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{{Wikinewspar2|Wall of Siberian tiger enclosure at San Francisco Zoo is too short|Tiger that escaped enclosure at San Francisco Zoo may have 'climbed' over wall}}
{{Wikinewspar2|Wall of Siberian tiger enclosure at San Francisco Zoo is too short|Tiger that escaped enclosure at San Francisco Zoo may have 'climbed' over wall}}


In the days immediately following the attack, the director of the zoo stated that Tatiana was probably provoked. He said, "Somebody created a situation that really agitated her and gave her some sort of a method to break out. There is no possible way the cat could have made it out of there in a single leap. I would surmise that there was help. A couple of feet dangling over the edge could possibly have done it."<ref name="chronicle" /> Sources told the ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'' that pine cones and sticks that might have been thrown at Tatiana had been found and which could not have landed in the vicinity naturally.<ref name="chronicle" /> Paul Dhaliwal later said that the three had yelled and waved at the tiger.<ref name="CNN2008_01_17">{{cite news|publisher=[[CNN]]|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/US/01/18/tiger.attack.ap/index.html|title=Police: Tiger attack victim was drinking, admitted taunting|date=January 17, 2008|author=[[Associated Press]]|accessdate=January 17, 2008 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080119155959/http://www.cnn.com/2008/US/01/18/tiger.attack.ap/index.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = January 19, 2008}}</ref><ref name="SFChronicle2008_01_17">{{cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/01/17/MNEIUH4B9.DTL|title=Mauling Survivor Said he Yelled at Tiger|author=Van Derbeken, Jaxon |date=January 17, 2008|publisher=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]}}</ref> According to early news sources, the Dhaliwal brothers had slingshots on them at the time of the attack. In later reports, the police denied that slingshots were found in the victims' car or at the zoo.<ref name="New York Post1">{{cite news |url =http://www.nypost.com/seven/01032008/news/nationalnews/tall_order_for_deadly_barrier_702084.htm|title = tall_order_for_deadly_barrier |date=January 1, 2008 |publisher = [[The New York Post]] | accessdate = January 2, 2008 | first1=Emmett | last1=Berg | first2=Jeremy | last2=Olshan}}</ref> Zoo visitor Jennifer Miller and her family allegedly saw the group of men, including an unidentified fourth person, taunting lions less than an hour before the tiger attack. She later identified Carlos Sousa as being part of the group but said Sousa did not join in the taunting.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/01/03/MN9TU8AGC.DTL | title=S.F. Zoo visitor saw 2 victims of tiger attack teasing lions | first1=Patricia | last1=Yollin | first2=Tanya | last2=Schevitz | first3=Kevin | last3=Fagan | date=January 3, 2008 | work=The San Francisco Chronicle}}</ref>
In the days immediately following the attack, the director of the zoo stated that Tatiana was probably provoked. He said, "Somebody created a situation that really agitated her and gave her some sort of a method to break out. There is no possible way the cat could have made it out of there in a single leap. I would surmise that there was help. A couple of feet dangling over the edge could possibly have done it."<ref name="chronicle" /> Sources told the ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'' that pine cones and sticks that might have been thrown at Tatiana had been found and which could not have landed in the vicinity naturally.<ref name="chronicle" /> Paul Dhaliwal later said that the three had yelled and waved at the tiger.<ref name="CNN2008_01_17">{{cite news|publisher=[[CNN]]|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/US/01/18/tiger.attack.ap/index.html|title=Police: Tiger attack victim was drinking, admitted taunting|date=January 17, 2008|author=[[Associated Press]]|accessdate=January 17, 2008 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080119155959/http://www.cnn.com/2008/US/01/18/tiger.attack.ap/index.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = January 19, 2008}}</ref><ref name="SFChronicle2008_01_17">{{cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/01/17/MNEIUH4B9.DTL|title=Mauling Survivor Said he Yelled at Tiger|author=Van Derbeken, Jaxon |date=January 17, 2008|publisher=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]}}</ref> According to early news sources, the Dhaliwal brothers had slingshots on them at the time of the attack. In later reports, the police denied that slingshots were found in the victims' car or at the zoo.<ref name="New York Post1">{{cite news |url =http://www.nypost.com/seven/01032008/news/nationalnews/tall_order_for_deadly_barrier_702084.htm|title = tall_order_for_deadly_barrier |date=January 1, 2008 |publisher = [[The New York Post]] | accessdate = January 2, 2008 | first1=Emmett | last1=Berg | first2=Jeremy | last2=Olshan}}</ref> Zoo visitor Jennifer Miller and her family allegedly saw the group of men, including an unidentified fourth person, taunting lions less than an hour before the tiger attack. She later identified Carlos Sousa as being part of the group but said Sousa did not join in the taunting.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/01/03/MN9TU8AGC.DTL | title=S.F. Zoo visitor saw 2 victims of tiger attack teasing lions | first1=Patricia | last1=Yollin | first2=Tanya | last2=Schevitz | first3=Kevin | last3=Fagan | date=January 3, 2008 | work=The San Francisco Chronicle}}</ref> An attorney representing the Dhaliwal brothers stated that they had not taunted the tiger.<ref>{{cite news

