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Bryan Caplan

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Bryan Caplan
Born (1971-04-08) April 8, 1971 (age 53)
Northridge, California
NationalityUnited States
Academic career
School or
tradition		Public Choice school
InfluencesDonald Wittman, Ayn Rand, David D. Friedman, Murray Rothbard, Tyler Cowen, Gordon Tullock
ContributionsRational Irrationality

Bryan Caplan (born April 8, 1971) is an American economist, a professor of Economics at George Mason University, research fellow at the Mercatus Center, adjunct scholar at the Cato Institute, and blogger for EconLog. He is best known for his work in public choice theory and for his right-libertarian ideology.

Personal life

Caplan grew up in Northridge, California. He currently lives in Oakton, Virginia with his wife, three sons, and daughter. He describes himself as being type ENTJ on the MBTI and as an "openly nerdy man." He is the author of one graphic novel and several role-playing game campaigns. He has described role-playing games as "an art form, on par with novels, or movies, or comics"[1] and has been published in Dragon magazine.[2]

According to Caplan, he was first introduced to libertarian political philosophy through the writings of Ayn Rand and that it was his interest in philosophy that drew him to study economics.[3]

Academic career

Caplan earned a B.A. in economics from the University of California at Berkeley in 1993 and a Ph.D. in economics from Princeton University in 1997. Since then, he has spent his entire career at George Mason University.

Austrian economics

Caplan considered himself an Austrian economist before graduate school, and much of his work draws upon themes in Austrian economics. Nevertheless, most of his academic work on Austrian economics is critical. He has written that "while self-labeled Austrian economists have some valid contributions to make to economics, these are simply not distinctive enough to sustain a school of thought. The task of developing an alternate Austrian paradigm has largely failed, producing an abundance of meta-economics (philosophy, methodology, and history of thought), but few substantive results."[4]

Public choice

The bulk of Caplan's academic work is in public economics, especially public choice theory. He has agreed with political economist Donald Wittman that traditional public choice has reached conclusions inconsistent with the canonical assumption of voter rationality; many of his publications examine the effects of relaxing this assumption, an idea Caplan dubbed rational irrationality.[5] In a series of exchanges with Wittman, Caplan defended many of the conclusions of public choice while agreeing that Wittman's criticisms hold under the assumption of voter rationality.[6][7][8][9] Caplan has also done empirical work on public opinion which suggests voters indeed hold systematically biased views about economics.[10] His book, The Myth of the Rational Voter, provides a detailed account of Caplan's theory of rational irrationality as well as his summary of some empirical evidence of voters' systemically biased beliefs about economics.

Author

Myth of the Rational Voter

The Myth of the Rational Voter: Why Democracies Choose Bad Policies, published in 2007, further develops the "rational irrationality" concept from Caplan's earlier academic writing. It draws heavily from the Survey of Americans and Economists on the Economy in making the argument that voters have systematically biased beliefs about many important economic topics. Caplan argues that voters indulge these biases at the polls, creating a negative externality because they do not directly bear the full cost of their action.

Selfish Reasons to Have More Kids

Caplan's second book, published in 2011, argues that the cost of having children is lower than most people believe and many potential parents could increase their welfare by having more. It is his first book written for a general audience, although it draws heavily from the academic literature in behavioral genetics, particularly twin and adoption studies which are relevant to the nature versus nurture debate.

Future projects

Caplan's next planned book has the working title The Case Against Education: A Professional Student Explains Why Our Education System is a Big Waste of Time and Money; he has previously argued that almost all of education is inefficient signaling. Caplan has outlined book projects to follow will deal with the root causes of poverty (Poverty: Who to Blame) and presenting a philosophical / economic case for pacifism (Pragmatic Pacifism: The Realism of Idealism).[11] While he still publishes occasionally in professional journals, he has shifted his focus almost entirely to books.

Views

Moral and political views

Caplan is an anarcho-capitalist, citing influences such as Murray Rothbard and David D. Friedman, and has written on the feasibility and desirability of a stateless society.[12] He promotes austerity for marginal reform[13] and is a vocal proponent of open borders, submitting that immigration restrictions keep the poor locked in a prison of poverty, limiting both freedom and prosperity.[14][15][16] Caplan has identified himself as a pacifist on pragmatic grounds.[17] He has criticized left-libertarianism.[18][19] He has also criticized some economists' (such as his colleague Robin Hanson) use of an efficiency-only moral standard,[20] advocating instead ethical intuitionism with efficiency considerations secondary to moral principles.

