Kermia
| Kermia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Shell of Kermia melanoxytum (Hervier, 1896) (specimen at MNHN, Paris) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Conoidea |
| Family: | Raphitomidae |
| Genus: | Kermia Oliver, 1915 |
| Type species | |
| Kermia benhami Oliver, 1915
| |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Clathurina Melvill, 1917 | |
Kermia is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Raphitomidae.[1]
This genus is closely related to Pseudodaphnella Boettger, 1895. They form together a genus-complex with a highly underestimated diversity, leading to intermixed clades. The lack of morphologic criteria requires the generic assignment of several species clearly to be reconsidered.
Description
[edit]The elongate, fusiform shell has a narrow aperture that is nearly half the length of the shell. The protoconch consists of two whorls. But only in a few species the sculpture of the protoconch is coarsely diagonally reticulate. The shell structure is reticulate with glossy nodules on the intersections of the ribs and lirae. The siphonal canal is short and wide. The U-shaped or linguiform anal sinus is deep, located near the suture and is surrounded by a thick outer lip. The outer lip is denticulate within. The columella is smooth.[2]
Distribution
[edit]This marine genus is widely distributed in the Indo Pacific, from the Red Sea to Easter Island; off Queensland, Australia
Species
[edit]Species within the genus Kermia include:[1]
- Kermia aegyptiaca Kilburn & Dekker, 2008[3]
- Kermia aglaia (Melvill, 1904)[4]
- Kermia albicaudata (Smith E. A., 1882)[5]
- Kermia albifuniculata (Reeve, 1846)[6]
- Kermia alveolata (Dautzenberg, 1912)[7]
- Kermia aniani Kay, 1979[8]
- Kermia apicalis (Montrouzier in Souverbie, 1861)
- Kermia benhami Oliver, 1915[9]
- Kermia bifasciata (Pease, 1860)[10]
- Kermia brunnea (Pease, 1860)[11]
- † Kermia bulbosa Harzhauser, 2014
- Kermia caletria (Melvill & Standen, 1896)[12]
- Kermia canistra (Hedley, 1922)[13]
- Kermia catharia (Melvill, 1917)[14]
- Kermia cavernosa (Reeve, 1845)
- Kermia chichijimana (Pilsbry, 1904)[15]
- Kermia clathurelloides Kilburn, 2009
- Kermia crassula Rehder, 1980[16]
- Kermia cylindrica (Pease, 1860)[17]
- Kermia daedalea (Garrett, 1873) [18]
- Kermia drupelloides Kilburn, 2009
- Kermia episema (Melvill & Standen, 1896)
- Kermia eugenei Kilburn, 2009
- Kermia euryacme (Melvill, 1927)
- Kermia euzonata (Hervier, 1897)
- Kermia felina (Reeve, 1843)
- Kermia geraldsmithi Kilburn, 2009
- Kermia granosa (Dunker, 1871)[19]
- Kermia harenula (Hedley, 1922)[20]
- Kermia informa McLean & Poorman, 1971[21]
- Kermia irretita (Hedley, 1899)
- Kermia lutea (Pease, 1860)[22]
- Kermia maculosa (Pease, 1863)
- Kermia margaritifera (Reeve, 1846)
- Kermia melanoxytum (Hervier, 1896)[23]
- Kermia netrodes Melvill, 1917
- Kermia producta (Pease, 1860)[24]
- Kermia pumila (Mighels, 1845)[25]
- Kermia punctifera (Garrett, 1873)
- Kermia pustulosum (Folin, 1867)[26]
- Kermia sagenaria Rehder, 1980[27]
- Kermia spanionema Melvill, 1917
- Kermia subcylindrica (Hervier, 1897)[28]
- Kermia tessellata (Hinds, 1843)[29]
- Kermia thespesia (Melvill & Standen, 1896)[30]
- Kermia thorssoni Chang, 2001[31]
- Kermia tippetti Chang, 2001[32]
- Kermia tokyoensis (Pilsbry, 1895)
- Species brought into synonymy
- Kermia anxia Hedley, 1909 : synonym of Exomilus edychrous (Hervier, 1897)
- Kermia barnardi (Brazier, 1876): synonym of Pseudodaphnella barnardi (Brazier, 1876)
- Kermia chrysolitha (Melvill & Standen, 1896): synonym of Kermia punctifera (Garrett, 1873)
- Kermia clandestina Deshayes, 1863: synonym of Kermia pumila clandestina (Deshayes, 1863)
- Kermia edychroa (Hervier, 1897):[33] synonym of Exomilus edychrous (Hervier, 1897)
- Kermia gracilis de Folin, 1879 : synonym of Exomilus edychrous (Hervier, 1897)
- Kermia hirsuta (de Folin, 1867): synonym of Microdaphne trichodes (Dall, 1919)
- Kermia margaritifera Reeve, 1846: synonym of Kermia foraminata (Reeve, 1845)
- Kermia mauritiana Sowerby, 1893: synonym of Kermia producta (Pease, 1860)
- Kermia oligoina Hedley, 1922: synonym of Pseudodaphnella oligoina Hedley, 1922
- Kermia picta Dunker, 1871: synonym of Philbertia felina (Reeve, 1843)
- Kermia pyrgodea (Melvill, 1917):[34] synonym of Kermia producta (Pease, 1860)
- Kermia receptoria (Melvill & Standen, 1901): synonym of Daphnella receptoria Melvill & Standen, 1901
- Kermia rufolirata (Hervier, 1897):[35] synonym of Pseudodaphnella rufolirata (Hervier, 1897)
- Kermia semilineata Garrett, 1873 : synonym of Kermia granosa (Dunker, 1871)
- Kermia spelaeodea (Hervier, 1897):[36] synonym of Pseudodaphnella infrasulcata (Garrett, 1873)
- Kermia subspurca (Hervier, 1896):[37] synonym of Hemilienardia subspurca (Hervier, 1896)
- Kermia thereganum Melvill & Standen, 1896: synonym of Kermia lutea (Pease, 1860)
- Kermia violacea Pease, W.H., 1868 : synonym of Kermia pumila (Mighels, 1845)
