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Giulio Maria Pasinetti

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Nationality: American, Italian
Fields: Biological Psychiatry, Alzheimer’s disease
Institutions: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Alma mater: University of Milan

Giulio Maria Pasinetti, M.D., Ph.D., is the Program Director of the Center on Molecular Integrative Neuroresilience[1] and is the Saunders Family Chair in Neurology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS) in New York[2]. Pasinetti is a Professor of Neurology, Psychiatry, Neuroscience, and Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine at ISMMS.[2][3]

As the Program Director of the NIH / NCCIH funded P50 Center on Molecular Integrative Neuroresilience, Pasinetti's focus is on understanding the molecular mechanisms and pathophysiology that may be at the basis of stress-induced mood disorders, including anxiety, depression, and other neuropsychiatric disorders, and their influence on cognitive dysfunction.

At the Veterans Health Administration, Pasinetti is the Director of the Basic and Biomedical Research and Training Program, Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), as well as the Director of the Translational Neuroscience Laboratories at the James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center (JJPVAMC)[4].

Pasinetti has an h-index of 64, with over 12,000 citations.[5] He has published over 250 papers indexed in PubMed, as well as 6 book chapters.[6][7]

Biography

Education

Pasinetti received an M.D. from the Milan University School of Medicine (1982) and a Ph.D. in Pharmacology from the University of Milan (1988). He was a Research Fellow (Neuropharmacology, 1983-1984) at the University of Milan. Upon moving to the United States, he worked as a Research Associate (Neurogerontology, 1984-1988) and, eventually, as a Senior Research Associate (Neurogerontology, 1989-1990) at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles.[8]

Career

Pasinetti began his career as an Assistant Professor at the California School of Gerontology and Biological Sciences at the University of Southern California (1990-1995) in Los Angeles. Since 1996, he has been a faculty member of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai where he served as the Aidekman Family Chair and Professor in Neurology until 2009. Pasinetti was also the Chief of the Friedman Brain Institute Center of Excellence for Novel Approaches to Neurodiagnostics and Neurotherapeutics, as well as, from 2008-2014, the Director and Principle Investigator of the NIH-funded Center of Excellence for Research on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CERC) in Alzheimer's disease.[2]

Awards

Dr. Pasinetti's awards and honors include the Faculty Council Award for Academic Excellence, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, the Charles Dana Alliance for Brain Initiatives Award[9] from the Dana Foundation, the Foundation Queen Sofia of Spain Research Center[10] award on Alzheimer's Disease, the Research Career Scientist Developmental Award, Veterans Health Administration[11], the Zenith Award from the Alzheimer's Association[12], the Temple Foundation Discovery Award from the Alzheimer's Association[12], the Nathan W. & Margaret T. Shock Aging Research Foundation Award from the Gerontological Society of America, the Turken Family fellowship from the Alzheimer's Association, Los Angeles Chapter, and the Nathan Shock New Investigator Award of the Gerontological Society of America.[13]

Grants and Research

Pasinetti investigates the biological processes that occur when, during aging, subjects with normal cognitive function convert into the very earliest stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and then to frank dementia. He identified type 2 diabetes (T2D) as one of the major risk factors that might affect AD neuropathology and synaptic plasticity in part through epigenetic mechanisms.[14] By conducting genome wide association studies to clarify the molecular mechanisms in subjects with T2D who might be predisposed to the onset of Alzheimer’s disease,[15] Pasinetti found that a subpopulation of individuals with T2D have a genetic predisposition to AD based on the evidence of shared common T2D/AD single nucleotide polymorphisms in gene pathways involved in chromatin modification enzymes, among others. Through this research, Pasinetti and his colleagues provided the basis for novel therapeutic targets towards the preservation of cognitive health in a subset of T2D subjects at risk for developing AD.[14] [16] [17] [18]

With his group, Pasinetti has led research investigations on the neuromolecular mechanisms underlying age-related cognitive decline, dementia, and stress-induced psychological and cognitive impairment with the goal of utilizing repurposed natural products, specifically polyphenols, to promote resilience to such conditions.[19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] With this in mind, Pasinetti initiated a drug repurposing study for AD, screening FDA-approved drugs and natural compounds for amyloid-lowering and anti-Aβ aggregation activities, and identified candidates for in vivo testing in AD animal models.[26] [27] [28] [29] As a result of this study, Pasinetti’s laboratory identified antihypertensive drugs lacking cardiovascular side effects but with enhanced anti-Aβ oligomerization activity.[30] [31] Pasinetti’s research has also validated that repurposing drugs that have already been well-characterized in terms of tolerability and safety profile may have several advantages over novel drugs. These studies provide new information about the potentially detrimental role of commonly prescribed drugs that can be used as a reference for physicians to consider, particularly when treating chronic degenerative disorders such as AD.[32] [33] [34]