⚫
In early January 2008, the lead investigator for the city said that the men may have harassed Tatiana, but no charges were filed against them for such behavior.<!--Jan 2009 article date is NOT an error for Jan 2008 fact--><REF NAME="AP01022009">{{ cite news | author = Collins, Terry | date = January 3, 2009 | title = SF wants $75,000 Back from Tiger Attack Survivor |
⚫
newspaper = [[Associated Press|AP Online]] | via = HighBeam.com | subscription = yes | url = http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1A1-D95FB0A00.html | access-date = March 4, 2017 | quote = }}</ref> Taunting a zoo animal is a [[misdemeanor]] in San Francisco.<REF NAME="Yollin"/><ref name="SFGate2008"/>

⚫
Toxicology reports disclosed in mid-January indicated a blood alcohol level of 0.16 for 19 year old Amritpal Dhaliwal, twice the legal limit for operating a motor vehicle, and that alcohol was also present but under legal limits for Kulbir Dhaliwal, 23, and for Carlos Sousa, 17, and that evidence of [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] use was present for all three.<!--DO NOT CHANGE THIS WITHOUT DISCUSSION IN TALK. THIS CONTENT IS CORRECT TO THE SOURCE. LE PROF.--><ref name="CBS 5">{{cite news|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/22719922/|title=Experts: Taunts Not Only Factor In SF Tiger Attack|publisher=CBS 5|date=January 18, 2008}}</ref><ref name="SFGate2008">{{cite journal | author = Van Derbeken, Jaxon | date = January 18, 2008 | title = Police: Zoo Survivor Told of Standing on Railing and Yelling at Tiger | journal = [[San Francisco Chronicle]] | via = SFGate.com | url = http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Police-Zoo-survivor-told-of-standing-on-railing-3230588.php | access-date = March 4, 2017}}</ref> Reporters also noted that "[p]olice found a small amount of marijuana in Kulbir Dhaliwal's 2002 BMW, which the victims drove to the zoo, as well as a partially filled bottle of vodka, according to court documents."<ref>{{cite news|title=Tiger attack victim admits taunting, police say|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/22719922/ns/us_news-life/t/tiger-attack-victim-admits-taunting-police-say/#.WMB9ZvkrJpg|accessdate=March 8, 2017|work=NBCNEWS.com|agency=Associated Press|date=January 18, 2008}}</ref>

