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Victoria Lundblad is an American geneticist whose work focuses on the genetic control of chromosome behavior in yeast.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bcm.edu/research/office-of-research/debakey-awards/recipients/lundblad-victoria|title=Lundblad Victoria J. PhD|last=|first=|date=|website=Baylor College of Medicine|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=October 30, 2018}}</ref> Many of her discoveries have concerned telomerase, the RNA-containing enzyme that completes the ends of chromosomes.<ref name=":0" /> She is located at the Salk Institute in La Jolla, CA.<ref name=":1" /> |
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Mitzi Kuroda is a Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=( https://www.abcam.com/epigenetics/scientist-of-the-month-mitzi-kuroda|title=Scientist of the month: Mitzi Kuroda|last=|first=|date=|website=ABCAM|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=December 1, 2018}}</ref> She was an HHMI Investigator at Brigham and Women’s Hospital from 1993-2007.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hhmi.org/scientists/mitzi-i-kuroda|title=Mitzi I Kuroda|last=|first=|date=|website=HHMI|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=December 1, 2018}}</ref> She has identified many genes and enzymes involved in epigenetic regulation in the fruit fly. In addition, her research has shown the importance of epigenetics in cancer. Her laboratory has identified chromatin remodeling signals and processes that predispose cells to be transformed into cancer cells. |
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Victoria Lundblad was born in the Bay Area of California to a biochemist and a school teacher.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/20036008.html|title=Victoria Lundblad|last=|first=|date=|website=National Academy of Sciences|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=October 30, 2018}}</ref> Vicki Lundblad was involved in science experiments as early as junior high school, testing whether skin emitted substances that repelled mosquitoes.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rockefeller.edu/greengard-prize/recipients/lundblad/|title=Vicki Lundblad|last=Strauss|first=Evelyn|date=|website=Rockefeller University|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=October 30, 2018}}</ref> She then took up playing the cello and threw herself into music studies; arriving at University of California, Berkeley,<ref name=":1" /> she meant to major in mathematics and music.<ref name=":2" /> She narrowed it down to Mathematics, but later added Biology.<ref name=":1" /> |
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She pursued graduate education in biology at Harvard University, where she became Nancy Kleckner's first graduate student.<ref name=":1" /> At Harvard, she was excited by a lecture by Jack Szostak, Nobel laureate in 2016, about his work on telomeres with Elizabeth Blackburn.<ref name=":2" /> She began a postdoctoral fellowship in 1983, working with Jack Szostak on yeast with a defective telomerase that underwent early senescence.<ref name=":2" /> She continued her study of telomeres as a postdoctoral fellow in Elizabeth Blackburn's laboratory. In 1991, she joined the Genetics Department at Baylor College of Medicine.<ref name=":1" /> In 2004, she moved to the Salk Institute.<ref name=":1" /> |
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Mitzi Kuroda was born in 1958 in Fayetteville AR where she attended elementary and junior high schools.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fayar.net/images/hall_of_honor_album.pdf|title=Mitzi Kuroda, Hall of Honor Album|last=|first=|date=|website=Fayetteville AR|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=December 3, 2018}}</ref> She spent a year in Tokyo,Japan before returning to attend Fayetteville High School where she gradatuated as valedictorian in 1977.<ref name=":1" /> |
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Mitzi Kuroda said “When I learned about recombinant DNA in college, it captured my imagination. I had to toss aside all my plans to “save the world” because the ability to make specific DNA molecules for molecular genetic experiments was just too enticing.”<ref name=":0" /> Kuroda received her BS in Biology from Tulane University in 1981<ref name=":1" /> and her PhD in Biological Sciences at Stanford University<ref name=":1" />, working with mentor Charles Yanofsky.<ref name=":0" /> Mitzi Kuroda’s work with Yanofsky involved collaboration with Iwona Stroynowski to reveal how a riboswitch mechanism called attenuation regulates operons for amino acid biosynthesis.<ref>I. Stroynowski, M. Kuroda, and C. Yanofsky (1983) "Transcription termination in vitro at the tryptophan operon attenuator is controlled by secondary structures in the leader transcript" ''Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.'' '''80'''(8): 2206–2210. PMCID: PMC393787 PMID: 6340118</ref> |
