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Meshuggah

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For the Yiddish word Meshuga, see List of English words of Yiddish origin.
Meshuggah

Meshuggah is a Swedish five-piece experimental metal band that formed in 1987. The band comprises vocalist Jens Kidman, guitarist Fredrik Thordendal, rhythm guitarist Mårten Hagström, drummer Tomas Haake and bassist Dick Lövgren. They are known for their extraordinary technical musicianship, polyrhythmic song structures and mathematical songwriting.

Jens Kidman, who also played rhythm guitar until 1991, and Fredrik Thordendal, were some of the first band members. Tomas Haake joined before the band's debut album was recorded and Mårten Hagström joined the band after Kidman abandoned the rhythm guitar. Meshuggah acquired its first international attention with the 1995 release Destroy Erase Improve for their accurate calculated fusion of death metal, thrash metal and prog metal. With the 1998's Chaosphere they made an impression to the guitar, drum and metal magazines. The bassist Peter Nordin had problems with the balance nerve in his inner ear and had to leave the band later and was replaced by Gustaf Hielm.

With their 2002 album Nothing, Meshuggah started to use eight-string guitars and incorporate groovy riffs. Since 2004, Dick Lövgren has been playing live bass and the two guitarists perform the bass in studio. In 2004 and 2005 Meshuggah experimented with one 21-minute song on the I EP and a "one song album" Catch Thirtythree separated into 13 sections, which is, according to Decibel Magazine, a symphonic composition.

Since its formation Meshuggah has released six studio albums, five EPs and are currently on a world tour after their 2008 release obZen.

History

Formation and early years (1987–1989)

Frontman Jens Kidman in 2007

Meshuggah has its roots in Umeå,[1] a college town in northern Sweden with a population of 105,000,[2] where the band Metallien formed in 1985 with frontman Roger Olofsson, Fredrik Thordendal and Peder Gustafsson on guitars, Janne Wiklund on bass and Örjan Lundmar on drums. After they recorded a few demos, Metallien disbanded and Fredrik Thordendal continued the band with other members under a different name.[1]

Meshuggah was originally formed in 1987,[3] with a lineup including vocalist Jens Kidman, guitarist Johan Sjögren, bassist Jörgen Lindmark and drummer Per Sjögren. Meshuggah recorded several demos before Jens Kidman left the band, which broke up subsequently. He then formed a new band, Calipash, with guitarist Torbjörn Granström, bassist Peter Nordin and drummer Niclas Lundgren. Granström was soon replaced by Fredrik Thordendal on guitar.[1] Kidman, who also played guitar,[3] and Thordendal decided to restore the name Meshuggah for the new band.[1] In 1989 Meshuggah released a self-titled three-song EP Meshuggah,[1][3] which is commonly known as Psykisk Testbild[4] (a title that could be translated as "Psychological Test-Picture").[1] This 12" vinyl EP has had only 1000 copies released, sold by local record store Garageland. The EP's back cover features the band members with cheese doodles on their faces.[4]

According to Jens Kidman, Umeå has a healthy rock scene and has many people involved in rock music "probably because there is not a lot to do".[3] Mårten Hagström says that many of the session musicians in Stockholm are from Umeå.[3]

Nuclear Blast and Contradictions Collapse (1990–1994)

Niclas Lundgren has been replaced by new drummer Tomas Haake and Meshuggah signed to German heavy metal record label Nuclear Blast before Meshuggah recorded their first LP Contradictions Collapse.[1][3]

Meshuggah released their debut full-length album Contradictions Collapse in 1991.[1][3] Originally the title "(All this because of) Greed" was intended before Contradictions Collapse.[5] Nuclear Blast did not promote the album, which sold badly as a result.[3] Frontman Jens Kidman decided to concentrate on vocals[3] and a new rhythm guitarist Mårten Hagström, who had already played in a band with Tomas Haake when they were in the sixth grade, was recruited. The new lineup recorded the EP None in 1993, which had also a Japanese version, including lyrics printed in Japanese.[6] Subsequently Fredrik Thordendal, who worked as a carpenter, cut off the tip of his left middle finger while working and Tomas Haake injured his hand in a grinder accident;[1][3] the band could not perform for several months. Thordendal's fingertip was later sewn back on and he made a full recovery.[3] The Selfcaged EP was recorded in April and May 1994, but its release was delayed to later in 1995 because of the accidents.[1][3]