⚫
The ''San Francisco Chronicle'' described the attitude of the Dhaliwals as "hostile" to the police following the attack,<ref name="chron30"/> reporting that they initially refused to identify themselves or Carlos Sousa to the police, refused to give interviews to the police until two days after the attack, and would not speak publicly about the details of what happened to them.<ref name="chron30">{{cite news |first= Suzanne|last= Solis|title= Father of boy killed by tiger says he'd like to hear from survivors|url= http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/12/30/BAB2U7625.DTL&tsp=1|publisher= San Francisco Chronicle|date= December 30, 2007|accessdate=December 31, 2007 }}</ref><ref name="chron33">[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/01/10/BAL3UD47V.DTL Tiger survivor told dead youth's mother "We didn't do nothing"], San Francisco Chronicle</ref> The young men received negative publicity, including speculation that they had taunted the tiger, a contention their lawyer denied.<ref name="sfgate.com"/><ref>{{cite news
|url = http://cbs13.com/local/tiger.attack.san.2.630252.html
|url = http://cbs13.com/local/tiger.attack.san.2.630252.html
|title = Evidence May Show Cover-Up In Tiger Attack
|title = Evidence May Show Cover-Up In Tiger Attack
Line 91: Line 84:
|archivedate = February 20, 2008
|archivedate = February 20, 2008
|df =
|df =
}}</ref>
}}</ref> Such negative publicity was labeled by an editorial at ''IndiaDaily.com'' as an attempt to blame the victims of the attack, and to shield the zoo from responsibility.<ref>{{cite news

⚫
In early January 2008, the lead investigator for the city said that the men may have harassed Tatiana, but no charges were filed against them for such behavior.<!--Jan 2009 article date is NOT an error for Jan 2008 fact--><REF NAME="AP01022009">{{ cite news | author = Collins, Terry | date = January 3, 2009 | title = SF wants $75,000 Back from Tiger Attack Survivor |
⚫
newspaper = [[Associated Press|AP Online]] | via = HighBeam.com | subscription = yes | url = http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1A1-D95FB0A00.html | access-date = March 4, 2017 | quote = }}</ref> Taunting a zoo animal is a [[misdemeanor]] in San Francisco.<REF NAME="Yollin"/><ref name="SFGate2008"/>

⚫
Toxicology reports disclosed in mid-January indicated a blood alcohol level of 0.16 for 19 year old Amritpal Dhaliwal, twice the legal limit for operating a motor vehicle, and that alcohol was also present but under legal limits for Kulbir Dhaliwal, 23, and for Carlos Sousa, 17, and that evidence of [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] use was present for all three.<!--DO NOT CHANGE THIS WITHOUT DISCUSSION IN TALK. THIS CONTENT IS CORRECT TO THE SOURCE. LE PROF.--><ref name="CBS 5">{{cite news|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/22719922/|title=Experts: Taunts Not Only Factor In SF Tiger Attack|publisher=CBS 5|date=January 18, 2008}}</ref><ref name="SFGate2008">{{cite journal | author = Van Derbeken, Jaxon | date = January 18, 2008 | title = Police: Zoo Survivor Told of Standing on Railing and Yelling at Tiger | journal = [[San Francisco Chronicle]] | via = SFGate.com | url = http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Police-Zoo-survivor-told-of-standing-on-railing-3230588.php | access-date = March 4, 2017}}</ref> Reporters also noted that "[p]olice found a small amount of marijuana in Kulbir Dhaliwal's 2002 BMW, which the victims drove to the zoo, as well as a partially filled bottle of vodka, according to court documents."<ref>{{cite news|title=Tiger attack victim admits taunting, police say|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/22719922/ns/us_news-life/t/tiger-attack-victim-admits-taunting-police-say/#.WMB9ZvkrJpg|accessdate=March 8, 2017|work=NBCNEWS.com|agency=Associated Press|date=January 18, 2008}}</ref>

⚫
The ''San Francisco Chronicle'' described the attitude of the Dhaliwals as "hostile" to the police following the attack,<ref name="chron30"/> reporting that they initially refused to identify themselves or Carlos Sousa to the police, refused to give interviews to the police until two days after the attack, and would not speak publicly about the details of what happened to them.<ref name="chron30">{{cite news |first= Suzanne|last= Solis|title= Father of boy killed by tiger says he'd like to hear from survivors|url= http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/12/30/BAB2U7625.DTL&tsp=1|publisher= San Francisco Chronicle|date= December 30, 2007|accessdate=December 31, 2007 }}</ref><ref name="chron33">[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/01/10/BAL3UD47V.DTL Tiger survivor told dead youth's mother "We didn't do nothing"], San Francisco Chronicle</ref> An editorial at ''IndiaDaily.com'' argued that the negative publicity the young men received was an attempt to blame the victims of the attack, and to shield the zoo from responsibility.<ref>{{cite news
|url = http://www.indiadaily.com/editorial/18873.asp
|url = http://www.indiadaily.com/editorial/18873.asp
|title = Why help arrived 30 minutes after Tiger attack on Indians in US?
|title = Why help arrived 30 minutes after Tiger attack on Indians in US?

