Lower New York Bay
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Lower New York Bay is the section of New York Bay outside of The Narrows that flows directly into the Atlantic Ocean via Hudson Canyon, an underwater channel that flows southeast from Lower New York Bay for hundreds of miles into the Atlantic Ocean.
Roughly triangular in shape, it is bounded on the north by Staten Island and Long Island and on the south by mainland New Jersey. Besides the Hudson River (which empties in to the Lower Bay through the Narrows), the bay is fed by the Arthur Kill and the Raritan River, as well as by several smaller streams.
The section of the bay near the confluence of the Arthur Kill and the Raritan is called Raritan Bay. The bay opens out to the ocean between two spits of land, Sandy Hook in New Jersey and Rockaway, Queens on Long Island.
Historically, the Lower Bay has been the primary means of marine access to New York Harbor, and more recently to Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal.
Since the time of the Lenape Native Americans, the Lower Bay has provided a rich fishing ground, but in the 20th century it was restricted due to pollution. In the 19th century, the shallow shoals on the south shore of Staten Island were a rich oyster bed.
The bay contains several popular beaches at Brighton Beach and Coney Island in Brooklyn, as well as the beaches of Sandy Hook, Breezy Point/Jacob Riis Park, and Great Kills Park all of the Gateway National Recreation Area.
See also
- New York Bight
- Raritan Bay
- Upper New York Bay
- Hudson River
- Hudson Canyon
- Port of New York and New Jersey
- Geography of New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary
- Marine life of New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary