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Hurricane Bonnie (2022)

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Hurricane Bonnie
Current storm status
Category 3 hurricane (1-min mean)
Satellite image
Forecast map
As of:10:00 a.m. CDT (15:00 UTC) July 5
Location:15°18′N 104°18′W / 15.3°N 104.3°W / 15.3; -104.3 (Hurricane Bonnie) ± 20 nm
About 250 mi (400 km) SW of Zihuatanejo, Mexico
Sustained winds:100 knots (115 mph; 185 km/h) (1-min mean)
gusting to 120 knots (140 mph; 220 km/h)
Pressure:964 mbar (28.47 inHg)
Movement:W at 12 knots (14 mph; 22 km/h)
See more detailed information.

Hurricane Bonnie is a tropical cyclone which is currently active in the Eastern Pacific Ocean parallel to Mexico. The second named storm of the 2022 Atlantic hurricane season, Bonnie originated from a tropical wave that moved off the west coast of Africa on June 23. Moving northwards with little development due to favorable conditions, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) started advisories on it as Potential Tropical Cyclone Two late on June 27, due to its imminent threat to land. The disturbance finally organized into Tropical Storm Bonnie at 13:15 UTC on July 1, and strengthened to its Atlantic basin peak intensity of 50 miles per hour (80 km/h). It later became the fourth named storm, third hurricane, and first major hurricane of the 2022 Pacific hurricane season after crossing Nicaragua and Costa Rica from east to west on July 2 and intensifying to a Category 3 hurricane on July 5.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

The origins of Bonnie can be traced to a tropical wave which emerged of the west coast of Africa on June 23, which was tracked by the NHC.[1] The wave had unusually favorable conditions in the Main Development Region (MDR) for June, as the system emerged very far south and was able to dodge some unfavorable conditions such as a Saharan Air Layer to its north. The disturbance was also located within an area with ocean temperatures of 82°F (28°C) and low wind shear.[2] By June 25, the wave had become better-defined, however, it only produced limited shower and thunderstorm activity, which increased over the following several hours, while it moved to the west-northwest toward the southernmost Windward Islands.[3][4] Due to the threat the disturbance posed to the Windward Islands, it was designated as Potential Tropical Cyclone Two at 21:00 UTC on June 27. Around this time, NOAA Hurricane Hunters reconnaissance aircraft found an area of tropical storm-force winds, despite not finding a closed circulation.[5]

Tropical Storm Bonnie off the coast of Costa Rica on July 4

As the system approached the Windward Islands, the mid-level circulation was displaced and convection was disoriented onto an east to west line.[6] As it crossed the Windward Islands on the morning of June 29, the disturbance appeared like a tropical cyclone on conventional satellite data, displaying large bursts of convention near the center and prominent rainbands, speed westward at 23 knots (26 mph; 43 km/h). However, observations from microwave data still displayed the wave as lacking a well-defined center or low-level structure.[7] The disturbance then moved along the ABC Islands and northern coast of South America, producing heavy rainfall throughout the region from spiral rainbands.[8] The formative low-level center thereafter on the Guajira Peninsula of South America, around 09:00 UTC on June 30; the mid-levels of the disturbance also became better-defined.[9] Deep convection associated with the system persisted at sufficient convection.[10]

Based on another Hurricane hunter reconnaissance aircraft into the disturbance, data confirmed that the circulation had become well-defined.[11] The disturbance became a tropical storm, receiving the name Bonnie on July 1 at 13:15 UTC.[12] According to satellite imagery, the storm became better organized with deeper convection at the center.[13] At 03:00 UTC on July 2, Bonnie made landfall near the Costa Rica–Nicaragua border.[14] At the time, it had sustained winds of 50 mph (80 km/h).[15] Following landfall, Bonnie moved through Central America, with the coldest clouds top on the center.[16]

