Wikipedia:WikiProject AP Biology Bapst 2015
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Regelia.jpg/200px-Regelia.jpg)
- Past Related Projects: Wikipedia:WikiProject AP Biology Bapst 2012, Wikipedia:WikiProject AP Biology Bapst 2013, & Wikipedia:WikiProject AP Biology Bapst 2014
A high school class in Maine - John Bapst Memorial High School in Bangor, Maine - will contribute images to Wikipedia article and the commons until June 6, 2015. The collective goal is to contribute excellent biology diagrams to the Commons and to corresponding Wikipedia articles. This is done as part of an Advanced Placement Biology course. The lead editor is Chris Packard. This project is inspired by the 2009 Wikipedia AP Biology Project. There are many basic and important diagrams missing from biological articles and we're doing our part to fix this.
- Students will work alone, there are 48 students so we should have 48 new images with captions and labels.
- The time frame will be three weeks.
- Students will be required to write a summary of why they select a topic; hopefully, eliminating obscure, random topic selections. They also must create labels and captions for their photos
- They may add it to encyclopedia articles.
- The best of the bunch will be submitted as Wikipedia featured pictures, see other candidates here. Featured images must be in .svg (vector) format.
Feel free to discuss this project. Please notify me of any concerns; especially if they involve the behavior of my students on Wikipedia. With a little patience, this should be an inspirational experience for all.
Goals / Motivation
- To create a situation that not only vigorously enhances our ability to make quality decisions but also to improve our traction on the roads of 'Merica
- To improve the images in Wikipedia's coverage of Biology articles.
- To encourage promising students to write, create, learn, and contribute volunteer efforts through a service learning project.
- The dreaded “Research Project” is a standard hurdle for most AP Programs. Rightfully so, being that many college courses require such publications to validate your existence. This new approach to constructing a scientific document, is far more authentic and interesting. Rather than researching for a paper that is destined for the teacher's eyes and then a one way trip to the circular bin, let us contribute to the world-wide data base for others to benefit. I hope this will be an interesting and memorable project and assessment. It's funny, I can remember a number of projects and papers I wrote during my own high school experience, but I can remember no tests whatsoever.
Contributions
As you upload your projects and add them to Wikipedia please add them to the gallery below. By adding a new line which begins with the word "File" and them follows the format of my sample image. Make sure to include your caption.
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Primary succession occurring over time. The soil depths increase due to decomposition of plant matter and there is a gradual increase of species diversity in the ecosystem.
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The light from the lamp (1.) functions as a detectable change in the plant's environment. As a result, the plant exhibits a reaction of phototropism--directional growth (2.) toward the light stimulus.
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Prokaryotic flagella run in a rotary movement, while eukaryotic flagella run in a bending movement. The prokaryotic flagella uses a rotary motor,and the eukaryotic flagella uses a complex sliding filament system. Eukaryotic flagella is ATP driven, while prokaryotes are proton driven.
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This diagram shows co-dominance. In this example a white bull (WW) mates with a red cow (RR), and their offspring exhibit co-dominance expressing both white and red hairs.
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Louis Pasteur’s pasteurization experiment illustrates the fact that the spoilage of liquid was caused by particles in the air rather than than the air itself. These experiments were important pieces of evidence supporting the idea of Germ Theory of Disease.
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1. Nasal Cavity 2. Oral Cavity3. Soft Palate 4. Pharynx 5. Larynx 6. Trachea7. Esophagus 8. Nasopharynx 9. Hard Palate This diagram illustrates what the airway structure looks like in a brachycephalic dog; in this case, a Boxer. The brachycephalic dogs has a shorter snout which causes the airway to be shorter, that means all the parts that make up the airway get pushed closer together. Due to this phenomenon, a brachycephalic dog has an elongated soft palate which can cause most of the problems with the dogs breathing. They can also have problems getting enough air in because of their elongated soft palate and shorter airway.
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The Competitive Exclusion Principle states that two species aren't able to coexist at constant population values competing for the same resource. In this example, stage 1 shows a smaller (yellow) species of bird originally foraging for insects across the whole tree. In stage 2, a larger, invasive (red) species of bird is introduced into the environment and competes with the yellow bird for resources. As time goes on, the invasive red species dominates the yellow species in competition for the middle part of the tree and for the more abundant resources, as shown in stage 3. The yellow species then adapts to it's new niche and both birds thrive without competition.
