Lucy Pickens
Lucy Petway Holcombe Pickens (June 11, 1832 – August 8, 1899) was a 19th Century American socialite, known during and after her lifetime as the Queen of the Confederacy. She was described as "beautiful, brilliant, and captivating" by her male contemporaries and this perception of her helped shape the stereotype of the "Southern belle".
She was born to Beverly LaFayette Holcombe and Eugenia Dorothea Hunt Holcombe at the family plantation near La Grange, Tennessee. She attended La Grange Female Academy before switching to a finishing school in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania with older sister, Anna Eliza, from 1846-1848. In 1848, the Holcombes moved to Marshall, Texas and lived in the Capitol Hotel while waiting for the construction of their plantation Wyalucing.
In the summer of 1857, she met Colonel Francis Wilkinson Pickens of South Carolina, who proceeded to court her with little success. In January 1858, after his defeat for a Senate seat, he accepted an appointment as the U.S. ambassador to Russia. Suddenly she accepted his previous proposal and they were married at Wyalucing on April 26, 1858.
Lucy became a favorite at the Russian court of Alexander II. She and her husband befriended Alexander and his wife Maria Alexandrovna. Lucy gave birth to a daughter, Olga Neva Francesca Eugenia Dorothea Pickens, in the Winter Palace. The tsar and tsaritsa became Godparents of the Pickens' daughter and the tsar gave her the nickname of Douschka, meaning Darling in Russian.
A longing for South Carolina and its increasing movement toward secession caused the Pickens family to return home in August 1860. Francis W. Pickens was elected governor by the General Assembly of South Carolina on December 17, only three days before the State seceeded from the Union. Lucy was an advocate of the secession of the U.S. Southern states, and was the only woman to be depicted on the currency of the Confederate States of America (three issues of the $100 CSA bill and one issue of the $1 CSA bill, which were printed in Columbia, South Carolina). She was also featured on one issue of $1,000 CSA loan certificates. In April 1861, Lucy witnessed the shelling of Fort Sumter from a rooftop in Charleston, South Carolina. In November 1861, a unit of the Confederate Army was formed and called the Holcombe Legion in her honor and she designed and sewed its flag. It is claimed that she financed its equipment by the sale of some of the jewels given to her by the tsar.
References
- Edmunds, John B., Jr., "Francis W. Pickens and the Politics of Destruction", U of North Carolina Press, 1986. ISBN 0-8078-1699-x
- Lewis, Elizabeth W., "Queen of the Confederacy: The Innocent Deceits of Lucy Holcombe Pickens", U of North Texas Press, 2002. ISBN 1-57441-146-2
- Stone, DeWitt B., Jr., "Wandering to Glory: Confederate Veterans Remember Evans' Brigade", U of South Carolina Press, 2002. ISBN 1-57003-433-8