At 15:00 UTC on July 2, Bonnie crossed over into the Pacific basin, becoming the first to survive the crossover from the Atlantic to the Pacific since Hurricane Otto in 2016.[17][18] The well-defined center of circulation and banding persisted in the storm several hours later.[19] Microwave imaging indicated that an inner core developed.[20] Bonnie continued to organize, with satellite images showing a strong convective band on the western portions of the storm.[21] Bonnie strengthened into a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale by July 4 just south of Salina Cruz, Oaxaca, making it the third hurricane of the Pacific hurricane season.[22] Nine hours later, the ragged eye of the cyclone developed that was visible on satellite imagery.[23][24] Later that day, Bonnie intensified into a Category 2 system as an inner core and distinct eye became apparent and upper-level outflow became fairly well-defined.[25][26] Further intensification was briefly halted by an increase of northerly to northeasterly wind shear overnight on July 4–5, but soon resumed, and at 15:00 UTC on July 5, Bonnie became the season's first Category 3 major hurricane.[27][28]

Current storm information

As of 10:00 a.m. CDT (15:00 UTC) July 5, Hurricane Bonnie is located within 20 nautical miles of 15°18′N 104°18′W / 15.3°N 104.3°W / 15.3; -104.3 (Bonnie), about 250 mi (400 km) southwest of Zihuatanejo, Mexico. Maximum sustained winds are 100 knots (115 mph; 185 km/h), gusting up to 120 knots (140 mph; 220 km/h). The minimum barometric pressure is 964 mbar (28.47 inHg), and the system is moving west at 12 knots (14 mph; 22 km/h). Hurricane-force winds extend outward up to 30 miles (45 km) and tropical-storm-force winds extend outward up to 115 miles (185 km) from the center of Bonnie.

For the latest official information, see:

Preparations and impacts

Potential Tropical Cyclone Two approaching the Windward Islands on June 28

Upon designation as a potential tropical cyclone late on June 27, a Tropical Storm Warning was posted for Trinidad and Tobago and Grenada.[29] These warnings were cancelled by 09:00 UTC on June 29.[30]

Trinidad and Tobago

In Trinidad and Tobago, an orange level tropical storm warning was issued by the national meteorological office. Schools were closed on June 28 for non-CAPE students and were to resume the next day.[31] Several domestic flights to and from the United States, Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname, St. Maarten, and Curaçao by carrier Caribbean Airlines were cancelled or delayed.[32] The government of Trinidad and Tobago considered allowing public sector employees to work remotely under weather alerts. Government buildings closed at noon on June 28, but several private businesses closed earlier. Ferry services to Tobago were called off and the last ferry to leave for San Fernando departed from Port of Spain on the afternoon of June 28.[33] A total of 387 shelters were prepared for the storm, 712 municipal officers were deployed to ensure safety of vehicles parked at these facilities.[34]

Trinidad and Tobago was left with mostly minimal damage from the potential tropical cyclone, with some areas receiving heavy rainfall and flash flooding.[35] On the island of Tobago, emergency agencies received two reports of roof damage, four of downed trees, one of a vehicle accident, and a collapsed home.[36] A 79-year old woman who was inside the wooden home which collapsed on the morning of June 29 escaped unharmed but lost all belongings in her home which she had owned for over 20 years.[37] Nesting sites of leatherback turtles at beaches in Grande Riviere were severely impacted by floodwaters, washing away thousands of eggs. At least 40 homes in the village were flooded; flooding up to 6 feet (1.82 m) deep scattered organic debris across the beach. Several mudslides and rockfalls occurred along a road linking the villages of Monte Video and Matelot.[38] More than 200,000 customers nationwide lost access to drinking water, which affected 26 communities and several water treatment facilities.[39]

Elsewhere

In Costa Rica, a total of 3,572 people had been evacuated in different parts of the country to shelters, after registering flooding and landslides.[40] Furthermore, 15 cantons were under a red alert,[41] and 8,593 homes were left without power in Costa Rica.[42] In Grenada, electricity providers warned citizens to prepare for power outages and to not touch downed power lines.[43] In Chiriquí Province, Panama, several families were evacuated due to landslides and heavy rainfall.[44] In Colombia, the government warned the Island of San Andrés, while in neighboring Venezuela, classes and flights were suspended.[45] Meanwhile, the governments of Nicaragua and Honduras issued alerts to their whole territories for the storm.[46] Bonnie killed one person in El Salvador.[47] In Nicaragua, authorities reported four deaths in relation to the storm.[48] On July 4, 2022, authorities in Mexico warned of heavy rainfall in several states, and warned of waves of up to 3 to 5 meters in the coasts of the states of Oaxaca and Guerrero.[49]