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Positive feedback is the amplification of a body’s response to a stimulus. For example, in childbirth, when the head of the fetus pushes up against the cervix (1) it stimulates a nerve impulse from the cervix to the brain (2). When the brain is notified, it signals the pituitary gland to release a hormone called Oxytocin (3). Oxytocin is then carried via the bloodstream to the uterus (4) causing contractions, pushing the fetus towards the cervix eventually inducing childbirth.
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Seen here is a four step diagram depicting the usage of an enhancer. Within this DNA sequence, protein(s) known as transcription factor(s) bind to the enhancer and increases the activity of the promoter.
1. DNA
2. Enhancer
3. Promoter
4. Gene
5. Transcription Activator Protein
6. Mediator Protein
7. RNA Polymerase -
Seen here is a Parasaurolophus skull with a view into nasal cavity of the cranial crest. It is hypothesized that the Parasaurolophus pushed air through its long cranial crest to make low register sounds that could be heard for miles.
1. Nostril
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. -
Seen here is a diagram of the posterior part of a giant anteater. It is observable that the tongue of the anteater is attached directly to the sternum unlike most of the mammals, whose tongues are usually attached to the hyoid bone. Anteaters' tongues, on average, are 2 ft long.
A. Brain
B. Tongue
C. Sternum
D. Skull
E. Hyoid Bone -
Pictured above is the process used to clone the Pyrenean ibex in 2009. The tissue culture was taken from the last living, female Pyrenean ibex named Celia. The egg was taken from a Goat (Capra hircus) and the nuclei removed to ensure the offspring was purely Pyrenean ibex. The egg was implanted into a surrogate goat mother for development. References: [1]
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Seen here is a diagram depicting the bacteria, Clostridium tetani, which causes the tetanus infection known for its symptoms of muscle spasms and lockjaw. This bacteria is strongly durable due to its endospores, which can carry the infection's DNA even when the bacteria is dead. Pictured is the bacteria alone, with a spore being produced, and the spore alone. References: [2] [3] [4] [5]
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Turtles use their lungs to breathe in oxygen, but when they are under water they use cloacal respiration. To accomplish cloacal respiration, the turtles pump water in and out of their pouches, which are called cloacal bursae. The pouches on the diagram labeled as 2 are the paired cloacal bursae. These are the muscles in the inguinal pocket, which expand and contract. The number 1 labeled on the diagram is the cloacal orifice where the water first enters the turtle. The number 3 shows the inner lining of the cloacal bursae, which is made of long fimbriae. References: [6]
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A. Female adults lays 1,500 eggs in the spring B. Eggs hatch C. Larva feed on smaller mammals D. Larva grow to Nymphs and the Nymphs feed on larger mammals including people E. Larva become adults and feed on large mammals.
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Diagram illustrating how Cuscuta uses haustoria to penetrate the vascular system of its host plant and remove sugars and nutrients from the host's phloem.
1). Cuscuta plant
2). Host plant
3). Cuscuta leaves
4). Ground tissue
5). Phloem
6). Sugars and nutrients
7). Epidermal tissue
8). A Cuscuta haustorium growing into the phloem of the host plant.
Contributors
Add your user name here following my example. Just add this template with your username instead of the line: {{user|username}} and then, if your username is not identifiable, your real first name.