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In 1989, Lundblad identified a gene, named EST1,("ever shorter telomeres") in which telomeres are lost, and found that EST1 encoded a regulatory subunit of telomerase.<ref name=":2" /> Later, collaborating with Nobel laureate Tom Cech, she discovered the catalytic subunit of telomerase and identified it as a reverse transcriptase with associated RNA.<ref name=":1" /> |
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After postdoctoral work at Stanford, Mitzi Kuroda became a faculty member at Baylor College of Medicine.<ref name=":0" /> Kuroda rose through the ranks at Baylor to full professor.<ref name=":1" /> In 2003, she moved to Harvard Medical School.<ref name=":0" /> Kuroda initially concentrated on regulation processes in the fruit fly. Her citation by the National Academy of Sciences upon her election said “Her lab identified the MSL ribonucleoprotein complex, and discovered that it assembles and spreads from sites of non-coding roX RNA synthesis to regulate genes specifically on the fruitfly male X chromosome. Furthermore, they dissected the sex-specific regulation of this process, and the molecular mechanism by which the MSL complex influences transcriptional elongation.” <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/2539749.html|title=NAS Members: Mitzi Kuroda|last=|first=|date=|website=National Academy of Sciences USA|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=December 1, 2018}}</ref> She has developed an important technique in which epigenetic regulators and their targets are cross linked, then analyzed via mass spectrometry. In 2017, her laboratory discovered a master regulatory complex for ''Drosophila'' development.<ref>Hyuckjoon Kang, Youngsook L. Jung, Kyle A. McElroy, Barry M. Zee, Heather A. Wallace, Jessica L. Woolnough, Peter J. Park, and Mitzi I. Kuroda.(2017) '''"'''Bivalent complexes of PRC1 with orthologs of BRD4 and MOZ/MORF target developmental genes in ''Drosophila''." ''Genes & Development'', '''31''' (19):1988-2002. DOI: 10.1101/gad.305987.117</ref> |
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Recently, she has begun studies of regulation in cancer cells. Kuroda’s laboratory has shown that BRD4-NUT regulator leads to cancer via causing histone modification changes that produce a cascade of remodleling in which domains are opened to allow inappropriate expression of genes by transcription of their RNA.<ref>A. Alekseyenko, E. Walsh, X. Wang, A. Grayson, P Hsi, P Kharchenko, M.I. Kuroda, and C. A. French. (2015) "The oncogenic BRD4-NUT chromatin regulator drives aberrant transcription within large topological domains." ''Genes Dev.'' '''29'''(14):1507-23. doi: 10.1101/gad.267583.115.</ref> |
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== Honors and Awards == |
== Honors and Awards == |
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1992 Searle Scholar |
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1997 DeBakey Excellence in Research Award from Baylor University<ref name=":0" /> |
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<nowiki>https://www.searlescholars.net/person/253</nowiki><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.searlescholars.net/person/253|title=Mitzi Kuroda|last=|first=|date=|website=Searle Scholars|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=December 1, 2018}}</ref> |
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2008 Pearl Mester Greengard Prize from Rockefeller University.<ref name=":2" /> |
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2013 National Academy of Sciences<ref name=":2" /> |
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National Academy of Arts and Sciences<ref name=":0" /> |
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== Personal Life == |
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Kuroda is married to geneticist Stephen Elledge and they have two grown children.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gruber.yale.edu/genetics/stephen-elledge|title=Stephen Elledge|last=|first=|date=|website=Yale Gruber Award|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=December 1, 2018}}</ref> |
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== Selected Works == |
== Selected Works == |
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Alekseyenko AA, Walsh EM, Wang X, Grayson AR, Hsi PT, Kharchenko PV, Kuroda MI, French CA (2015). The oncogenic BRD4-NUT chromatin regulator drives aberrant transcription within large topological domains. Genes Dev 29, 1507–1523. |
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Nugent CI, Hughes TR, Lue NF, Lundblad V. Cdc13p: a single-strand telomeric DNA-binding protein with a dual role in yeast telomere maintenance. Science. 1996 Oct 11;274(5285):249-52. |
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Kang HJ, McElroy KA, Jung YL, Alekseyenko AA, Zee BM, Park PJ, Kuroda MI (2015). Sex comb on midleg (Scm) is a functional link between PcG-repressive complexes in Drosophila. Genes Dev 29, 1136–1150. |