Following these findings, as Chief of the Friedman Brain Institute Center of Excellence for Novel Approaches to Neurodiagnostics and Neurotherapeutics, Pasinetti developed drug discovery programs for Alzheimer’s disease. [31] [19] [35] Here, he led a primary translational Center to determine whether interventions which appear to work in the preclinical animal model of the disease also show promise in treating patients who have the disease. [36] [32] [37] [34]

Pasinetti is the Director of the NIH funded Botanical Center in Neuroresilience[1]. This Center supports three major projects which are being conducted through interdisciplinary collaborative efforts from Mount Sinai Hospital's Department of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, and the Friedman Brain Institute.[38][39] One project is the efficacy of using polyphenols specifically as dietary supplements to promote resilience against stressful events and clarifying the role of the microbiome at the genomic level in the promotion of cognitive and psychological health.[39] [36] [40] [41] This research is leading to safe and efficacious treatments of dietary botanical supplements to promote resilience in response to psychological and cognitive impairment.[38]

With his involvement at the Veterans Administration, Pasinetti and his lab identified biomarkers to help diagnose the two signature injuries of the recent wars in Iraq and Afghanistan: mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The focus was on four specific non-coding miRNA which were all found at significantly lower levels in those Veterans who had comorbid TBI plus PTSD, when compared to subjects who had only PTSD. [42] [43] The availability of such biomarkers could provide more precise benchmarks and outcome measures in clinical trials of different TBI or PTSD therapies.

Pasinetti’s lab is now working on tracing "downstream" molecular pathways in preclinical rodent models of mTBI, to eventually tie them back to TBI or PTSD symptoms and allow for identification of potential new drug targets to be further developed in the clinical setting.[44]

Taken together, the focus of Dr. Pasinetti’s research determining the molecular basis of neurodegenerative disorders and TBI to provide targets for novel therapies has the ultimate goal of identifying unique treatment strategies that can be translated to improve pharmacological treatment in clinical care.

Publications (Partial List)