Destroy Erase Improve (1995–1997)

Guitarist Fredrik Thordendal performing in 2005 with an eight-string guitar

Meshuggah returned to the public in January 1995 for a short European tour organized by Nuclear Blast.[3] After the tour the band returned back to studio to record the album Destroy Erase Improve, which was released in the same year.[1][3] Shortly after, Meshuggah went on a European tour supporting the American band Machine Head for two months. During the tour bassist Peter Nordin became ill and had problems with the balance nerve in his inner ear. He had to leave the tour and go to Sweden because he was chronically dizzy and constantly felt like he was falling. Machine Head's bassist Adam Duce offered to help out, but Meshuggah decided to play as a four-man band. Thordendal at times played the bass. Other times, the band performed with two guitars; Hagström played through a pitch shifter shifted one octave down.[3] Destroy Erase Improve was released in May 1995, with better marketing by the record label[3] and positive response from critics for the "heady tempos and abstract approach".[1] Later in 2006 Destroy Erase Improve became the 21st album in Decibel Magazine's "Hall of Fame" along with Slayer's Reign in Blood and Sepultura's Roots. Jens Kidman described the cover: "The title fits the pictures we cut out and stole from reference books in the library."[7] In mid-1995 Meshuggah had a short tour with a Swedish band Clawfinger in Scandinavia and Germany. Peter Nordin had to leave the band after few shows and was replaced by bassist Gustaf Hielm, starting in the Hamburg show. In late 1995 Meshuggah also went on a month-long tour with Hypocrisy.[3]

During 1996 and 1997 Frederik worked on his solo album Sol Niger Within, which was released in March 1997 in Scandinavia and in April in Japan. He also hosted Mats/Morgan Band's debut. In 1997 Meshuggah recorded an unreleased demo and made an occasional tour and few concerts in their hometown Umeå. Swedish television recorded one show in February and broadcasted one song in the next week. In May, Meshuggah moved to Stockholm to be clorser to their management and the record industry in general. A new EP The True Human Design was recorded and released in late 1997 after numerous delays from the label. It contained one new song called "Sane" and one live and two alternate versions of Destroy Erase Improve's opening track "Future Breed Machine".[3][8] Frederik's solo album Sol Niger Within was simultaneously released in the United States and Meshuggah started to plan their new album in the end of the year.[3]

Chaosphere and Nothing (1998–2002)

Gustaf Hielm joined the band officially in January 1998 after more than two years as a session member. Peter Stöckli from Switzerland started a fan club and released a 36-page booklet with photos and info on the band, but the fan club collapsed due to financial problems. Nuclear Blast re-released Contradictions Collapse with the addition of songs from the None EP. The title of the new album, Chaosphere, was reported in May 1998, when recording began. After the record was ready, Meshuggah went on a short United States tour and the album was released in November 1998. Afterward, the band was on tour in Scandinavia with Entombed.[3]

In 1999 Meshuggah joined thrash metal pioneers Slayer on their United States tour. Through both the new album and the live performances Meshuggah achieved press in the US in "guitar, drum and metal mags".[3] In mid-1999 Meshuggah performed in several Swedish concerts. The band started to write some new material but reported in mid-2000 that "songwriting isn't that dramatic, but we're getting there slowly".[3] While fans were waiting for the next album, a collection of demos (from the Psykisk Testbild EP) and rare recordings was released as the Rare Trax album.[3]

Gustaf Hielm left the band in July 2001. The reason is not very clear, but he is still in contact with the band. Meshuggah joined Tool on a huge tour, playing for more than 100,000 people in total.[3]

In March 2002, Meshuggah recorded three-track demos with programmed drums in their home studio, which were based on Haake's sample Drumkit from Hell. The upcoming album was recorded in five to six weeks in May.[3] A last-minute decision to join 2002's Ozzfest tour forced the band to mix the album in two days and master it in one.[9] Meshuggah went again immediately after finishing the recording on a tour to the US, this time with the Ozzfest festival. Fans and other bands on the tour were impressed.[3]

The album Nothing was released in August 2002[3] and sold 6,525 copies during its first week in the US.[6] The CD booklet has no liner notes, lyrics, or credits, only a hint of one word: ingenting, which is Swedish for nothing.[10]

In the end of 2002 the band went on another US tour with Tool.[3]

Catch Thirtythree and obZen (2003–present)