See also

References

  1. ^ Hagen, Andrew; Berg, Robbie (June 23, 2022). Two Day Graphical Tropical Weather Outlook (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 23, 2022.
  2. ^ Masters, Jeff (2022-06-24). "Unusual early-season threat in Atlantic's main development region » Yale Climate Connections". Yale Climate Connections. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
  3. ^ Reinhart, Brad (June 25, 2022). Two Day Graphical Tropical Weather Outlook (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 25, 2022.
  4. ^ Blake, Eric; Bucci, Lisa (June 26, 2022). Two Day Graphical Tropical Weather Outlook (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 26, 2022.
  5. ^ Pasch, Richard (June 27, 2022). Potential Tropical Cyclone Two Discussion Number 1 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
  6. ^ Blake, Eric (June 28, 2022). Potential Tropical Cyclone Two Discussion Number 3 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  7. ^ Blake, Eric (June 29, 2022). Potential Tropical Cyclone Two Discussion Number 7 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 29, 2022.
  8. ^ Masters, Jeff (2022-06-29). "Disturbance 95L threatens heavy rains for Texas; disturbance PTC 2 speeds across southern Caribbean » Yale Climate Connections". Yale Climate Connections. Archived from the original on June 1, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-01. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; July 1, 2022 suggested (help)
  9. ^ Berg, Robbie (June 30, 2022). Potential Tropical Cyclone Two Discussion Number 11 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
  10. ^ Pasch, Richard (June 30, 2022). Potential Tropical Cyclone Two Discussion Number 13 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
  11. ^ Cangialosi, John; Hogsett, Wallace (July 1, 2022). Tropical Storm Bonnie Discussion Number 16 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
  12. ^ Cangialosi, John; Hogsett, Wallace (July 1, 2022). Tropical Storm Bonnie Tropical Cyclone Update (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
  13. ^ Cangialosi, John; Hogsett, Wallace (July 1, 2022). Tropical Storm Bonnie Discussion Number 17 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
  14. ^ Beven, Jack (July 1, 2022). Tropical Storm Bonnie Discussion Number 18 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
  15. ^ Beven, Jack (July 1, 2022). Tropical Storm Bonnie Advisory Number 18 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 5, 2022.
  16. ^ Papin, Philippe (July 2, 2022). Tropical Storm Bonnie Discussion Number 19 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 2, 2022.
  17. ^ Masters, Jeff; Henson, bob (July 2, 2022). "Tropical Storm Colin forms along the South Carolina coast". New Haven Connecticut: Yale Climate Connections. Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved July 2, 2022.
  18. ^ Hogsett, Wallace (July 2, 2022). Tropical Storm Bonnie Discussion Number 20 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 2, 2022.
  19. ^ Hogsett, Wallace; Cangialosi, John (July 2, 2022). Tropical Storm Bonnie Discussion Number 21 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 2, 2022.
  20. ^ Roberts, Dave (July 2, 2022). Tropical Storm Bonnie Discussion Number 22 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 2, 2022.
  21. ^ Cangialosi, John (July 3, 2022). Tropical Storm Bonnie Discussion Number 24 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 3, 2022.
  22. ^ Pasch, Richard (July 3, 2022). Hurricane Bonnie Advisory Number 26 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 3, 2022.
  23. ^ Reinhart, Brad (July 4, 2022). Hurricane Bonnie Discussion Number 27 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
  24. ^ Brown, Dan (July 4, 2022). Hurricane Bonnie Discussion Number 28 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
  25. ^ Cangialosi, John (July 4, 2022). Hurricane Bonnie Discussion Number 29 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
  26. ^ Pasch, Richard; Bucci, Lisa (July 4, 2022). Hurricane Bonnie Discussion Number 30 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
  27. ^ Beven, Jack (July 5, 2022). Hurricane Bonnie Discussion Number 31 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 5, 2022.
  28. ^ Roberts, Dave (July 5, 2022). Hurricane Bonnie Advisory Number 32 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 5, 2022.
  29. ^ Pasch, Richard (June 27, 2022). Potential Tropical Cyclone Two Forecast/Advisory Number 1 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
  30. ^ Blake, Jack (June 29, 2022). Potential Tropical Cyclone Two Forecast/Advisory Number 7 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 29, 2022.