  • Wang J, Bi W, Zhao W, Varghese M, Koch RJ, Walker RH, Chandraratna RA, Sanders ME, Janesick A, Blumberg B, Ward L, Ho L, Pasinetti GM. Selective brain penetrable Nurr1 transactivator for treating Parkinson’s disease. Oncotarget: Gerotarget 7(7):7469-79 (2016). doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.7191 PMID: 26862735 PMCID: PMC4884932
  • Vidaurre OG, Haines JD, Katz Sand I, Adula KP, Huynh JL, McGraw CA, Zhang F, Varghese M, Sotirchos E, Bhargava P, Bandaru VV, Pasinetti GM, Zhang W, Inglese M, Calabresi PA, Wu G, Miller AE, Haughey NJ, Lublin FD, Casaccia P. Cerebrospinal fluid ceramides from patients with multiple sclerosis impair neuronal bioenergetics. Brain 137: 2271-2286 (2014). doi: 10.1093/brain/awu139 PMID: 24893707 PMCID: PMC4164163
  • Wang J, Gong B, Zhao W, Tang C, Varghese M, Nguyen T, Bi W, Bilski A, Begum S, Vempati P, Knable L, Ho L, Pasinetti GM. Epigenetic mechanisms linking diabetes and synaptic impairments. Diabetes 63(2):645-54 (2014). doi: 10.2337/db13-1063 PMID: 24154559
  • Gong B, Pan Y, Vempati P, Zhao W, Knable L, Ho L, Wang J, Sastre M, Ono K, Sauve AA, Pasinetti GM. Nicotinamide riboside restores cognition through an upregulation of proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α regulated β-secretase 1 degradation and mitochondrial gene expression in Alzheimer’s mouse models. Neurobiol Aging 34(6):1581-1588 (2013). doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.12.005 PMID: 23312803 PMCID: PMC3632303
  • Pasinetti GM, Bilski A, Zhao W, Wang J. Sirtuins as therapeutic targets of ALS. Cell Research 23: 1073-1074 (2013). doi: 10.1038/cr.2013.94 PMID: 23856645 PMCID: PMC3760621
  • Santa-Maria I, Varghese M, Księżak-Reding H, Dzhun A, Wang J, Pasinetti GM. Paired Helical Filaments from Alzheimer’s Disease Brain Induce Intracellular Accumulation of Tau in Aggresomes. J Biol Chem 287(24):20522-33 (2012). doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.323279 PMID: 22496370 PMCID: PMC3370237
  • Wang J, Ferruzzi MG, Ho L, Blount J, Janle E, Gong B, Pan Y, Raftery D, Arrieta-Cruz I, Sharma V, Cooper B, Lobo J, Simon JE, Zhang C, Cheng A, Qian X, Ono K, Teplow D, Pavlides C, Dixon R, Pasinetti GM. Brain-targeted proanthocyanidin metabolites for Alzheimer’s disease treatment. J Neurosci 32(15): 5144-5150 (2012). doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6437-11.2012 PMID: 22496560 PMCID: PMC3348654
  • Gong B, Chen F, Pan Y, Arrieta-Cruz I, Yoshida, Y, Haroutunian, V, Pasinetti GM. SCFFbx2-E3 ligase mediated degradation of BACE1 attenuates Alzheimer’s disease amyloidosis and improves synaptic function. Aging Cell 9(6) 10-18-1031(2010). doi: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2010.00632.x PMID: 20854419 PMCID: PMC3307224
  • Ksiezak-Reding H, Ho L, Santa-Maria I, Diaz-Ruiz C, Wang J, Pasinetti GM. Ultrastructural alterations of Alzheimer’s disease paired helical filaments by grape seed-derived polyphenols. Neurobiol Aging 33(7):1427-39 (2012). doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.11.006 PMID: 21196065
  • Qin W, Haroutunian V, Katsel P, Cardozo C, Ho L, Buxbaum JD, Pasinetti GM. PGC-1α expression decreases in Alzheimer’s disease brain as a function of dementia. JAMA Neurol 66(3): 352-61 (2009). doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2008.588 PMID: 19273754 PMCID: PMC3052997
  • Pasinetti GM. Anti-inflammatory drugs fall short in Alzheimer’s disease. Nature Medicine 14(9): 916 (2008). http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/v14/n9 full/nm0908-916.html doi: 10.1038/nm0908-916 PMID: 18776882
  • Ono K, Condron MM, Ho L, Wang J, Zhao W, Pasinetti GM, Teplow DB. Effects of grape seed-derived polyphenols on amyloid β-protein self-assembly and cytotoxicity. J Biol Chem 283(47):32176-87 (2008). doi: 10.1074/jbc.M806154200 PMID: 18815129 PMCID: PMC2583320
  • Wang J, Ho L, Chen L, Zhao Z, Zhao W, Qian X, Humala N, Seror I, Bartholomew S, Rosendorff C, Pasinetti GM. Valsartan lowers brain beta-amyloid protein levels and improves spatial learning in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease. J Clin Investigation 117:3393-3402 (2007). doi: 10.1172/JCI31547 PMID: 17965777 PMCID: PMC2040315
  • Qin W, Yang T, Ho L, Zhao Z, Wang J, Chen L, Zhao W, Thiyagarajan M, MacGrogan D, Rodgers JT, Puigserver P, Sadoshima J, Deng H, Pedrini S, Gandy S, Sauve AA, Pasinetti GM. Neuronal SIRT1 activation as a novel mechanism underlying the prevention of Alzheimer's disease amyloid neuropathology by calorie restriction. J Biol Chem 281:21745-54 (2006). doi: 10.1074/jbc.M602909200 PMID: 16751189
  • Qin W, Peng Y, Ksiezak-Reding H, Ho L, Stetka B, Lovati E and Pasinetti GM. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase as potential novel therapeutic strategy in N141I presenilin-2 familial Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Psychiatry 11:172-81 (2006). Highlighted in Nature Reviews Neurology doi:10.1038/ncpneuro0102 (2006). doi: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001773 PMID: 16331303
  • Ho L, Sharma N, Blackman L, Festa E, Reddy G, Pasinetti GM. From proteomics to biomarker discovery in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Res. Rev. 48:360-9 (2005). doi: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.12.025 PMID: 15850675
  • Qin W, Ho L, Pompl PN, Peng Y, Zhao Z, Xiang Z, Robakis NK, Shioi J, Suh J, Pasinetti GM. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and COX-1 potentiate beta-amyloid peptide generation through mechanisms that involve gamma secretase activity. J Biol Chem. 278:50970-7 (2003). doi: 10.1074/jbc.M307699200 PMID: 14507922
  • Pasinetti GM and Pompl P. Inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease: are we well-ADAPTed? Lancet Neurology. 1:403-04 (2002). doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(02)00214-4
  • Ho L, Purohit D, Haroutunian V, Luterman JD, Willis F, Naslund J, Buxbaum JD, Mohs RC, Aisen PS, Pasinetti GM. Neuronal cyclooxygenase 2 expression in the hippocampal formation as a function of the clinical progression of Alzheimer disease. JAMA Neurol. 58(3): 487-492 (2001). PMID: 11255454
  • Luterman JD, Haroutunian V, Yemul S, Ho L, Purohit D, Aisen PS, Mohs RM, Pasinetti GM. Cytokine gene expression as a function of the clinical progression of Alzheimer’s disease dementia. JAMA Neurol. 57(8): 1153-1160 (2000). doi:10.1001/archneur.57.8.1153. PMID: 10927795
  • Johnson SA, Pasinetti GM., Finch CE. Expression of Complement C1qB and C4 mRNAs during rat brain development. Devel. Brain Res. 80(1-2): 163-174 (1994). PMID: 7955342
  • Lapchak PA, Araujo DM, Pasinetti GM, Hefti F. Differential alterations of cortical cholinergic and neurotensin markers following ibotenic acid lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. Brain Res. 613: 239-246 (1993). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(93)90904-2 PMID: 8186970
  • Dugich-Djordjevic MM, Tocco G, Willoughby DA, Najm I, Pasinetti GM, Thompson RF, Baudry M, Lapchak PA, Hefti F. BDNF mRNA expression in the developing rat brain following kainic acid-induced seizure activity. Neuron. 8: 1127-1138 (1992). doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90133-X PMID: 1610567