In 2003, rhythm guitarist Hagström said also about the possible musical direction of the band's next album, "There's only one thing I really feel that is important. We've never measured our success in terms of sales, because we're quite an extreme band. It's more that people understand where we're coming from. I get more out of a fan coming up and saying that we've totally changed their way of looking on metal music, than having like 200 kids buy it. I mean, it would be nice for the money, but that's not why we're in it. So what I'd like to see is that we keep progressing. Keeping the core of what Meshuggah has always been, but exploring the bar, so to speak. Destroy Erase Improve was like exploring the dynamics of the band, Chaosphere was exploring the aggressiveness, the all-out side, and Nothing is more of a sinister, dark, pretty slow album, actually. So honestly, now I don't know where we're going. It might be a mix of all of them."[11]

After a short break, Meshuggah released I EP in 2004, which contains one single 21-minute track.[1][12] Catch Thirtythree, the only album where programmed drums have been used, was released in the following year and on May 31, 2005.[13] Seven thousand copies of Catch Thirtythree were sold in the first week and it landed at number 170 on the Billboard Top 200 chart in June 2005.[14] Catch Thirythree earned the band a Swedish Grammy nomination.[15][16] In December 2005, 10 years after inking their first deal with the publishing company Warner/Chappell Music Scandinavia, Meshuggah extended their cooperation with the company.[16] In November 2005 Tomas Haake said in an interview that the band was not contented with the productions of Chaosphere and Nothing, which suffered of lack of time, because the band was on tour.[17]

A remixed and remastered version Nothing with re-recorded guitar was re-released in a custom-shaped slipcase featuring a 3-D hologram card on October 31, 2006 via Nuclear Blast Records. It also includes a bonus DVD featuring the band's appearance at the Download 2005 festival and the official music videos of "Rational Gaze", "Shed" and "New Millennium Cyanide Christ".[18] Thomas Haake told Revolver: "While we were doing it, we found new ways of playing guitar that give the music a really scary tone. That's going to make this record sound more brutal."[6]

Template:Sample box start variation 2 Template:Multi-listen start Template:Multi-listen item Template:Multi-listen end Template:Sample box end

In the same year Meshuggah returned to the studio to record their latest album obZen which was released in March 2008.[1] ObZen sold 11,400 copies in the first week and reached number 59 on the Billboard Top 200 chart.[14] This is currently followed by a world tour, which started in USA and follows in Europe, Asia, and Australia.[1] In May 2008, Meshuggah published a music video for the song "Bleed", which was produced by Ian McFarland and was written, directed and edited by Mike Pecci and Ian McFarland. Killswitch Productions said: "It's extremely cool to work with a band who is willing to allow the music and imagery to speak for itself and who does not insist on themselves being the prominent focus of the video.[14]

Musical style

Drummer Tomas Haake in 2005

The level of experimentation[19] and stylistic variations and progress during Meshuggah's career have caused music journalists to label Meshuggah under several musical genres. In general Meshuggah have been labeled as (often a combination of) thrash metal,[20][21] death metal,[20][22] technical death metal,[23] math metal[1][24][25], avant-garde metal,[20] progressive metal,[20][26] experimental metal,[20] post-thrash metal,[23][27] alternative metal,[28] grindcore,[20][29][10] mathcore,[20] or even terms like tech-thrash.[24] Meshuggah also incorporate elements from math rock and experimental jazz[1] to create their unique and recognizable sonic imprint.[20][30] Their style evolves between each release[31][2] as Hagström explains: "We try never to repeat ourselves."[2] Music critics claim also that Meshuggah is pushing the heavy metal into new territory.[28][10][32]

Trademarks and characteristics that define Meshuggah's sound include complex,[1][25] technical[28][31][10][33] metal with mathematical songwriting,[32] usage of polyrhythmic structure,[31][34] rapid key and tempo changes[35] odd riff cycles, neo-jazz chromatics,[32] "rotating" time signatures[10] and rhythmic syncopation.[10][36] The music's complexity, in combination with aggression, makes some critics call the music cacophonous;[10] the polyrhythms can make the music sound like band members are playing different songs simultaneously.[37]

In a typical polyrhythm by Meshuggah, the guitars might play in odd meters such as 5/16 or 17/16, while drums play in normal 4/4.[9] On "Rational Gaze" (from Nothing), drummer Tomas Haake plays simple 4/4 time, hitting the snare on each third beat, for 16 bars. At the same time, the guitars and bass are playing the same quarter notes, albeit in a different time signature, and eventually both sides meet up again at the 64th beat.[10] Sometimes Haake keeps the hi-hat and ride cymbal in simple 4/4 time but uses the snare and double bass drums for a different rhythm.[36]

