Onychectomy
Onychectomy is the act of surgically removing the claws, most often of a household cat, though occasionally of other animals such as circus lions or dancing bears. This process involves amputating the entire distal phalanx, or end bone, of the animal's toes, under anaesthesia, and is popularly known as declawing.
Legal status
The incidence of declawing varies widely from country to country, as do the laws governing its practice. Many European countries prohibit or significantly restrict the practice, as do Australia, Brazil, Israel, New Zealand, Japan and Turkey.
Australia
In Australia, legislation concerning animal welfare is enacted at the state level and is highly inconsistent. There are ongoing efforts to develop a National Animal Welfare Act; in its current state, the bill would prohibit the declawing of cats except for medical reasons. However, some pro-wildlife campaigners advocate declawing (and possibly defanging) to protect native wildlife from pet cats.
Europe
In many European countries the practice is forbidden under the terms of the European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals, unless there is a medical indication for the procedure, or a veterinarian considers it beneficial to the animal. Some European countries go further, such as Germany and Switzerland, where declawing cats is always illegal under their laws against cruelty to animals.
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, declawing is extremely uncommon, to the extent that most people have never seen a declawed cat. The procedure is considered cruel by almost all British vets, who refuse to perform it except for medical reasons. The "Mutilations report" found in an annex of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons' Guide to Professional Conduct states:
- This procedure is only acceptable where, in the opinion of the veterinary surgeon, injury to the animal is likely to occur during normal activity. It is not acceptable if carried out for the convenience of the owner ... the removal of claws, particularly those which are weight-bearing, to preclude damage to furnishings is not acceptable.[1]
The Animal Welfare Bill, which is currently (autumn 2006) making its way through Parliament, will explicitly prohibit the mutilation of an animal for non-therapeutic reasons, and therefore should this Bill pass into law, declawing for other than therapeutic reasons will become illegal.
North America
In the United States and Canada, declawing is a widespread practice, although precise figures are hard to come by and there is considerable variation within North America. It is a controversial subject, and often causes heated debate between those who believe it is cruel and that owners who declaw are putting the health of their furniture before that of their cat, and those who argue that declawing is better option in some cases than sending a cat to a shelter where it may be euthanised. Although declawing was briefly outlawed in West Hollywood[2] the law was overturned.[3]
Alternatives to declawing
One popular, relatively inexpensive alternative to declawing is the application of vinyl nail caps (marketed in the US under brand names such as Soft Paws and Soft Claws) that are affixed to the claws with nontoxic glue, requiring periodic replacement when the cat sheds its claw sheaths (usually every four to six weeks, depending on the cat's scratching habits).
Other alternatives to declawing due to scratching also include the use of scratching posts, regular nail trimming, training (for example, deterrence with a water pistol), or a natural pheromone supplement that will deter the animal from scratching where the substance has been sprayed. Other alternatives are generally discussed prior to surgery. [citation needed]
See also
External links
- American Veterinary Medical Assocation Statement on Declawing
- Declawing and Its Alternatives from The Pet Health Library
- DECLAWING: What you need to know (anti-declawing site)
- Declawing Your Cat Claws & Paws Veterinary Hospital, Texas (generally positive about declawing). Last accessed July 21, 2006.
- RCVS Guide to Professional Conduct - Mutilations report*
- Studies Pertaining to Feline Onychectomy
- Swiss Federal Act on Animal Protection, 1978, Section 8: Prohibited Practices, §22(g): Swiss law outlawing the declawing of cats; last accessed August 22, 2005.
- European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals, Chapter II - Principles for the keeping of pet animals, Article 10(1); last accessed August 22, 2005.
- Australia's National Animal Welfare Bill 2005. Last accessed August 24, 2005.