Fuad I of Egypt
Fuad I (Arabic: فؤاد الاول), King of Egypt and Sudan, Sovereign of Nubia, Kordofan, and Darfur (né Ahmed Fuad, March 26, 1868 - April 28, 1936) was the first King of Egypt in the modern era. He became sultan of Egypt in 1917, succeeding his elder brother Husayn Kamil, and then became king in 1922, when Britain granted Egypt independence.
Ahmed Fuad was born in Giza Palace in Cairo, the seventh son of Isma'il Pasha. He was a member of the Muhammad Ali dynasty, a family of Albanian origin which came to prominence in Egypt under the Ottoman Empire.[citation needed] His mother was Farial Kadin.
Reign
Fuad struggled with the Wafd party throughout all of his reign. As a result, in 1928, Fuad abrogated the 1923 constitution to substitute a new constitution that limited the role of parliament to advisory status only. Great agitation compelled him, in 1935, to restore the earlier constitution.
Family
He married his first wife in Cairo, May 30, 1895 at the Abbasiya Palace in Cairo, February 14, 1896, H.H. Princess Shivakiar Khanum Effendi (1876-1947). She was his cousin and the only daughter of Field Marshal H.H. Prince Ibrahim Fahmi Ahmad Pasha. They had two children, a son, Ismail Fuad, who died in infancy, and a daughter, Fawkia. Unhappily married, the couple divorced in 1898. During a dispute with the brother of his first wife, Fuad was shot in the throat. He survived, but carried that scar the rest of his life.
Fuad married his second wife at the Bustan Palace, Cairo, May 26, 1919. She was Nazli Sabri (1894-1978), daughter of H.E. Abdu'r-Rahim Pasha Sabri, sometime Minister of Agriculture and Governor of Cairo, by his wife, Tawfika Khanum Sharif. Queen Nazli also was a maternal granddaughter of Major-General H.E. Muhammad Sharif Pasha, sometime Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs, and a great-granddaughter of Suleiman Pasha, a French officer in Napoleon's army who converted to Islam and reorganized the Egyptian army. The couple had five children, the future Farouk I and four daughters, the Princesses Fawzia (who became Queen Consort of Iran), Faiza, Faika, and Fathiya. As with his first wife, Fuad's relation with his second wife was also stormy. The couple continually fought; Fuad evem forbidding Nazli from leavening the palace. When Fuad died, it was said that the triumphant Nazli sold all of his cloths to a used cloth market in Cairo as revenge.
Fuad I died at the Kubba Palace in Cairo and was buried at the Khedival Mausoleum in the ar-Rifai Mosque in Cairo.
Marriages
1.Shivakiar Khanum Effendi (1876-1947)
Children
2.Nazli Sabri (1894-1978)
Children
- Farouk I (1920-1965)
- Fawzia (1921-) (Queen Consort of Iran)
- Faiza (1923-1994)
- Faika (1926-1983)
- Fathiya (1930-1976)
See also
References
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