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Ho JWK, Jung YL, Liu T + ModEncode Consortium (2014). Comparative analysis of metazoan chromatin organization. Nature 512, 449–452. |
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Lundblad V, Wright WE. Telomeres and telomerase: a simple picture becomes complex. Cell. 1996 Nov 1;87(3):369-75. |
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Alekseyenko AA, Gorchakov AA, Zee BM, Fuchs SM, Kharchenko PV, Kuroda MI (2014). Heterochromatin-associated interactions of Drosophila HP1a with dADD1, HIPP1, and repetitive RNAs. Genes Dev 28, 1445–1460. |
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Virta-Pearlman V, Morris DK, Lundblad V. Est1 has the properties of a single-stranded telomere end-binding protein. Genes Dev. 1996 Dec 15;10(24):3094-104. |
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Ferrari F, Plachetka A, Alekseyenko AA, Jung YL, Ozsolak F, Kharchenko PV, Park PJ, and Kuroda MI (2013). “Jumpstart and gain” model for dosage compensation in Drosophila based on direct sequencing of nascent transcripts. Cell Rep 5, 629–636. |
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Lendvay TS, Morris DK, Sah J, Balasubramanian B, Lundblad V. Senescence mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a defect in telomere replication identify three additional EST genes. Genetics. 1996 Dec;144(4):1399-412. |
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Larschan E, Bishop EP, Kharchenko PV, Core LJ, Lis JT, Park PJ, Kuroda MI (2011). X chromosome dosage compensation via enhanced transcriptional elongation in Drosophila. Nature 471, 115–118. |
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Linger J, Hughes TR, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Lundblad V, Cech TR. Reverse transcriptase motifs in the catalytic subunit of telomerase. Science. 1997 Apr 25;276(5312):561-7. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 04:28, 5 December 2018
Mitzi Kuroda is a Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital.[1] She was an HHMI Investigator at Brigham and Women’s Hospital from 1993-2007.[2] She has identified many genes and enzymes involved in epigenetic regulation in the fruit fly. In addition, her research has shown the importance of epigenetics in cancer. Her laboratory has identified chromatin remodeling signals and processes that predispose cells to be transformed into cancer cells.
Early life and education
Mitzi Kuroda was born in 1958 in Fayetteville AR where she attended elementary and junior high schools.[3] She spent a year in Tokyo,Japan before returning to attend Fayetteville High School where she gradatuated as valedictorian in 1977.[3]
Mitzi Kuroda said “When I learned about recombinant DNA in college, it captured my imagination. I had to toss aside all my plans to “save the world” because the ability to make specific DNA molecules for molecular genetic experiments was just too enticing.”[1] Kuroda received her BS in Biology from Tulane University in 1981[3] and her PhD in Biological Sciences at Stanford University[3], working with mentor Charles Yanofsky.[1] Mitzi Kuroda’s work with Yanofsky involved collaboration with Iwona Stroynowski to reveal how a riboswitch mechanism called attenuation regulates operons for amino acid biosynthesis.[4]
Academic Research Career
After postdoctoral work at Stanford, Mitzi Kuroda became a faculty member at Baylor College of Medicine.[1] Kuroda rose through the ranks at Baylor to full professor.[3] In 2003, she moved to Harvard Medical School.[1] Kuroda initially concentrated on regulation processes in the fruit fly. Her citation by the National Academy of Sciences upon her election said “Her lab identified the MSL ribonucleoprotein complex, and discovered that it assembles and spreads from sites of non-coding roX RNA synthesis to regulate genes specifically on the fruitfly male X chromosome. Furthermore, they dissected the sex-specific regulation of this process, and the molecular mechanism by which the MSL complex influences transcriptional elongation.” [5] She has developed an important technique in which epigenetic regulators and their targets are cross linked, then analyzed via mass spectrometry. In 2017, her laboratory discovered a master regulatory complex for Drosophila development.[6]
Recently, she has begun studies of regulation in cancer cells. Kuroda’s laboratory has shown that BRD4-NUT regulator leads to cancer via causing histone modification changes that produce a cascade of remodleling in which domains are opened to allow inappropriate expression of genes by transcription of their RNA.[7]
Honors and Awards
1992 Searle Scholar
https://www.searlescholars.net/person/253[8]
2013 National Academy of Sciences[5]
National Academy of Arts and Sciences[1]
Personal Life
Kuroda is married to geneticist Stephen Elledge and they have two grown children.[9]
Selected Works
Alekseyenko AA, Walsh EM, Wang X, Grayson AR, Hsi PT, Kharchenko PV, Kuroda MI, French CA (2015). The oncogenic BRD4-NUT chromatin regulator drives aberrant transcription within large topological domains. Genes Dev 29, 1507–1523.