Revision as of 03:48, 24 September 2018

Tatiana at the San Francisco Zoo, October 2007

Two tiger attacks occurred at the San Francisco Zoo, in 2006 and 2007, both involving a female Siberian tiger named Tatiana (June 27, 2003 – December 25, 2007). In the first incident, a zookeeper was bitten on the arm during a public feeding. In the second incident, one person was killed and two others were injured before police officers intervened, shooting and killing Tatiana.[1]

Events preceding the attacks

Tatiana with Tony, her mate

A zoo visitor offered news media an account relevant to the attacks, dating to December 1996, before the arrival of Tatiana, the tiger in question in the attacks, but in a time frame relevant to the construction of the tiger enclosure that would feature in the second of the attacks.[vague] In the account, a report was made to a zoo employee of an incident of a tiger leaping "across his pen and cross the moat and [then attempting to] climb up," the visitor stating that the tiger had come within 5-6 feet of her child, before sliding down again. She further stated that a zoo employee dismissed the incident as a regular occurrence, and that she had phoned the zoo after the December 2007 occurrence to relate this earlier story.[2]

The animal in question in the attacks that follow, Tatiana, was born at the Denver Zoo on June 27, 2003, and was brought to the San Francisco Zoo on December 16, 2005, to provide the 14-year-old Siberian tiger, Tony, with a mate.[3] Tony's previous companion, Emily, had died of cancer of the spleen in late 2005; Tatiana had no prior record of aggression towards humans.[3]

First attack

On December 22, 2006, veteran zookeeper Lori Komejan was feeding Tatiana through the enclosure's grill, when the tiger clawed and pulled Komejan's right arm through the grill and bit it, resulting in severe injuries.[3][4] The California Occupational Safety and Health Administration later found the zoo at fault due to inadequate safety precautions and inadequate staff training.[5] It was fined US$18,000 for the incident.[6][7] The zoo decided not to euthanize Tatiana after the attack on Komejan; then-director Manuel Mollinedo said "the tiger was acting as a normal tiger does."[8] Since the attack, Komejan has undergone several surgeries and skin grafts. However, her arm still remains severely scarred and permanently impaired.[9]

Komejan sued the zoo, alleging that an unsafe condition existed due to the failure to install effective safeguards for the tiger cage, which was remodeled and re-opened in September 2007. On December 12, 2008, Komejan, 48 at the time, settled her lawsuit with the city and the zoo shortly before it was due to go to trial in January 2009.[9] The terms of the settlement were not released to the public, but Komejan's attorney, Michael Mandel, said "The case was resolved to the satisfaction of both sides." The city did not comment.[9] Because the settlement was confidential, the amount is not on the public record. The money was paid by insurance company funds rather than directly by the city.[6]

Second attack

On Christmas Day, 2007, Tatiana escaped from her open-air enclosure at the San Francisco Zoo discreetly and attacked three visitors shortly after closing time.[10][11] After escaping from the tiger grotto, the tiger mauled one patron to death, Carlos Eduardo Sousa Jr., 17, and injured two brothers, Amritpal "Paul" Dhaliwal, 19, and Kulbir Dhaliwal, 23.

The brothers fled to the zoo cafe approximately 300 yards (270 m) away and, according to initial reports, left a trail of blood that the tiger followed. Paul Dhaliwal began screaming outside the locked Terrace Cafe, prompting an employee to call 9-1-1 at 5:07 pm.[12]

Police response was initially delayed, in part because cafe personnel who called the police voiced suspicions that perhaps the allegations of an animal attack were being made by a mentally unstable person. When the police and fire crews arrived at the zoo, they were further delayed by zoo security guards who were enforcing a lockdown so that the tiger would not escape the zoo grounds.

