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Lella and Massimo Vignelli in front of the Vignelli Center for Design Studies at Rochester Institute of Technology in 2010

Vignelli Associates was a design firm co-founded and run by Massimo and Lella Vignelli in New York City, from 1971 until 2014.[1][2][3][4] They worked firmly within the modernist tradition, stressing simplicity by using basic geometric shapes and a limited range of typefaces.[5] Their design work, encompassing graphic design, branding and corporate identity, architecture and interiors, and industrial design is considered among the most influential of the 20th century.[6][7][8]

Founding

In 1965, Massimo Vignelli co-founded the corporate design consultancy Unimark International with Bob Noorda, and Ralph Eckerstrom.[9] In 1971, Vignelli resigned from Unimark, in part because the design vision which he supported became diluted as the company grew, diversified, and increasingly emphasized marketing, rather than design.[10] Soon after, Massimo and Lella Vignelli founded Vignelli Associates,[11][12] opening offices in New York, Paris, and Milan.[13]

Work

Vignelli's 1967 American Airlines logo and aircraft livery
A close up of Vignelli's 2008 redesign on their 1972 New York City subway map

Some of their most well-known designs involved brand identity for major clients including Knoll International (1965), for which they led a comprehensive review of the company's visual presence, American Airlines (1967), for which they designed the airline's iconic logo, and the New York City Subway, for which they designed the signage and wayfinding systems and map first at Unimark and then as Vignelli Associates.[14]

In later years, the couple's noteworthy commissions included the corporate identities for Bloomingdale's department store (1972) and for automobile and motorcycle manufacturers Lancia (1978) and Ducati (1992), as well as the signage system for the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao (1997).[14] Their significant furniture designs included the Handkerchief chair for Knoll International (1982), the Serenissimo table (1985) for Italian manufacturer Acerbis, and the Magic coffee table (1990) for Acerbis's lower-priced Morphos label.[14] Other Vignelli designs have also included retail layouts for Artemide, jewelry for Cleto Munari, and glassware for Venini and Steuben Glass Works.[14]

Former Vignelli Associates employee Michael Bierut wrote that "it seemed to me that the whole city of New York was a permanent Vignelli exhibition [around 1981]. To get to the office, I rode in a subway with Vignelli-designed signage, shared the sidewalk with people holding Vignelli-designed Bloomingdale’s shopping bags, walked by St. Peter’s Church with its Vignelli-designed pipe organ visible through the window. At Vignelli Associates, I felt I was at the center of the universe."[15]

Vignelli Associate's work was recognized by Compasso d'Oro awards (in 1964 and 1998)[16], and with a shared AIGA Gold Medal (1983) for their accomplishments and contributions to design.[16] AIGA described their design output together as "prodigious in quantity, far-ranging in media and scope and consistent in excellence."[17] In addition, Lella and Massimo were each individually honored with a wide range of awards and honorary degrees over the course of their lives and careers.

Archives and legacy

In 2008, Massimo and Lella Vignelli agreed to donate the entire archive of their design work to Rochester Institute of Technology. The archive is housed in a new building designed by Lella and Massimo Vignelli, The Vignelli Center For Design Studies. The building, which opened in September 2010, includes among its many offerings exhibition spaces, classrooms, and offices. Massimo Vignelli said of it:

The Vignelli Center for Design Studies will house our comprehensive archive of graphic design, furniture and objects, under the direction of R. Roger Remington, the Vignelli Distinguished Professor of Design at RIT, the center will foster studies related to Modernist design with programs and exhibitions on our work as well as other related subjects.[18]

Massimo Vignelli died on May 27, 2014 in New York City, at the age of 83.[19][20][21][22] Lella Vignelli died in her home in Manhattan on December 22, 2016, at age 82, from dementia.[23][24]

References

  1. ^ Conradi, Jan (18 September 2010). "Looking Back, Thinking Forward: A Narrative of the Vignellis". Design Observer. Archived from the original on 21 January 2013.
  2. ^ "Lella & Massimo Vignelli". Heller Online Inc. Archived from the original on February 25, 2012.
  3. ^ "Lella Vignelli". Designnet.org.
  4. ^ Vit, Armin; Gomez Palacio, Bryony (2009). Graphic Design, Referenced: A Visual Guide to the Language, Applications, and History of Graphic Design. Rockport Publishers. p. 160. ISBN 9781592534470.
  5. ^ Bierut, Michael. "Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Typeface". Design Observer. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
  6. ^ Dunne, Carey (2014-05-27). "R.I.P. Massimo Vignelli, One Of The Greatest 20th Century Designers". Fast Company. Retrieved 2021-12-19.
  7. ^ "Eye Magazine | Feature | Reputations: Massimo Vignelli". www.eyemagazine.com. Retrieved 2021-12-19.
  8. ^ "Vignelli Legacy | Vignelli Center | RIT". www.rit.edu. Retrieved 2021-12-19.
  9. ^ Woodham, Jonathan M. (2004). Dictionary of Modern Design (1st ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780192800978.
  10. ^ Conradi, Jan (2010). Unimark International: The Design of Business and the Business of Design. Lars Müller Publishers. ISBN 978-3-03778-184-5
  11. ^ "Massimo Vignelli". Art-directory.info. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
  12. ^ Profiles, Graphis Portfolios, archived from the original on September 24, 2008, retrieved May 29, 2014
  13. ^ Ockman, Joan (1981). Design Vignelli. Milano-Italia: Amilcare Pizzi S.p.A. p. 5. ISBN 0-8478-0373-2.
  14. ^ a b c d Woodham, Jonathan M. (2004). A Dictionary of Modern Design (1st ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780192800978.
  15. ^ Bierut, Michael. "Massimo Vignelli, 1931-2014". Design Observer. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
  16. ^ a b Woodham, Jonathan M. (2004). A Dictionary of Modern Design (1st ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780192800978.
  17. ^ "1982 AIGA Medalist: Massimo and Lella Vignelli". AIGA | the professional association for design. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  18. ^ "RIT Holds Groundbreaking for Vignelli Center for Design Studies on Oct 7". Rochester Institute of Technology. Archived from the original on 2010-06-01.
  19. ^ Montgomery, Angus (April 20, 2006). "Massimo Vignelli dies aged 83 | News". Design Week. Retrieved May 28, 2014.
  20. ^ Williams, Keith. "Massimo Vignelli, who once designed the New York City subway map and created the Bloomingdale's "brown bag," died at 83 - WSJ.com". Online.wsj.com. Retrieved May 28, 2014.
  21. ^ Martin, Douglas (2014-05-27). "Massimo Vignelli, Visionary Designer Who Untangled the Subway, Dies at 83". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-12-19.
  22. ^ Quito, Anne. "A legendary Italian designer designed his own funeral, and he didn't miss a detail". Quartz. Retrieved 2021-12-19.
  23. ^ "Lella Vignelli, a Designer With a Spare, Elegant Style, Dies at 82". The New York Times. 28 December 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
  24. ^ "Pioneering designer Lella Vignelli dies aged 82". Dezeen. 2016-12-23. Retrieved 2021-12-20.
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