East Slavs

The East Slavs are the ethnic group that evolved into the Belarusian and Ukrainian peoples. They also contributed a large linguistic component and and a minority ethnic component of the Russian people. Each of the many nationalities of Rus' has a separate history and complex origins. The historical origins of the Russian state, however, are chiefly those of the East Slav minority and the assimilated Finno-Ugric majority people of the North-Eastern Europe.

Inhabitants of the East European Plain

Many ethnically diverse peoples migrated onto the East European Plain, but the late arriving East Slavs gradually became dominant.

Long before the organization of Kievan Rus', Iranian and other peoples lived in the area of present-day Ukraine. The best known of those groups was the nomadic Scythians, who occupied the region from about the 6th century BC to the 2nd century BC and whose skill in warfare and horsemanship is legendary. Between the 1st century AD and the 9th century, Goths and nomadic Huns, Avars, and Magyars passed through the region in their migrations. Although some of them subjugated the Slavs in the region, those tribes left little of lasting importance. More significant in this period was the expansion of the Slavs, who were agriculturists and beekeepers as well as hunters, fishers, herders, and trappers. By the 6th century, the Slavs were the dominant ethnic group on the East European Plain.

Little is known of the origin of the Slavs. Philologists and archaeologists theorize that the Slavs settled very early in the Carpathian Mountains or in the area of present-day Belarus. By 600 AD, they had split linguistically into southern, western, and eastern branches. The East Slavs settled along the Dnepr in what is now Ukraine; then they spread northward to the northern Volga valley, east of modern-day Moscow, and westward to the basins of the northern Dnestr and the Western Bug rivers, in present-day Moldova and southern Ukraine. In the eighth and ninth centuries, many East Slavic tribes paid tribute to the Khazars, a Turkic-speaking people who adopted Judaism in the late eighth or ninth century and lived in the southern Volga and Caucasus regions.

East Slavs and the Varangians

By the ninth century, Scandinavian warriors and merchants, called Varangians (more commonly known as Vikings), had penetrated the East Slavic regions. See Kievan Rus' for continuation.

Tribes

• Dregovichs
• Drevlians
• Ilmen Slavs (also Slovene)
• Krivichs
• Polans
• Radimichs
• Vyatichs
• Severyans
• Tivertsy
• Ulichs (also Uglichs)
• Volhynians (also Velhynians)
• Dulebs
• Buzhans
• Polochans

See also

• Ruthenians

References

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  - Russia