Carlos Sousa was found near the tiger grotto by a zoo employee who remained with him until rescue crews arrived.[13] The scene was chaotic, and 13 minutes after the initial 9-1-1 call, police officers and fire department paramedics reached Carlos Sousa's body and found his throat slashed or punctured.[12] His autopsy later revealed that he had blunt force injuries of the head and neck, many punctures and scratches to his head, neck and chest, skull and spinal fractures, and a cut to his jugular vein.[14]

When four police officers and a zoo shooting team member[13] reached the tiger, they found her with one of the brothers, Kulbir Dhaliwal. They did not shoot Tatiana immediately, according to the SF police chief, because they could not be assured of containing their fire without risk to human life. After distraction, the tiger turned towards the officers and was shot and killed.[1]

After the shooting, Tatiana's head, paws, and tail were removed by the San Francisco Police Department's forensic investigation unit.[14] Her gastric contents were also taken.[15] They were taken in seven packages to the Medical Examiner's office for necropsy and tooth impressions.[14] The M.E.'s office reported that one of the police officers had fired through Tatiana's forehead.[14] An examination of Tatiana's stomach contents revealed only the remnants of small animals, and no human tissue.[15]

The Dhaliwal brothers received deep bites and claw wounds on their heads, necks, arms, and hands. Their injuries were not life-threatening, and they were released from the hospital on December 29, 2007.[8][16]

The attack was the first visitor fatality due to an animal escape at a member zoo since the 1924 founding of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums, according to the association.[17]

The zoo remained closed until January 3, 2008, though a long-scheduled wedding reception was allowed to proceed on December 31, 2007, at a hall near the entrance gate.[12][18]

Investigation

It was not immediately apparent how Tatiana had escaped, but police said that Tatiana may have "leaped" or "climbed" the walls of her enclosure.[19] Police undertook an investigation to determine whether one of the victims climbed over a waist-high fence and then dangled a leg or other body part over the edge of a moat that kept the big cat away from the public.[1][20][21]

Two days after the attack, on December 27, 2007, the zoo reported that while the moat, at 33 feet wide, was sufficient by national standards, its claim that the grotto's moat wall was 18 feet (5.5 m) tall was incorrect; officials measured at 12.5 feet (3.8 m) tall, substantially lower than their initial report, and substantially lower than the AZA recommendation for such enclosures, 16.5 feet (5.0 m).[22] Tatiana's rear paws were found to carry a significant amount of concrete in them, suggesting that she had pushed against the moat wall during her escape.[22]

Template:Wikinewspar2

In the days immediately following the attack, the director of the zoo stated that Tatiana was probably provoked. He said, "Somebody created a situation that really agitated her and gave her some sort of a method to break out. There is no possible way the cat could have made it out of there in a single leap. I would surmise that there was help. A couple of feet dangling over the edge could possibly have done it."[1] Sources told the San Francisco Chronicle that pine cones and sticks that might have been thrown at Tatiana had been found and which could not have landed in the vicinity naturally.[1] Paul Dhaliwal later said that the three had yelled and waved at the tiger.[23][24] According to early news sources, the Dhaliwal brothers had slingshots on them at the time of the attack. In later reports, the police denied that slingshots were found in the victims' car or at the zoo.[25] Zoo visitor Jennifer Miller and her family allegedly saw the group of men, including an unidentified fourth person, taunting lions less than an hour before the tiger attack. She later identified Carlos Sousa as being part of the group but said Sousa did not join in the taunting.[26] An attorney representing the Dhaliwal brothers stated that they had not taunted the tiger.[27]

In early January 2008, the lead investigator for the city said that the men may have harassed Tatiana, but no charges were filed against them for such behavior.[28] Taunting a zoo animal is a misdemeanor in San Francisco.[29][30]