- ekann (talk · contribs) - Elias Kann - Counter current exchange
- Cbechtel42 (talk · contribs) - Colin - Gene Linkage
- Jcheff (talk · contribs) - Jon Cheff - Enhancer (Genetics)
- Ralph Walterberg (talk · contribs) - Braydon - Myelin Sheath Cross Section
- Earthdirt (talk · contribs) - Christopher (AKA Mr. Packard) - IMAGE TOPIC NAME HERE
- Swiggity.Swag.YOLO.Bro (talk · contribs) - Dixon - Ecological pyramid
- kholmes16 (talk · contribs) - Kailey - Tetanus
- kgerow16 (talk · contribs) - Kennedy - Germ Theory of Disease
- 15ldavenport (talk · contribs) - Lucas- De-extinction
- scurran15 (talk · contribs) - Shannon - Denaturation (biochemistry)
- asianinvasion12 (talk · contribs) - Sarah - Okapi
- Sebastian Josephus Odenbacker (talk · contribs) - Paul - Sinornithosaurus Skull
- nreese22 (talk · contribs) - Nate - Memory B
- mgaetani (talk · contribs) - Mitchel- Flagella'
- jessicasquid (talk · contribs) - Jisika - Anteater
- sneptunebear16 (talk · contribs) - Selena - Paternity test
- keyanapardilla98 (talk · contribs) - KeyanaAvian reproductive system
- mdunton16 (talk · contribs)- Mackenzie- Camel humps
- dhanscom17 (talk · contribs) - Darren - Competitive Exclusion Principle
- azmistowski17 (talk · contribs) - Anna - Hayflick Limit
- BaileyMartin15 (talk · contribs) -Bailey - Brachycephalic dog airway structure
- Phoenix_src (talk · contribs) - Phoenix - DNA-Profiling
- Maliyanbinette (talk · contribs) - Maliyan - Dodder
- sjoyce17 (talk · contribs) - Sean - Avian heart vs Mammal heart
- jmalvin17 (talk · contribs) - Jackie - Darwin's Finches Adapted Radiation
- twaanders17 (talk · contribs) - Tiffany - Gene Mapping
- gblanchard16 (talk · contribs) - Gabe - Diabetic Ketoacidosis
- kpricey15 (talk · contribs) - Kara - Island Gigantism
- ccarroll17 (talk · contribs) -Courtney - Trophic Cascade
- hldavis4 (talk · contribs) -Heather- Signal Pathway of Taste
- elliejellybelly13 (talk · contribs) -Ellie--
- mtomanelli15 (talk · contribs) -Mari--Stimulus (physiology)
- katyddd (talk · contribs)-Katy-Contractile vacuole
- hhughes15 (talk · contribs) - Haley - Roan Cattle and Codominance
- hannah.gray05 (talk · contribs)- Hannah- "Positive feedback--Childbirth"
- pathogendestroyingphagocytesoftheinnateresponseteam (talk · contribs) - Tommy - Baxter State Park Ecosystem
- kcotton15 (talk · contribs)- Katie - Ball and Socket joint (hip)
- mntrue15 (talk · contribs)- Maegan - Alzheimer's Disease
- hdelucalowell15 (talk · contribs) - Haley - Insular Biogeography'
- isa.tomanelli (talk · contribs)- Isa - Somatic Nervous System
- PianaB.19 (talk · contribs)- Anna B. - Brucellosis
- srcyr16 (talk · contribs)-Shaylyn - Edward Jenner/small pox
- RachelBrooks15 (talk · contribs) -Rachel- Gene Gun
- bstoren15 (talk · contribs) - Brianna- Cloacal Respiration in Turtles
- ealbert17 (talk · contribs) - Evan - Distributive Types of Genetic Selection
- Cscanlon15 (talk · contribs) -Carley - Amphibian Circulatory System
- rcole17 (talk · contribs) - Rachel Cole - Succession
- ldelucalowell (talk · contribs)- Laddy- "Endosymbiont"
- Nninnabee (talk · contribs)- Annina- Taxonomic Rank
- cfhand15 (talk · contribs)- Caleb- Ixodidae lifecycle
*abustard16 (talk · contribs)- Aj- Transected Pancreatic Tail Syndrome
Uploading
In order to complete the assignment and reap all the benefits of your hard work (such as a good grade) you MUST complete all of the following steps. If you need help, just ask.
How to, step by step
Step 1: Create a Wikipedia Global account by clicking "Login/create account" in the upper right hand corner of this page.
Step 2: Click here to use the WikiCommons File Upload Wizard
Step 3: If you didn't do it in the Wizard, categorize your image by adding a one or more [[Category:_______]] tags at the bottom of the page (fill in the name of the category in the _______.) You might use Category:Biology diagrams or something more specific like Category:Molecular biology or something else appropriate.
Step 4: If you didn't do it in the Wizard you should also now add your labels and your caption information in the description to your upload page in the Commons.
Step 5: Your image is now available in all Wiki Projects, including Wikipedia. So let's add it to the article! Go to the article you want to add your donated image to. In the top of the section of the article or the subheading you want to add the image to add something like this:
[[File:MY IMAGE NAME.png|right|thumb|200px|The [[caption]] of '''my image'''.]]