  31. ^ "CAPE exams only: Schools to remain closed ahead of bad weather". Loop TT. 2022-06-29. Archived from the original on July 5, 2022.
  32. ^ "(UPDATED) Caribbean Airlines cancels New York, Miami flights". Trinidad and Tobago Newsday. 2022-06-29. Archived from the original on June 1, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-01. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; July 1, 2022 suggested (help)
  33. ^ "Work from home possible as Trinidad and Tobago braces for storm". Trinidad and Tobago Newsday. 2022-06-28. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
  34. ^ "Minister: 387 shelters put into operation". www.guardian.co.tt. Archived from the original on June 1, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-01. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; July 1, 2022 suggested (help)
  35. ^ "Warning as T&T escapes serious impacts from storm system | News Extra | trinidadexpress.com". trinidadexpress.com. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
  36. ^ "Damaged homes, fallen trees in Tobago | Loop Trinidad & Tobago". Loop News. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
  37. ^ "Strong winds damage elderly Tobago woman's home". Trinidad and Tobago Newsday. 2022-06-30. Archived from the original on June 1, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-01. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; July 1, 2022 suggested (help)
  38. ^ "A leatherback turtle tragedy in Grande Riviere". Trinidad Express Newspapers. Archived from the original on June 1, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-01. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; July 1, 2022 suggested (help)
  39. ^ "WASA working to restore water to 200,000 customers after bad weather". Trinidad and Tobago Newsday. 2022-06-30. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
  40. ^ "Bonnie: Cruz Roja atendió 28 incidentes por inundaciones y rescató a 15 personas" [Bonnie: Red Cross attended 28 flood incidents and rescued 15 people]. CRHoy.com (in Spanish). 2022-07-02. Archived from the original on July 3, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-02.
  41. ^ "Más de 1500 personas albergadas por ingreso de Bonnie" [Over 1,500 people sheltered by Bonnie's admission]. CRHoy (in Spanish). 2022-07-02. Archived from the original on June 3, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-02. {{cite news}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; July 3, 2022 suggested (help)
  42. ^ "Más de 8.500 casas sin electricidad tras paso de tormenta tropical" [More than 8,500 houses without electricity after the passage of a tropical storm]. CRHoy.com (in Spanish). 2022-07-02. Archived from the original on July 3, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-02.
  43. ^ "Grenlec urges customers to be prepared for inclement weather", Now Grenada, archived from the original on July 1, 2022, retrieved June 30, 2022
  44. ^ Saldaña, Jaime (2022-07-02). "Bugaba: Desalojan a varias familias por tormenta Bonnie" [Bugaba: Several families evicted by storm Bonnie]. Eco Panamá (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-07-02.
  45. ^ "Alerta en Venezuela por la tormenta tropical Bonnie que azotará parte del Caribe" [Alert in Venezuela for tropical storm Bonnie that will hit part of the Caribbean]. Infobae (in Spanish). 29 June 2022. Archived from the original on July 2, 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022.
  46. ^ "Bonnie llevará fuertes lluvias, posibles inundaciones y deslizamientos afectando cinco países de Centroamérica y el Caribe" [Bonnie will bring heavy rains, possible floods and landslides affecting five countries in Central America and the Caribbean] (in Spanish). CNN en Español. 1 July 2022. Archived from the original on July 2, 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022.
  47. ^ "Tropical Storm Bonnie leaves 1 dead and damage in El Salvador". Tico Times. AFP. Archived from the original on June 4, 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; July 4, 2022 suggested (help)
  48. ^ "Reportan al menos cuatro muertos tras el paso de tormenta Bonnie en Nicaragua" [At least four deaths are reported after the passage of storm Bonnie in Nicaragua]. Infobae (in Spanish). Archived from the original on July 4, 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
  49. ^ "Bonnie se intensifica a huracán en el Pacífico de México" [Bonnie intensifies into a hurricane in the Mexican Pacific]. Infobae (in Spanish). 4 July 2022. Archived from the original on July 5, 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
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