Other views

In a Cato Unbound piece, Caplan identified himself as a natalist -- he believes that more people are good for the world.[21] He identifies himself as a fan of Julian Simon, who was a proponent of the idea that larger populations lead to greater technological progress and a higher standard of living for all.[22]

Caplan believes in rational irrationality as an explanation for the failure of democracy, as explained in his book The Myth of the Rational Voter. He also believes that much of higher education is signaling.[23] He is a believer in dualism[24] and in libertarian free will.[25] Caplan also holds the view that twin studies and adoption studies have demonstrated conclusively that parenting style has very little impact on the adult outcomes of children.[26]

Caplan has also identified himself as an atheist.[3]

Views on maintaining intellectual honesty

Caplan has written about the problem of preference falsification in the face of social pressure and said that: "I think the wisest course is to turn the other cheek. I will not call anyone else names, express my disappointment in them, or try to shame them."[27]

Caplan has called himself a "betting man" and stated that people who make predictions about the future should be willing to make bets about their claims. He has proposed and made a number of bets with others.[28][29]

Inspired by a blog post by Paul Krugman, Caplan also proposed the concept of an "Ideological Turing Test" (named by analogy to the Turing test).[30] His blog post inspired a number of tries at the ideological Turing test.[31][32]

Controversies

Caplan wrote an essay entitled "Columbus: The Far Left is Dead Right" to explain why his agreement with the far-left on Christopher Columbus was unusual. Caplan decried some of Columbus's defenders for engaging in cultural relativism to defend his policies of mass enslavement.[33]

In April 2010, he caused controversy with a blog post that argued that women were more free in the 1880s than they are in the 21st century.[34] This post led Bradford DeLong to call Caplan "the stupidest man alive".[35]

Selected works

Books

  • The Myth of the Rational Voter: Why Democracies Choose Bad Policies. 2007. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. (Named a Best Book of 2007 by the Financial Times)
  • The Myth of the Rational Voter: Why Democracies Choose Bad Policies. 2008. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. [Paperback edition with a new introduction by the author.]
  • Selfish Reasons to Have More Kids: Why Being a Great Parent is Less Work and More Fun Than You Think. New York, NY: Basic Books. 2011.

Journal articles

Graphic Novels

  • "Amore Infernale" 2007. Amore Infernale: The Complete Graphic Novel. (Not yet in print)

References

  1. ^ http://econfaculty.gmu.edu/bcaplan/gamermanifesto.pdf
  2. ^ http://dnd.ezael.net/~olep/Drmg129.pdf
  3. ^ a b http://econfaculty.gmu.edu/bcaplan/autobio.htm
  4. ^ http://econfaculty.gmu.edu/bcaplan/whyaust.htm
  5. ^ www.gmu.edu/depts/economics/bcaplan/micfoundrev.doc
  6. ^ http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/CaplanCommentApril2005.pdf
  7. ^ http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/WittmanReplyApril2005.pdf
  8. ^ http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/CaplanRejoinderAugust2005.pdf
  9. ^ http://www.econjournalwatch.org/pdf/Wittman2ndReplyAugust2005.pdf
  10. ^ http://www.cato-unbound.org/2006/11/06/bryan-caplan/the-myth-of-the-rational-voter/
  11. ^ http://econlog.econlib.org/archives/2010/09/my_plans.html
  12. ^ http://econfaculty.gmu.edu/bcaplan/anarfaq.htm
  13. ^ http://econlog.econlib.org/archives/2010/09/austerity_for_l.html
  14. ^ Caplan, Bryan. "Caplan on Immigration". EconTalk (hosted by Russ Roberts). {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  15. ^ Caplan, Bryan (Winter 2012). "Why Should We Restriction Immigration" (PDF). Cato Journal. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  16. ^ Caplan, Bryan (January 2, 2013). "My Path to Open Borders". Open Borders: The Case. Retrieved January 30, 2013.
  17. ^ Caplan, Bryan (April 5, 2010). "The Common-Sense Case for Pacifism". EconLog.
  18. ^ http://econlog.econlib.org/archives/2010/09/why_i_am_not_a_3.html
  19. ^ http://econlog.econlib.org/archives/2010/03/should_libertarians_oppose_capitalism.html
  20. ^ http://econfaculty.gmu.edu/bcaplan/hansondebate.htm
  21. ^ Caplan, Bryan. "Population, Fertility and Liberty". Cato Unbound.
  22. ^ "The Julian Simon Club".
  23. ^ "The Magic of Education".
  24. ^ "Searle".
  25. ^ "Free will".
  26. ^ "The Tiger Mother versus Cost-Benefit Analysis".
  27. ^ "Preference Falsification: A Case Study".
  28. ^ "What Does the Betting Norm Tax?".
  29. ^ Caplan, Bryan (May 5, 2012). "The Bettor's Oath". EconLog. Retrieved January 30, 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  30. ^ Caplan, Bryan (June 20, 2011). "The Ideological Turing Test". EconLog.
  31. ^ Caplan, Bryan (June 23, 2011). "Two Tries at the Ideological Turing Test". EconLog.
  32. ^ "Religious Turing Test Update". EconLog. July 7, 2011.
  33. ^ http://econlog.econlib.org/archives/2006/10/columbus_the_fa.html
  34. ^ http://econlog.econlib.org/archives/2010/04/how_free_were_1.html
  35. ^ DeLong, Brad (April 13, 2010). "Yes, Bryan Caplan Is the Stupidest Man Alive". Retrieved June 3, 2011.
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