The drummer Tomas Haake is considered to be one of the most technical drummers in today's heavy metal.[35][31][26] Rolling Stone called him "a one-man percussion army";[29] he is known for his precise[28] cross-rhythm drumming.[29] A trademark of Thordendal is his free jazz-inspired soloing.[26][21][36] He is also known for the usage of a "breath controller" device.[36]

Rolling Stone describes the "Swedish sonic extremists" as "one of the ten most important hard and heavy bands".[20] Meshuggah have also been desribed as highly skilled[28][31][10] virtuoso[29][22] or genius-bordering[28] musicians with "incredible abilities recognized by mainstream music magazines, especially those dedicated to particular instruments."[1][3]

The vocal style of Jens Kidman varies between hardcore-style shouts[28] and "robotic"[32][10][36] death metal vocals[32][2][22] Kidman also alters the pitch of his screams to match the instrumental part of the band.[21]

Early work

The early work of Meshuggah, with main influence from Metallica,[2][3] "is simpler and more straight-forward than their more recent material, but some of their more progressive elements are present in the form of time-changes and polyrhythmics, and Fredrik Thordendal's lead playing stands out".[3] Contradictions Collapse and the None EP would generally fall to the alternative metal category, rather than into progressive metal.[38] The debut album is also been described as relatively immature, but original, Meshuggah release.[28] The double bass drums and angular riffing also defined the early work of Meshuggah.[39]

With Destroy Erase Improve, Meshuggah showed calculated fusion of death metal, thrash metal, prog metal and extraordinary technical polyrhythmic math metal.[28] Allmusic describes the style as "weaving hardcore-style shouts amongst deceptively (and deviously) simple staccato guitar riffs and insanely precise drumming—often with all three components acting in different time signatures."[28] Guitarist Fredrik Thordendal adds the melodic element with his neo-jazz fusion-like lead guitar.[28]

Chaosphere

Tomas Haake's characterization of Destroy Erase Improve as being "beautiful and gay, while Chaosphere is not!" was the prevailing feeling. Some fans felt that Meshuggah had left their dynamic and progressive elements behind, while others thought they were only progressing naturally and focusing on their original sound.[3] Chaosphere incorporates very fast tempo[36] death metal while Meshuggah know "how to play their instruments and segue tempo changes",[40] as per Allmusic, which also compares the genre with grindcore fathers Napalm Death.[40][41]

Nothing

Meshuggah's official website states that 2002's Nothing "displayed a very mature and convincing Meshuggah, now focusing on groove and sound. The production was clear and brutal, beyond anything ever heard. A band constantly evolving, Meshuggah once again divided their fans into the 'ecstatic' and the 'slightly disappointed'".[3] Rolling Stone states that with this album the band "continues to innovate without stinting on the aggression".[29] In its review of Nothing, Allmusic described Meshuggah as "masterminds of cosmic calculus metal—call it Einstein metal if you want".[32] This album abandons the fast tempos of Chaosphere and concentrates on slow tempos, tuned down, drawn-out notes[36] and deep grooves.[9]

The album was intended to be recorded using custom-made Nevborn eight-string guitars, but the prototypes were faulty so Thordendal and Hagström used detuned Ibanez seven-stringers instead, which created additional problems, as they kept the instruments untuned during the sessions.[37][42] When Ibanez later after the release provided Meshuggah with special eight-string guitars that worked properly, the band re-recorded the guitars for Nothing, which was re-released in 2006.[37]

I EP and Catch Thirtythree

The I EP contains one single 21-minute epic song[30][36] of complex arrangements and was a hint of the forthcoming album.[1] Meshuggah again used eight-string guitars,[2] and used programmed drums for the first time on 2005's Catch Thirtythree[20] except for two songs from 2001's compilation Rare Trax.[43] Hagström notes that "The eight-strings really have given us a whole new musical vocabulary to work with. Part of it is the restrictions they impose: you really can't play power chords with them; the sound just turns to mush. Instead, we concentrated on coming up with really unusual single-note parts, new tunings and chord voicings. We wanted to get as far away from any kind of conventions and traditions as we could on the album, so the guitars worked out beautifully."[2]

