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Busan–Masan Uprising

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Bu-Ma Democratic Protest
Date16–20 October 1979
Location
Busan, Masan, South Korea
Caused byYushin dictatorship of Park Chung-hee
GoalsDemocratization
MethodsProtest
Resulted inSeveral civilian and military casualties
Parties
Busan, Masan citizenry
Number
Over 10,000
Casualties and losses

arrest: 1058

detention: 125

Template:Contains Korean text

The Bu-Ma Democratic Protests (Korean: 부마민주항쟁; Hanja: 釜馬民主抗爭; RR: Buma Minju Hangjaeng; or Korean: 부마민중항쟁; Hanja: 釜馬民衆抗爭; RR: Buma Minjung Hangjaeng) against the Yushin regime (유신정권), took place between 16 and 20 October 1979 in Busan and Masan (now Changwon), South Korea. On 16 October, students from Busan University began demonstrations calling for the abolition of the Yushin regime. On 17 October the protests grew to include citizens, and spread to Masan on 18 and 19 October.[1]

Yushin regime President Park Chung-hee declared martial law on 18 October and referred 66 people to military court.[2] On 20 October, Park invoked the Garrison Act. The army was moved, and 59 civilians were brought to military court.

Background

The Republic of Korea's December 1978 National Assembly election was influenced election of authority and Illegal plutocracy (see also People's Revolutionary Party Incident).[needs copy edit] Nevertheless, ruling Republican Party was defeated in the opposition New Democratic Part. Than hot up democracy protests, intensity of suppression, such as arrested and imprisoned for democracy personage was strengthened.[needs copy edit] In August of the same year, women workers at the YH Trading Company (YH무역주식회사) went on strike and occupied the New Democratic Party's headquarters, ruling Republican Party had disfellowship[clarification needed] the governor of the opposition Kim Young-sam.[3] It leads to resignation of all opposition party members of the National Assembly. In September, the democratization movement by college students begin to enlarge. Meanwhile, against the Kim Young-sam issue of the remarks expulsion on a parliamentary seat in detention and disposal of a backlash also has a point of view that started Bu-Ma democratic struggle.[needs copy edit][citation needed]

Before I arrive Bu-Ma, I thought this demo was played a key role by Namminjeon (Korean: 남조선민족해방전선준비위원회; Hanja: 南朝鮮民族解放戰線準備委員會) or students, but it wasn't on the ground. We arrested 160 people, only 16 was students, the others are regular citizens. Also by watching demonstration aspect, people who participate in demonstrations and people who support them by providing food, drinks and harbour them from police are fully understand one another. Protesters slogan was 'Opposition to the system', 'Opposition to a tax', 'Mistrust of the government'. Those slogan affected to burn 11 police station, to destroy about 10 police vehicle.

— Kim Jae-gye, the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency Conclusions after inspecting on the ground, [4]

Progress

The protests history is as follows:[5]

  • 3 May 1979 - National convention of New Democratic Party, the Moderate party Yi Cheol-seung defected, Ginger group Kim Young-sam elected
  • 11 August 1979 - YH case occurred
  • 4 October 1979 - the ruling Republicans expelled Kim Yound-sam, representative of New Democratic Party, from member of the National Assembly by rush through a revised bill
  • 16 October 1979 - Bu-Ma Democratic Protests occurred. 5000 Busan University student protesters shout slogans "Dispose Yushin regime", "Stop political oppression" on campus. Advance to downtown in the evening.
  • 17 October 1979 - Joining of the civilians. Protest continuous spread. Chungmu police substation, the Korea Broadcasting System, Seo-gu Office, Busan tax office destroyed. Police vehicles were burned or damaged.
  • 18 October 1979 - Government, proclaimed martial law in Busan at 12:00 am Military arrested 1,058 people, put 66 people on trial.
  • 19 October 1979 - Masan University, Kyungnam University student protested at Masan region. Democratic Republican Party building, police substation and broadcasting station were damaged.
  • 20 October 1979 - Laborers, high school students joined protest. Governments invokes the garrison act at Masan.
  • 26 October 1979 - President Park Chung-hee was assassinated (10.26 incident)

Influence

This incident incited conflict inside the government, which led in turn to an early ending of the Yushin regime that was maintained by an emergency measure.[according to whom?] Such protest influenced the 5·18 Gwangju Democratization Movement and the June Democracy Movement.[6]

Aftermath

In Busan, Democracy Park was built in 1999, and a monument was erected to honor the participants of the protests[7]

13 October 2014 - Bu-Ma Democratic Protests truth ascertainment[clarification needed] · compensation committee has been officially established.[8][9]

18 May 2015 - Related laws passed.[10] But being criticized by fairness of selecting committee member and their action plan[needs copy edit].[11]

13 December 2015 - Map of protests and daily report for Bu-ma Democratic Protests will be disclosed to the public by Bu-Ma Democratic Protests Memorial Association (Korean: 부마민주항쟁기념사업회; Hanja: 釜馬民主抗爭祈念事業會), The 18 May Memorial Foundation.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ "부마민주항쟁이란?(What is Bu-Ma Democratic Protests?)". 부마민주항쟁 진상규명 및 관련자 명예회복 심의위원회 (Bu-Ma Democratic Protests truth ascertainment · compensation committee) (in Korean). Retrieved 13 December 2015.
  2. ^ Yi, Pyŏng-chʻŏn (2006). Developmental Dictatorship and the Park Chung-hee Era: The Shaping of Modernity in the Republic of Korea. Homa & Sekey Books. p. 236. ISBN 9781931907286. Retrieved 13 December 2015.
  3. ^ "의원직 제명당한 김영삼(Kim Young-sam issue of the remarks expulsion on a parliamentary seat in detention)". 연합뉴스 (Yeonhap News). 22 November 2015. Retrieved 13 December 2015.
  4. ^ Kang Joon-Man (강준만), 《한국현대사산책》 1970년대편 3권, 258-259쪽
  5. ^ "(Bu-Ma Democratic Protests) 부마민주항쟁 [釜馬民主抗爭]". Doopedia. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  6. ^ "http://h21.hani.co.kr/". Han Hong-gu (한홍구), 《단 한번도 왕의 목을 치지 못한…》 14 February 2011, 제346호. {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help)
  7. ^ "부산 민주공원 (Busan Democraic Park)". www.demopark.or.kr (in Korean). Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  8. ^ Jung-hun(정훈), Lee(이) (13 October 2014). "부마항쟁 진상규명·보상위원회 공식 출범(Bu-Ma Democratic Protests truth ascertainment · compensation committee has been officially established)". news.naver.com (in Korean). Yonhap. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  9. ^ "부마민주항쟁 진상 규명 및 관련자명예회복심의위원회 (Bu-Ma Democratic Protests truth ascertainment · compensation committee)". www.buma.go.kr. Retrieved 13 December 2015.
  10. ^ "부마민주항쟁 관련자의 명예회복 및 보상 등에 관한 법률". Ministry of the Interior(행정자치부). 18 May 2015.
  11. ^ Kun-ho (근호), Cha(차) (11 December 2014). "부마항쟁진상규명위-관련단체 첫 간담회, 질타 쏟아져". yonhapnews.co.kr. Retrieved 11 December 2014.
  12. ^ Kyung-min (경민), Ha(하) (13 December 2015). "부마민주항쟁 항쟁도·일지 공개:: 공감언론 뉴시스통신사 ::(Map of protests and daily report for Bu-ma Democratic Protests will be disclosed to the public)". www.newsis.com. Retrieved 13 December 2015.
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