Bureau of Heraldry
The Bureau of Heraldry is the South African heraldic authority, established in Pretoria on 1 June 1963. It is headed by a State Herald and its functions are to register arms, badges, flags and seals (as well as names and uniforms), to keep a public register, to issue registration certificates and, since 1980, to advise the government on heraldic matters. Together with the Heraldry Council, it forms part of the State Archives Service (formerly called the National Archives), which is currently under the authority of the Minister of Arts & Culture.
Purposes
Under South African law, everyone has the right to bear a coat of arms as she or he pleases, as long as he does not infringe on the rights of anyone else and it conforms to basic Heraldic principles. The State Herald of South Africa, approves of and registers arms under the authority given by the Heraldry Act. This process is in substance no different than that used by the Republic of Ireland wherein the authority of the Chief Herald of Ireland is vested in the Irish government through the National Library of Ireland. The Chief Herald of Ireland is an employee of the National Library of Ireland. The College of Arms in London is a private corporation operating under the jurisdiction/authority of the Crown of England and forming part of the Royal Household. The Canadian Heraldic Authority, financed by the Canadian Government, operates under the direct supervision of the Queen of Canada via the Office of the Queen's representative, the Governor General. The Lord Lyon of Scotland has direct control of the assignation of Arms in Scotland.
In addition to Coats of Arms that are granted and registered, the Bureau of Heraldry keeps records of names, uniforms, and badges (which include some corporate arms) previously registered by the Department of the Interior (1935-1959) and the Department of Education, Arts & Sciences (1959-1963). Anyone, regardless of nationality or place of residence, may register arms with the Bureau. Since 1980, it has also been authorized to register the arms of official bodies in foreign countries.
Originally, applications had to be approved by the Heraldry Council before the Bureau could register them, but the power of approval was delegated to the Bureau in 1969, though the Bureau can still refer applications to the Council (or, since 1980, its Heraldry Committee) when necessary. In 1980, the Bureau was authorised to delete arms from the register, either on an applicant's request or, in the case of official, municipal or corporate arms, if the organisation concerned no longer exists. Appeals against Bureau decisions can be made to the Heraldry Council.
The illustrated blazons of applications for registration are published in the South African Government Gazette. Blazons (but not illustrations) of arms registered at the Bureau and its predecessors up to the end of the year 2000 are available online through the National Archives website.
Naturally, the Bureau is itself armigerous - its arms, adopted in 1965, are Azure, three escutcheons Or, on a chief of the second the South African lion. They are depicted on the seal on each registration certificate and, in the 1960s and early 1970s, they were depicted in full colour at the head of the certificate too.
State Herald
The State Herald is a civil servant, and is the head of the Bureau of Heraldry and an ex officio member of the Heraldry Council. There have been four state heralds since the office was established in 1963:
- Dr Coenraad Beyers (1963-1964)
- Norden Hartman (1964-1982)
- Frederick Brownell (1982-2002)
- Themba Mabaso (2002- )
References
- Heraldry Act 1962, as amended
- Annual Reports of the Department of National Education
- Annual Reports of the Department of Arts & Culture
See also
- Heraldry
- Heraldry Council (South Africa)
- Canadian Heraldic Authority
- College of Arms (London)
- Court of the Lord Lyon (Scotland)
- Flemish Heraldic Council
- Office of the Chief Herald of Ireland
External links
- National Archives of South Africa website
- South African Heraldry Website
- Armoria: Heraldry in South Africa
- Heraldry Act of 1962 (PDF)
- Genealogy & Heraldry Bill, 2006 [1] - new legislation proposed for Irish heraldry