Toxicology reports disclosed in mid-January indicated a blood alcohol level of 0.16 for 19 year old Amritpal Dhaliwal, twice the legal limit for operating a motor vehicle, and that alcohol was also present but under legal limits for Kulbir Dhaliwal, 23, and for Carlos Sousa, 17, and that evidence of cannabis use was present for all three.[31][30] Reporters also noted that "[p]olice found a small amount of marijuana in Kulbir Dhaliwal's 2002 BMW, which the victims drove to the zoo, as well as a partially filled bottle of vodka, according to court documents."[32]

The San Francisco Chronicle described the attitude of the Dhaliwals as "hostile" to the police following the attack,[16] reporting that they initially refused to identify themselves or Carlos Sousa to the police, refused to give interviews to the police until two days after the attack, and would not speak publicly about the details of what happened to them.[16][33] An editorial at IndiaDaily.com argued that the negative publicity the young men received was an attempt to blame the victims of the attack, and to shield the zoo from responsibility.[34]

On January 15, 2008, the transcripts and the recordings of the 911 calls were released.[35][36]

Changes

The updated tiger enclosures

On February 16, 2008, the zoo re-opened the exterior tiger exhibit which was extensively renovated to meet the extension of the concrete moat wall up to the minimum height of 16 feet 4 inches from the bottom of the moat, installation of glass fencing on the top of the wall to extend the height to 19 feet, and installation of electrified "hotwire".[37]

The zoo also installed portable loudspeakers that remind visitors to leave promptly at the 5 p.m. closing time and "Protect the Animals" signs that read:

Help make the zoo a safe environment. The magnificent animals in the zoo are wild and possess all their natural instincts. You are a guest in their home. Please remember they are sensitive and have feelings. PLEASE don't tap on glass, throw anything into exhibits, make excessive noise, tease or call out to them.[29]

Lawsuits

Dhaliwal brothers

On January 1, 2008, the Dhaliwal brothers hired lawyer Mark Geragos and planned to sue San Francisco Zoo for their "utter disregard for safety."[38] On March 27, 2008, the Dhaliwal brothers filed claims with the city of San Francisco seeking compensation for their injuries and emotional harm.[39] In mid-2008, the city rejected the first claims filed earlier that year by both the Sousa family and the Dhaliwal brothers.[40] On June 30, 2008, the City of San Francisco denied responsibility for the tiger attacks, referring the claim of Sousa's parents to the San Francisco Zoological Society.[41] The terms of the zoo's lease with the city require the Zoological Society to indemnify the city from any claims arising from zoo operations.[40] In November 2008, the Dhaliwal brothers followed up their initial filing with a new suit in federal court which accused city and zoo officials of defamation for suggesting the young men had provoked the tiger, in addition to a claim of negligence for the incident itself.[40] Despite the eyewitness accounts, Geragos denied that the brothers teased the animals. In the last week of December 2008, the city filed a lien in the federal lawsuit brought by the Dhaliwals against the zoo. The lien is intended to recover over $75,000 for medical care spent on Kulbir Dhaliwal in city facilities. The city did not comment on why no similar lien was filed to recover the expenses of Amritpal Dhaliwal's care.[28] The suit was settled in May 2009 for terms under which San Francisco Zoo paid $900,000 to the brothers.[42]

Parents of Sousa

On December 23, 2008, the parents of Carlos Eduardo Sousa Jr filed suit against the city and the zoo. Marilza and Carlos Sousa claimed wrongful death of their son, a minor, and asserted in their filing that the zoo ignored industry standards and warnings from its own staff that the tiger enclosure was insufficient to contain Tatiana. Their attorney, Michael Cardoza said the suit sought unspecified damages for wrongful death, negligence, culpable and reckless conduct and maintaining a public nuisance.[40] The suit was settled in February 2009; terms of the settlement were not disclosed.[42]

Subsequent events

Officers honored

On February 4, 2009, the four officers on the police shooting team, Scott Biggs, Yukio Oshita, Kevin O'Leary and Daniel Kroos, were honored for bravery by the San Francisco Police Commission.[43] The four men were assigned to the Taraval Station at the time of the second attack. By the time of the 2009 ceremony, Biggs and Oshita remained at Taraval as plainclothes officers; O'Leary remained at Taraval walking a beat; and Kroos was assigned to Mission Station.[43]

