Angiotensin II receptor
| angiotensin II receptor, type 1 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||
| Symbol | AGTR1 | ||||||
| Alt. symbols | AGTR1B | ||||||
| NCBI gene | 185 | ||||||
| HGNC | 336 | ||||||
| OMIM | 106165 | ||||||
| RefSeq | NM_000685 | ||||||
| UniProt | P30556 | ||||||
| Other data | |||||||
| Locus | Chr. 3 q21-q25 | ||||||
| |||||||
| angiotensin II receptor, type 2 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||
| Symbol | AGTR2 | ||||||
| NCBI gene | 186 | ||||||
| HGNC | 338 | ||||||
| OMIM | 300034 | ||||||
| RefSeq | NM_000686 | ||||||
| UniProt | P50052 | ||||||
| Other data | |||||||
| Locus | Chr. X q22-q23 | ||||||
| |||||||
The angiotensin receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors with angiotensins as ligands. They are important in the renin-angiotensin system: they are responsible for the signal transduction of the main effector hormone.
Structure
The AT1 and AT2 receptors a sequence identity of ~30%, but have a similar affinity for angiotensin II, which is their main ligand.
Members
AT1
The AT1 receptor is the best elucidated angiotensin receptor. It is coupled to phospholipase C and angiotensin II increases the cytosolic Ca2+ level. It also inhibits adenylate cyclase and activate various tyrosine kinases. Effects mediated by the AT1 receptor include vasoconstriction, aldosterone synthesis and secretion, increased vasopressin secretion, cardiac hypertrophy, augmentation of peripheral noradrenergic activity, vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation, decreased renal blood flow, renal renin inhibition, renal tubular sodium reuptake, modulation of central sympathetic nervous system activity, cardiac contractility, central osmocontrol and extracellular matrix formation.
AT2
AT2 receptors are more plentiful in the foetus and neonate. Effects mediated by the AT2 receptor include inhibition of cell growth, fetal tissue development, modulation of extracellular matrix, neuronal regeneration, apoptosis, cellular differentiation and maybe vasodilation.
AT3 and AT4
Other poorly characterized subtypes include AT3 receptor and AT4 receptor. The AT4 receptor is activated by the angiotensin II metabolite angiotensin IV, and may play a role in regulation of the CNS extracellular matrix.
See also
External links
- IUPHAR GPCR Database - Angiotensin Receptors
- Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): 106165 (AGTR1), Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): 300034 (AGTR2)