References

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  15. ^ Giulio, Pasinetti,. "Mechanisms of BACE1 Degradation in Experimental Alzheimer's Disease Therapeutic". Retrieved 29 September 2016. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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  31. ^ a b Giulio, Pasinetti,; Paul, Rosenberg,. "Pilot Trial of Carvedilol in Alzheimer's Disease". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  32. ^ a b Ward, Libby; Pasinetti, Giulio Maria (24 June 2016). "Recommendations for Development of Botanical Polyphenols as "Natural Drugs" for Promotion of Resilience Against Stress-Induced Depression and Cognitive Impairment". NeuroMolecular Medicine. 18 (3): 487–495. doi:10.1007/s12017-016-8418-6. PMID 27342633. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  33. ^ Wang, Jun; Tang, Cheuk; Ferruzzi, Mario G.; Gong, Bing; Song, Brian J.; Janle, Elsa M.; Chen, Tzu-Ying; Cooper, Bruce; Varghese, Merina; Cheng, Alice; Freire, Daniel; Bilski, Amanda; Roman, Jessica; Nguyen, Tuyen; Ho, Lap; Talcott, Stephen T.; Simon, James E.; Wu, Qingli; Pasinetti, Giulio M. (December 2013). "Role of standardized grape polyphenol preparation as a novel treatment to improve synaptic plasticity through attenuation of features of metabolic syndrome in a mouse model". Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 57 (12): 2091–2102. doi:10.1002/mnfr.201300230. PMID 23963661. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
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  37. ^ Ho, Lap; Bloom, Patricia A.; Vega, Joan G.; Yemul, Shrishailam; Zhao, Wei; Ward, Libby; Savage, Evan; Rooney, Robert; Patel, Divyen H.; Pasinetti, Giulio Maria (17 March 2016). "Biomarkers of Resilience in Stress Reduction for Caregivers of Alzheimer's Patients". NeuroMolecular Medicine. 18 (2): 177–189. doi:10.1007/s12017-016-8388-8. PMID 26984114. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
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  42. ^ Ho, Lap; Lange, Gudrun; Zhao, Wei; Wang, Jun; Rooney, Robert; Patel, Divyen H.; Fobler, Malusha M.; Helmer, Drew A.; Elder, Gregory; Shaughness, Michael C.; Ahlers, Stephen T.; Russo, Scott J.; Pasinetti, Giulio Maria (1 January 2014). "Select small nucleolar RNAs in blood components as novel biomarkers for improved identification of comorbid traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder in veterans of the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq". American Journal of Neurodegenerative Disease. 3 (3): 170–181. ISSN 2165-591X. PMID 25628968. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  43. ^ Pasinetti, Giulio M.; Ho, Lap; Dooley, Christopher; Abbi, Bhavna; Lange, Gudrun (1 January 2012). "Select non-coding RNA in blood components provide novel clinically accessible biological surrogates for improved identification of traumatic brain injury in OEF/OIF Veterans". American Journal of Neurodegenerative Disease. 1 (1): 88–98. ISSN 2165-591X. PMID 22737634.
  44. ^ Zhao, Wei; Ho, Lap; Varghese, Merina; Yemul, Shrishailam; Dams-O'Connor, Kristen; Gordon, Wayne; Knable, Lindsay; Freire, Daniel; Haroutunian, Vahram; Pasinetti, Giulio Maria (1 January 2013). "Decreased level of olfactory receptors in blood cells following traumatic brain injury and potential association with tauopathy". Journal of Alzheimer's disease: JAD. 34 (2): 417–429. doi:10.3233/JAD-121894. ISSN 1875-8908. PMID 23241557.