Memorial to Tatiana

A year after the tiger who had killed the zoo visitor died, she was commemorated on Telegraph Hill by a sculptor from San Francisco's Sunset District, Jon Engdahl. The life-size representation of the reclining tiger, Tatiana, was unveiled on December 25, 2008, the anniversary of Tatiana's fatal attack, and her shooting by San Francisco police.[44] Composed of concrete, ceramic tile and wire, the statue was installed in an area of dense foliage near the Greenwich Steps on the east side of Coit Tower. "This was a labor of love," Engdahl told the press. "I identified with this beautiful animal. I felt sorry for the sordid and needless way she died."[44] The work, in the style of Spanish artist Antoni Gaudí, represents Tatiana as she looked when she arrived at the San Francisco Zoo, at less than two years old. The sculpture, placed without city permission, is not easily seen from the street or Steps.[44]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Rubenstein, Steve (December 27, 2007). "Tiger Kills San Francisco Zoo Patron, Injures Two Others". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved March 4, 2017 – via SFGate.com.
  2. ^ Roman, Tomas (December 27, 2007). "Woman Recalls Tiger Encounter". KGO San Francisco ABC 7. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
  3. ^ a b c "Zoo Keeper Hurt in Tiger Attack". San Francisco Chronicle. December 23, 2006. Retrieved March 4, 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
  4. ^ "Horrified zoogoer recalls tiger attack". Patricia Yollin. San Francisco Chronicle. January 1, 2007. Retrieved December 26, 2007.
  5. ^ "Police: San Francisco Tiger Attack May Have Been Provoked". Associated Press. Fox News. December 26, 2007. Retrieved December 26, 2007.
  6. ^ a b SF zookeeper mauled by tiger settles lawsuit, San Diego Union-Tribune, January 16, 2009.
  7. ^ "Tiger Escapes S.F. Zoo Cage and Kills 1". Louise Chu (Associated Press). The Washington Post. December 26, 2007. Retrieved December 26, 2007. [dead link]
  8. ^ a b Elsworth, Catherine (December 27, 2007). "Victim may have helped zoo tiger escape". London: The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved December 27, 2007.
  9. ^ a b c SF Settles with Zoo Keeper Mauled by Tiger, January 17, 2009, Bay City News.
  10. ^ ABC News: Tiger Attack Sparks Crime Scene Photos
  11. ^ Fagan, Kevin; VanDerbeken, Jaxon; Koopman, John; Lagos, Marisa (December 27, 2007). "Video of Authorities in the San Francisco Zoo". San Francisco Chronicle. SFGate.com. Retrieved December 27, 2007.
  12. ^ a b c Van Derbeken, Jaxon; Fagan, Kevin (December 29, 2007). "Police, fire logs in S.F. tiger mauling show scene of chaos, delay". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved December 29, 2007.
  13. ^ a b Podell, Nick (January 3, 2008). "S.F. Zoo investigating tiger attack, but first it is reopening". San Francisco Chronicle. SFGate.com. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
  14. ^ a b c d Read Tiger Attack Autopsy, June 2, 2008. KGO-TV San Francisco, ABC News.
  15. ^ a b Case #2007-1397, Medical Examiner's Register, PDF file.
  16. ^ a b c Solis, Suzanne (December 30, 2007). "Father of boy killed by tiger says he'd like to hear from survivors". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
  17. ^ "California teen named as victim of tiger mauling". CNN. December 26, 2007. Retrieved December 26, 2007.
  18. ^ "Newlyweds party at San Francisco Zoo". USA Today. January 1, 2008. Retrieved May 23, 2010.
  19. ^ BBC Staff (December 26, 2007). "US Zoo Baffled by Tiger's Escape". BBC News Online. Retrieved December 26, 2007.
  20. ^ "Escaped Tiger Stalked Brothers". JEMS - Journal of Emergency Medical Services. December 26, 2007.