- Species that are nomem dubium
- Kermia foraminata (Reeve, 1845)[38]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Kermia Oliver, 1915. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 3 October 2010.
- ^ W.R.B. Oliver, The Mollusca of the Kermadec Islands; Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute Volume: 47 (1915)
- ^ Kermia aegyptiaca Kilburn & Dekker, 2008. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia aglaia (Melvill, 1904). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia albicaudata (Smith E. A., 1882). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia albifuniculata (Reeve, 1846). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia alveolata (Dautzenberg, 1912). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia aniani Kay, 1979. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia benhami Oliver, 1915. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia bifasciata (Pease, 1860). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia brunnea (Pease, 1860). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia caletria (Melvill & Standen, 1896). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia canistra (Hedley, 1922). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia catharia (Melvill, 1917). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia chichijimana (Pilsbry, 1904). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia crassula Rehder, 1980. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia cylindrica (Pease, 1860). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia daedalea. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia granosa (Dunker, 1871). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia harenula (Hedley, 1922). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia informa McLean & Poorman, 1971. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia lutea (Pease, 1860). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia melanoxytum (Hervier, 1896). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia producta (Pease, 1860). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia pumila (Mighels, 1845). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia pustulosum (Folin, 1867). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia sagenaria Rehder, 1980. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia subcylindrica (Hervier, 1897). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia tessellata (Hinds, 1843). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia thespesia (Melvill & Standen, 1896). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia thorssoni Chang, 2001. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia tippetti Chang, 2001. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia edychroa (Hervier, 1897). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia pyrgodea (Melvill, 1917). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia rufolirata (Hervier, 1897). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia spelaeodea (Hervier, 1897). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia subspurcum (Hervier, 1896). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- ^ Kermia foraminata (Reeve, 1845). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
- Bouchet P., Kantor Yu.I., Sysoev A. & Puillandre N. (2011) A new operational classification of the Conoidea. Journal of Molluscan Studies 77: 273-308.
- Powell, A.W.B. 1966. The molluscan families Speightiidae and Turridae, an evaluation of the valid taxa, both Recent and fossil, with list of characteristic species. Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum. Auckland, New Zealand 5: 1–184, pls 1–23
- Kilburn, R. N. 2009. Genus Kermia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea: Conidae: Raphitominae) in South African waters, with observations on the identities of related extralimital species. African Invertebrates 50(2): 217-236
External links
[edit]- Tucker, J.K. (2004). "Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 682: 1–1295. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.682.1.1.
- Gastropods.com for images
- Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base: Raphitomidae
- Oliver W.R.B. (1915) The Mollusca of the Kermadec Islands. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 47, 509–568, pls. 9–12
- Fedosov, Alexander E., and Nicolas Puillandre. "Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Kermia–Pseudodaphnella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Raphitomidae) genus complex: a remarkable radiation via diversification of larval development." Systematics and Biodiversity 10.4 (2012): 447-477 Archived 2021-09-10 at the Wayback Machine
- Baoquan Li & Xinzheng Li (2014) Report on the Raphitomidae Bellardi, 1875 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea) from the China Seas, Journal of Natural History, 48:17-18, 999-1025