1056-1057. {{citation |last= Kontoleon |first= N.M. |contribution= The Gold Treasure of Panagurischte |title= Balkan Studies |volume= 3 |issue=1 |page=186 |year=1962 }}</ref><ref>{{citation |last= Graham |first= J.W. |contribution= Auri Sacra Fames |title= Phoenix |volume= 11 |issue= 3 |page= 116 |year= 1957 |jstor=1087075 |accessdate= }}</ref>


== Discovery ==
== Discovery ==

Revision as of 12:08, 29 May 2018

Panagyurishte Treasure
Materialgold
Created400 BC – 300 BC
Discovered1949 at Panagyurishte
Present locationPlovdiv Regional Historical Museum

The Panagyurishte Treasure (Template:Lang-bg) is a Thracian treasure.

Description

The treasure consists of a phiale, an amphora, three oinochoai and four rhytons with total weight of 6.164 kg of 24-karat gold.[1][2][3] All nine vessels are richly and skilfully decorated.[4] It is dated from the 4th-3rd centuries BC.[5] It is thought to have been used as a royal ceremonial set by the Thracian king Seuthes III.[6][7]

Discovery

Deikov Brothers holding the treasure

It was accidentally discovered on 8 December 1949 by three brothers, Pavel, Petko, and Michail Deikov, who worked together at the region of “Merul” tile factory near the town of Panagyurishte, Bulgaria.[8] At the time of its discovery it was considered "the richest treasure to have been unearthed in Europe since World War II.".[9]

Exhibitions around the world and replicas

As one of the best known surviving artefacts of Thracian culture, the treasure has been displayed at various museums around the world.[10][4][11][12][13] The treasure is the centerpiece of the Thracian art collection of the Plovdiv Regional Historical Museum, the National Museum of History in Sofia, and the History Museum in Panagyurishte. There are three replica sets, which are displayed in the museums in Panagyurishte, Sofia and Plovdiv, when the authentic treasure is lent for exhibitions abroad.

The items may have been buried to hide them during 4th century BC invasions of the area by the Celts or Macedonians. The phiale carries inscriptions giving its weight in Greek drachmae and Persian darics.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Tsontchev, Dimiter (1955), "The Gold Treasure of Panagurishte", Archaeology, vol. 8, pp. 218–227, JSTOR 41663325
  2. ^ Venedikov, Ivan (1968). Thracian Art in Bulgaria; Translated by Marguerite Alexieva. Sofia: Sofia Press. pp. 52–60.
  3. ^ "Панагюрско съкровище". Кратка българска енциклопедия (ОПЕРЕ-СТРОЙ). Vol. IV. София: Издателство на Българска академия на науките. 1967. p. 61.
  4. ^ a b Thracian Treasures from Bulgaria; Introduction by Lionel Casson; Essay by Ivan Venedikov; Photographs by Lee Boltin; Design by Irwin Glusker with Christian von Rosenvinge and Eloise Vega. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1977. pp. 41–53, 61. Retrieved 23 February 2018 – via Internet Archive.
  5. ^ Simon, Erika (1960), "DER GOLDSCHATZ VON PANAGJURISTE - EINE SCHÖPFUNG DER ALEXANDERZEIT", Antike Kunst, vol. 3, pp. 3–29, JSTOR 41318509
  6. ^ The nine sensational gold vessels were initially announced as "vessels from which Alexander the Great may have drunk". See Illustrated London News of December 11th, 1954, pp. 1056-1057. Kontoleon, N.M. (1962), "The Gold Treasure of Panagurischte", Balkan Studies, vol. 3, p. 186
  7. ^ Graham, J.W. (1957), "Auri Sacra Fames", Phoenix, vol. 11, p. 116, JSTOR 1087075
  8. ^ Kitov, Georgi (2003). The Panagyurishte Treasure. Varna: Slavena Publishing House. pp. 6–9.
  9. ^ Hoffmann, Herbert (1957), "Book Review: Neue Denkmäler antiker Toreutik by Bedřich Svoboda, Dimiter Cončev, Monumenta Archaeologica. Acta Praehistorica et Historica Instituti Archaeologici Academiae Scientiarum Bohemoslovenicae Curante Jaroslovo Böhm Edita, Tomus IV, Pp. 172, figs. 46, pls. 32. Prague, 1956", American Journal of Archaeology, vol. 61, p. 391, doi:10.2307/500610
  10. ^ Template:Cite article
  11. ^ See Thracian Treasures from Bulgaria; 12 May - 1 July, 1979, Nagoya City Museum. Tokyo: The Chunichi Shimbun, The Tokyo Shimbun. 1979. pp. 53–57 – via Internet Archive.
  12. ^ Template:Cite article
  13. ^ Kitov, Georgi (2003). The Panagyurishte Treasure. Varna: Slavena Publishing House. pp. 46–47.
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