Chi Tu
Chi Tu (Chinese: 赤土国) is an ancient kingdom mentioned in the history of China. Chinese Sui Dynasty (581-618) annals of the describe an advanced kingdom called Chi Tu. The location of Chi Tu was disputed to be around the Kelantan or Pahang state in Malay Peninsula, or in Songkhla and Pattani of southern Thailand.
Chi Tu - Kataha link
Chi Tu was believed built by the Mon-Khmer that came from the coast of Cambodia (Funan), hundreds of years later the local Malay replaced the Funan peoples. Chi Tu kingdom was a major port before the discovery of the Straits of Malacca. Ships had to stop here and let the local porters transported goods via river and overland to another major port in Kedah (Kataha), and to the Indian Ocean, it was part of the ancient Spice Route (Sea Route).
According to Sui Dynasty annals: " Che To is a derivation nation of Funan, located in within the southern sea, sailing hundred days to reach, the majority terrain was red, thus named Red Earth Kingdom (Chi means red, Tu means earth). South bordering Ho Lo Tan, thousands of square miles in land area. The king has three wives and the kingdom embraced Buddhism...."
See also
- Pan Pan
- Nakhon Si Thammarat kingdom (Ligor)
- Kelantan (Cradle of Malay Culture)
- Sultanate of Kedah
References
- The ENCYCLOPEDIA of Malaysia : early history, Volume 4 / edited by Nik Hassan Shuhaimi Nik Abdul Rahman (ISBN 9813018429)
External links
- http://mis-pattani.pn.psu.ac.th/registra/grade/temp/speech/panel16fullpaper/EvanescentKingdom1panel%2016.html
- Chinese Sui Dynasty annals
- India’s Cultural Relations with South-East Asia
- 赤土国
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