That's not too hard is it? For your caption you'll need to follow Wikipedia style and use some mark up to do this - it's kind of like a micro-essay. The [[ ]] creates a link to the given page on Wikipedia and the ''' ''' make the word bold, in Wikipedia it's appropriate to bold the title of the article the first time it's used in the text or in a caption."
Step 6: Wow you've done it! Now you just have to turn in your work by adding it to gallery in the section above here called "Contributions". Just follow the model I provided in the first entry. Your caption will likely have to be shorter than your description, see the style advice below.
Style guides
To get past the stumbling blocks of editing Wikipedia, articles will have to conform to the Wikipedia style guides. The largest barriers are:
- Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Images - The basic overview of images (the Wikipedia:Picture tutorial is also useful.
- Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Captions - Writing a good caption may be harder than you think.
- Wikipedia:Copyrights - Make sure to post a license on your image which releases all copyrights and makes it free use image AND don't use images from anywhere except the Commons if your image integrates other images.
- Wikipedia:File names - Pick the right name for your file.
- Wikipedia:Preparing images for upload - Pick the right file type (images created using entirely Google Draw should be saved as .SVG, whereas most other images you make will be saved as a .PNG in rare cases an a .JPG or .JPEG can be used)
- Wikipedia:Uploading images or WikiCommons Uploading Images - Do it right the first time (or just use the Wizard).
- Wikipedia:Ten things you may not know about images on Wikipedia - Kind of interesting.
You can always ask for help at:
Writing a good image caption
There are several criteria for a good caption. A good caption:
- clearly identifies the subject of the picture, without detailing the obvious.
- is succinct (that means short).
- establishes the picture's relevance to the article.
- provides context for the picture.
- draws the reader into the article.
Different people read articles different ways. Some people start at the top and read each word until the end. Others read the first paragraph and scan through for other interesting information, looking especially at pictures and captions. For those readers, even if the information is adjacent in the text, they will not find it unless it is in the caption—but do not tell the whole story in the caption—use the caption to make the reader curious about the subject.
Another way of approaching the job: imagine you're giving a lecture based on the encyclopedia article, and you are using the image to illustrate the lecture. What would you say while attention is on the image? What do you want your audience to notice in the image, and why? Corollary: if you have got nothing to say, then the image probably does not belong in the article.
Images for the lead
It is very common to use an appropriate representative image for the lead of an article, often as part of an infobox. The image helps to provide a visual association for the topic, and allows readers to quickly assess if they have arrived at the right page. For most topics, the selection of a lead image is plainly obvious: a photograph or artistic work of a person, photographs of a city, or a cover of a book or album, to name a few.
Image selection for other topics may be more difficult and several possible choices could be made. While Wikipedia is not censored, as outlined in the above section on offensive images, the selection of the lead image should be made with some care with respect to this advice. Lead images are loaded and shown upon navigating to the page, and are one of the first things that readers will see. Editors should avoid using images that readers would not have expected to see when navigating to the page. Unlike other content on a page that falls below the lead, the lead image should be chosen with these considerations in mind.
Some advice on selecting a lead image include the following:
- Lead images should be images that are natural and appropriate visual representations of the topic; they not only should be illustrating the topic specifically, but should also be the type of image that is used for similar purposes in high-quality reference works, and therefore what our readers will expect to see. Lead images are not required, and not having a lead image may be the best solution if there is no easy representation of the topic.
- Lead images should be selected to be of least shock value; if an alternative image exists that still is an accurate representation of the topic but without shock value, it should always be preferred. For example, using an image of deportees being subjected to selection as the lead image at this version of Holocaust is far preferable to the appropriate images that appear later in the article that show the treatment of the prisoners or corpses from the camps.
- Sometimes it is impossible to avoid the use of a lead image with perceived shock value if the topic itself is of that nature, for example in articles on various parts of human genitalia. It should be anticipated, through Wikipedia:Content disclaimer, that readers will be aware they will be exposed to potentially shocking images when navigating to articles on such topics.
Planning and resources
- Wikipedia tutorials for beginners
- Editing commands cheatsheet
- Getting started
- The perfect article
- Assessment
- Article development
- Peer Review
- [[Active gif creator]]
Talk pages
These are places where you can leave and receive messages and questions, every page has one. Whenever you edit these pages, make sure that you are signed in. Also, add four tildes ~~~~ to the end of all comments you make on talk pages. This will let people know who is talking.