Kang HJ, McElroy KA, Jung YL, Alekseyenko AA, Zee BM, Park PJ, Kuroda MI (2015). Sex comb on midleg (Scm) is a functional link between PcG-repressive complexes in Drosophila. Genes Dev 29, 1136–1150.
Ho JWK, Jung YL, Liu T + ModEncode Consortium (2014). Comparative analysis of metazoan chromatin organization. Nature 512, 449–452.
Alekseyenko AA, Gorchakov AA, Zee BM, Fuchs SM, Kharchenko PV, Kuroda MI (2014). Heterochromatin-associated interactions of Drosophila HP1a with dADD1, HIPP1, and repetitive RNAs. Genes Dev 28, 1445–1460.
Ferrari F, Plachetka A, Alekseyenko AA, Jung YL, Ozsolak F, Kharchenko PV, Park PJ, and Kuroda MI (2013). “Jumpstart and gain” model for dosage compensation in Drosophila based on direct sequencing of nascent transcripts. Cell Rep 5, 629–636.
Larschan E, Bishop EP, Kharchenko PV, Core LJ, Lis JT, Park PJ, Kuroda MI (2011). X chromosome dosage compensation via enhanced transcriptional elongation in Drosophila. Nature 471, 115–118.
References
- ^ a b c d e f [( https://www.abcam.com/epigenetics/scientist-of-the-month-mitzi-kuroda "Scientist of the month: Mitzi Kuroda"]. ABCAM. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help); no-break space character in|url=at position 3 (help) - ^ "Mitzi I Kuroda". HHMI. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ a b c d e "Mitzi Kuroda, Hall of Honor Album" (PDF). Fayetteville AR. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ I. Stroynowski, M. Kuroda, and C. Yanofsky (1983) "Transcription termination in vitro at the tryptophan operon attenuator is controlled by secondary structures in the leader transcript" Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 80(8): 2206–2210. PMCID: PMC393787 PMID: 6340118
- ^ a b "NAS Members: Mitzi Kuroda". National Academy of Sciences USA. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ Hyuckjoon Kang, Youngsook L. Jung, Kyle A. McElroy, Barry M. Zee, Heather A. Wallace, Jessica L. Woolnough, Peter J. Park, and Mitzi I. Kuroda.(2017) "Bivalent complexes of PRC1 with orthologs of BRD4 and MOZ/MORF target developmental genes in Drosophila." Genes & Development, 31 (19):1988-2002. DOI: 10.1101/gad.305987.117
- ^ A. Alekseyenko, E. Walsh, X. Wang, A. Grayson, P Hsi, P Kharchenko, M.I. Kuroda, and C. A. French. (2015) "The oncogenic BRD4-NUT chromatin regulator drives aberrant transcription within large topological domains." Genes Dev. 29(14):1507-23. doi: 10.1101/gad.267583.115.
- ^ "Mitzi Kuroda". Searle Scholars. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ "Stephen Elledge". Yale Gruber Award. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help)