Rudesind
Saint Rudesind | |
|---|---|
| Born | November 26, 907 Cela or Valdesalas[1], Galicia |
| Died | March 1, 977 Celanova |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Canonized | 1195 by Pope Celestine III |
| Major shrine | Celanova Abbey |
| Feast | March 1 |
| Patronage | Pinar del Río, Cuba |
Saint Rudesind (Template:Lang-gl; Template:Lang-lat) (November 26, 907—March 1, 977) was an Galician (NW Spain) bishop and abbot. He was born into the nobility; his father was Count Gutiérre Menéndez (Template:Lang-lat), brother-in-law to Ordoño II and supporter of Alfonso III of León, and his mother was St. Ilduaria Eriz (Template:Lang-lat), a cousin to Alfonso III.[2][3] Rudesind was related to the abbess Saint Senorina. He became a Benedictine monk at a young age and became bishop of Mondoñedo (Dumium) at the age of 18, succeeding his uncle Albaric (Albarico, also known as Sabarico II).[4]
Founder of Monasteries
He founded, under the Benedictine Rule, monasteries such as Saint John of Caaveiro (San Xoán de Caaveiro) (934) and Celanova Abbey (September 12, 936).
To build Caaveiro, he managed to make his brother Fruela (Template:Lang-lat) and his cousin Jimena (Template:Lang-lat) give up their rights to the land of Villar, where he built this monastery.[5]
Administrative and military career
In 955, he was named by King Ordoño III governor of the lands of Celanova. Rudesind also had jurisdiction over the lands that extended from Riocaldo (the southern boundary of Galicia) to Santa Maria de Ortigueira (on the Cantabrian coast).[6] Later, at the request of Elvira Ramírez (Template:Lang-lat), aunt of the future Ramiro III, he was made governor of Galicia, from spring of 968 to early 969.[7]
He led forces against Norse and Moorish armies. The Moors had crossed the Mondego and had reached the Minho.[8]
In 966, the Norsemen had raided Galicia and killed the warlord and bishop of Santiago de Compostela Sisenand in battle, but Rudesind later rallied the local forces and killed their leader Gundered.
Episcopal career
Rudesind had already served as bishop of Mondoñedo - Dumio. After the killing of Sisnand in the battle of Fornelos, Rudesind was appointed administrator of the See of Iria Flavia, and he was in charge of that diocese from 968 to 977. After 977, he retired from his sees (he was succeeded at Compostela by Pelayo Rodríguez, a monk of Celanova).
Career as abbot
Rudesind succeeded St. Franquila (originally from the monastery of Ribas de Sil) as abbot of Celanova. As abbot of Celanova, he was a leading figure of his time, and received visits from religious leaders throughout Galicia and Portugal who wanted spiritual advice.[9] A deacon named Egila, in a donation that he made to Celanova, wrote this to Rudesind: "To you, eminent bishop, Rudesind, holiest father, true teacher, who teaches your subjects with your words and deeds...".[10] He earned a reputation for performing miracles.[11]
Veneration
In 1601, his relics were exhumed and placed in a silver urn at the principal altar of the church of Celanova Abbey.[12]
Legends
A legend told of Rudesind concerns his birth. His mother had had previous children, but they had all died in infancy. When her husband Gutierre went on an expedition to Coimbra with Alfonso III, Ilduara accompanied him. She prayed at the hermitage of San Salvador on Mount Coruba, after climbing up to it alone and barefoot. There she received the knowledge, from Saint Michael, that she would bear a son who would become not only a great leader of men but also a holy man. In gratitude, she ordered the construction of a church there and remained until Rudesind had been born. She wanted to baptize her son at San Salvador, but the cart used to haul up the baptismal font broke down. The workers went to get another cart. Meanwhile, however, Saint Michael had the broken cart move up the hill on its own accord.[13][14]
Notes
- ^ http://www.vitral.org/vitral/vitral52/centdio.htm
- ^ http://www.terradecelanova.com/html/san_rosendo.htm
- ^ http://www.vitral.org/vitral/vitral52/centdio.htm
- ^ http://www.terradecelanova.com/html/san_rosendo.htm
- ^ http://www.mercaba.org/SANTORAL/Vida/03/03-01_san_rosendo.htm
- ^ http://www.terradecelanova.com/html/san_rosendo.htm
- ^ http://www.terradecelanova.com/html/san_rosendo.htm
- ^ http://www.mercaba.org/SANTORAL/Vida/03/03-01_san_rosendo.htm
- ^ http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=4646
- ^ http://www.mercaba.org/SANTORAL/Vida/03/03-01_san_rosendo.htm
- ^ http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=4646
- ^ http://www.terradecelanova.com/html/san_rosendo.htm
- ^ http://catholicforum.com/saints/saintr1h.htm
- ^ http://www.mercaba.org/SANTORAL/Vida/03/03-01_san_rosendo.htm