  21. ^ Rubenstein, Steve & Coté, John (January 11, 2008). "S.F. Braces for 'Circus' at First Public Hearing on Tiger Mauling". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved March 4, 2017 – via SFGate.com.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  22. ^ a b Fagan, Kevin; Vega, Cecilia M.; Coté, John; Lagos, Marisa (December 27, 2007). "Tiger grotto wall shorter than thought, may have contributed to escape and fatal attack". San Francisco Chronicle.
  23. ^ Associated Press (January 17, 2008). "Police: Tiger attack victim was drinking, admitted taunting". CNN. Archived from the original on January 19, 2008. Retrieved January 17, 2008.
  24. ^ Van Derbeken, Jaxon (January 17, 2008). "Mauling Survivor Said he Yelled at Tiger". San Francisco Chronicle.
  25. ^ Berg, Emmett; Olshan, Jeremy (January 1, 2008). "tall_order_for_deadly_barrier". The New York Post. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
  26. ^ Yollin, Patricia; Schevitz, Tanya; Fagan, Kevin (January 3, 2008). "S.F. Zoo visitor saw 2 victims of tiger attack teasing lions". The San Francisco Chronicle.
  27. ^ "Evidence May Show Cover-Up In Tiger Attack". CBS. January 16, 2008. Archived from the original on February 20, 2008. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  28. ^ a b Collins, Terry (January 3, 2009). "SF wants $75,000 Back from Tiger Attack Survivor". AP Online. Retrieved March 4, 2017 – via HighBeam.com. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |subscription= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)
  29. ^ a b Yollin, Patricia, et al. S.F. Zoo visitor saw 2 victims of tiger attack teasing lions, January 3, 2008. San Francisco Chronicle, print edition; also online at SFGate.com.
  30. ^ a b Van Derbeken, Jaxon (January 18, 2008). "Police: Zoo Survivor Told of Standing on Railing and Yelling at Tiger". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved March 4, 2017 – via SFGate.com.
  31. ^ "Experts: Taunts Not Only Factor In SF Tiger Attack". CBS 5. January 18, 2008.
  32. ^ "Tiger attack victim admits taunting, police say". NBCNEWS.com. Associated Press. January 18, 2008. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  33. ^ Tiger survivor told dead youth's mother "We didn't do nothing", San Francisco Chronicle
  34. ^ "Why help arrived 30 minutes after Tiger attack on Indians in US?". Indy Daily. January 2, 2008. Archived from the original on February 23, 2008. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  35. ^ Transcript of Kulbir Dhaliwal's 911 call, San Francisco Chronicle (January 16, 2008) Retrieved on January 16, 2008.
  36. ^ Transcript of zoo's 911 calls, San Francisco Chronicle (January 16, 2008) Retrieved on January 16, 2008.
  37. ^ S.F. Zoo's big cats meet people again
  38. ^ "Tiger-Attacked Brothers Hire Legal Pit Bull". ABC News. January 1, 2008. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
  39. ^ Brothers who survived tiger attack at S.F. Zoo file claim against city, San Francisco Chronicle (March 28, 2008) Retrieved on March 28, 2008.
  40. ^ a b c d Woolfolk, John. San Jose family of teen killed by tiger sues San Francisco, zoo, December 23, 2008, San Jose Mercury-News.
  41. ^ "City denies liability in Christmas Day tiger attack". Associated Press. July 1, 2008. Archived from the original on July 4, 2008. Retrieved July 1, 2008.
  42. ^ a b Mark Gomez (May 29, 2009). "Brothers receive $900,000 settlement for San Francisco zoo tiger attack". Mercury News.
  43. ^ a b Lagos, Marisa. Cops who shot tiger to be recognized as heroes, January 16, 2009, "City Insider" column, San Francisco Chronicle via SF Gate.
  44. ^ a b c Koopman, John. Sculpture of Tatiana the tiger unveiled, December 26, 2008, San Francisco Chronicle, p. B-2; also in online edition at SFGate.Com.
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