Catch Thirtythree is one 47-minute song divided up into 13 sections.[30][44] It is more midtempo guitar riff-based, a more straightforward and rather more experimental full-length album than a proper full-length like Chaosphere or Nothing.[26][45]

Some songs still use Meshuggah's "familiar template combining harsh vocals and nightmarish melodies over coarse, mechanically advancing, oddball tempos"[30] but with the addition of "ambient sounds and quieter dynamics."[30] "The first third of Catch Thirtythree centers around two simple riffs."[26] In the song "In Death—Is Death" the band uses a combination of noise and silence, which is in contrast with the atypical melodies on "Dehumanization". On "Mind's Mirrors" Meshuggah used even electronics, programming and robotic voices. "Shed" incorporates tribal percussion and whispered vocals.[30]

Nick Terry of Decibel Magazine describes the album as a four-movement symphony.[24]

obZen

With 2008's obZen, Meshuggah returned from the more experimental territory of 2002's Nothing and 2005's Catch Thirty-Three[35] to the sound that is more traditional in terms of structure[44] and recalls the band's earlier catalog albums like Contradictions Collapse, Destroy Erase Improve and Chaosphere.[35][34][46] Allmusic states that "power, compositional ethics, and musical acumen"[35] are at the center of obZen." But Meshuggah still resumes musical or technical innovation. The album drops some of the mathematical quick changes of past releases and the melodic orchestration of Catch Thirty-Three[35] and uses complex[44] heavy[31] riffs, technicality and structures with unusual time signatures.[44] The album is also considered to be an amalgamation of all their previous works.[35][31]

Thomas Haake returned to the drum kit and captivated music journalists with his extraordinary technical performance on the song "Bleed".[35][31][46] In an interview for Gravemusic.com, Tomas Haake stated, "['Bleed'] was a big effort for me to learn, I had to find a totally new approach to playing the double bass drums to be able to do that stuff. I had never really done anything like that before like the fast bursts that go all the way through the song basically. So I actually spent as much time practicing that track alone as I did with all of the other tracks combined. It's kind of a big feat to change your approach like that and I'm glad we were able to nail it for the album. For a while through we didn't even know if it was going to make it to the album."[14]

Lyrics and songwriting

Thomas Haake also writes most of the lyrics.[2][34][37] "I usually write lyrics in a once-a-year burst", he says. "After reading a few really cool books, seeing a couple good movies, I get hit with a wave of inspiration… some kind of concept. Even though we don’t make concept albums, we like them to have strong conceptual underpinnings kind of lurking in the background, and it’s definitely a concept that gets me going. I don’t really write lyrics for finished tracks."[34]

The main theme of obZen is "human evil" as Haake explains. "The title is a play on the words "obscene" and "Zen", suggesting that we’ve found harmony and balance in warfare and bloodshed.[34] Meshuggah has often esoteric lyrics,[1] which deal with themes such as human physiology, psychology[31] and existentialism[32] or "visualize the integration of machines with organisms as humanity's next logical evolutionary step."[28]

Jens Kidman does not play the guitar anymore, but he is still involved in writing guitar riffs.[2] Except when Hagström finds himself needing a soloist, he and Thordendal rarely record together. Each plays both guitar and bass (touring bassist Dick Lövgren doesn’t record with the band) on their compositions. "Sometimes", Haake says, "I’ll sample guitar parts, cut them up, pitch-shift and tweak them until I’ve built the riffs I want, just for demoing purposes."[34] But most of the time I’ll just present the drums, and explain my ideas for the rest of the song, sing some riffs.[34]

Members

Current members

Former members

  • Johan Sjögren – guitar (1987)
  • Jörgen Lindmark – bass (1987)
  • Per Sjögren – drums (1987)
  • Torbjörn Granström – guitar (1987)
  • Niklas Lundgren – drums (1987–1989)
  • Peter Nordin – bass guitar (1987–1995)
  • Gustaf Hielm – bass guitar (1995–2001, live/session member 1995–1998)

Discography

Main article: Meshuggah discography

Albums

EPs

Compilations

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Jason Ankeny and Bradley Torreano. "Meshuggah Biography". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-05-11.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Rod Smith. "On Catch 33, Meshuggah sound the booty call of Cthulhu—one mouse click at a time". Decibel Magazine. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Espn. "A short biography". www.meshuggah.net. Retrieved 2007-05-16. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  4. ^ a b "Meshuggah - 1989". www.meshuggah.net. Retrieved 2008-05-11. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  5. ^ "Contradictions Collapse - 1991". www.meshuggah.net. Retrieved 2008-05-11. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  6. ^ a b c "None - 1994". www.meshuggah.net. Retrieved 2008-05-11. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help) Cite error: The named reference "name" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  7. ^ "MESHUGGAH's 'Destroy Erase Improve' Inducted Into DECIBEL's 'Hall Of Fame'". Blabbermouth.net. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
  8. ^ "The True Human Design - 1997". www.meshuggah.net. Retrieved 2008-05-11. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  9. ^ a b c Cosmo Lee. "Meshuggah Nothing". Stylus Magazine. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Adrien Begrand. "Organized Chaos". PopMatters. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  11. ^ "MESHUGGAH: Off NUCLEAR BLAST, Weighing Their Options". Blabbermouth.net. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
  12. ^ "I - 2004". www.meshuggah.net. Retrieved 2008-05-11. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  13. ^ "Catch 33 - 2005". www.meshuggah.net. Retrieved 2008-05-11. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  14. ^ a b c d "MESHUGGAH: 'Bleed' Video Available". Blabbermouth.net. Retrieved 2008-06-07.
  15. ^ "Swedish Grammy!". 2006-01-17. Retrieved 2007-05-16.
  16. ^ a b "MESHUGGAH Extend Publishing Deal". Blabbermouth.net. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
  17. ^ "MESHUGGAH Drummer Talks About Upcoming Studio Album". Blabbermouth.net. Retrieved 2008-06-08. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  18. ^ "MESHUGGAH: 'Nothing' Re-Release Track Listing Revealed". Blabbermouth.net. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
  19. ^ "Top 10 Swedish Metal Bands". About.com:Heavy Metal. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Meshuggah". Nuclear Blast. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  21. ^ a b c Mike Galaboff. "Meshuggah "I"". Western Courier. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  22. ^ a b c Ben Ratliff. "Meshuggah obZen". Blender. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  23. ^ a b "Meshuggah". Metal Storm. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  24. ^ a b c Nick Terry. "A futurist symphony in the key of Sleep". Decibel Magazine. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  25. ^ a b Aaron Burgess. "Swedish math-metal gods enjoy their temporary free-agent status". Decibel Magazine. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  26. ^ a b c d e Adrien Begrand. "MESHUGGAH Catch Thirtythree". PopMatters. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  27. ^ "Meshuggah". Metal Archives. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  28. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l John Serba. "Destroy Erase Improve review". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  29. ^ a b c d e Gteg Kot. "Meshuggah - Nothing". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  30. ^ a b c d e f Eduardo Rivadavia. "Catch Thirty-Three review". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  31. ^ a b c d e f g h i Jom (staff). "Meshuggah obZen". Sputnikmusic. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  32. ^ a b c d e f g John Serba. "Nothing review". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  33. ^ Ben Mitchell. "Meshuggah Nothing". Blender. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  34. ^ a b c d e f g Rod Smith. "Tomas Haake and Mårten Hagström's experimental wisdom takes Meshuggah to higher ground". Decibel Magazine. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  35. ^ a b c d e f g h Thom Jurek. "obZen review". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  36. ^ a b c d e f g h Adrien Begrand. "MESHUGGAH I". PopMatters. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  37. ^ a b c d Adrien Begrand. "Nothing (Special Edition)". PopMatters. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  38. ^ Steve Huey. "Contradictions Collapse/None review". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-05-11.
  39. ^ "MESHUGGAH: Prague Concert Footage Available". Blabbermouth.net. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  40. ^ a b Mike DaRonco. "Chaosphere review". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-05-11.
  41. ^ Jason Ankeny. "Napalm Death Biography". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-05-11.
  42. ^ "Gear". www.meshuggah.net. Retrieved 2007-10-09.
  43. ^ "Rare Trax - 2001". www.meshuggah.net. Retrieved 2007-10-09.
  44. ^ a b c d Chad Bowar. "Meshuggah - ObZen". About.com:Heavy Metal. Retrieved 2007-10-09.
  45. ^ "MESHUGGAH: 'Catch 33' Tentatively Scheduled For Release In April". Blabbermouth.net. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
  46. ^ a b Chris Steffen. "Meshuggah - obZen". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2007-10-09.
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