Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation/VerifiedDataSandbox and Halazepam: Difference between pages

{{Short description|Chemical compound}}

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 461743655

| IUPAC_name = 7-chloro-5-phenyl-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3''H''-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one

| width = 170

| width2 = 150

| tradename =

| legal_BR = B1

| legal_BR_comment = <ref>{{Cite web |author=Anvisa |author-link=Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency |date=2023-03-31 |title=RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial |trans-title=Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control|url=https://www.in.gov.br/en/web/dou/-/resolucao-rdc-n-784-de-31-de-marco-de-2023-474904992 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803143925/https://www.in.gov.br/en/web/dou/-/resolucao-rdc-n-784-de-31-de-marco-de-2023-474904992 |archive-date=2023-08-03 |access-date=2023-08-16 |publisher=[[Diário Oficial da União]] |language=pt-BR |publication-date=2023-04-04}}</ref>

| legal_CA = Schedule IV

| legal_DE = Rx-only/Anlage III

| legal_US = Schedule IV

| bioavailability =

| elimination_half-life = 14 hours (halazepam), 50–100 hours (metabolites).

| IUPHAR_ligand = 7195

| C=17 | H=12 | Cl=1 | F=3 | N=2 | O=1

| smiles = FC(F)(CN1C(CN=C(C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=C1C=CC(Cl)=C3)=O)F

| synonyms = <small>9-chloro-6-phenyl-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2,5-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undeca-5,8,10,12-tetraen-3-one</small>

'''Halazepam''' is a [[benzodiazepine]] derivative that was marketed under the brand names '''Paxipam''' in the United States,<ref name=DrugsH /> '''Alapryl''' in Spain,<ref name=DrugsA>{{cite web|title=Alapryl|url=https://www.drugs.com/international/alapryl.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=December 11, 2014}}</ref> and '''Pacinone''' in Portugal.<ref name=DrugsP>{{cite web|title=Pacinone|url=https://www.drugs.com/international/pacinone.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=December 11, 2014}}</ref>

==Medical uses==

Halazepam was used for the treatment of [[anxiety]].<ref name=DrugsH />

==Adverse effects==

Adverse effects include drowsiness, confusion, dizziness, and sedation. Gastrointestinal side effects have also been reported including dry mouth and nausea.<ref name=DrugsH />

==Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics==

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were listed in ''Current Psychotherapeutic Drugs'' published on June 15, 1998 as follows:<ref>{{cite book| veditors = Quitkin FM, etal | vauthors = Sellers EM | chapter = Antianxiety agents: benzodiazepine derivatives |title = Current Psychotherapeutic Drugs |date=1998|publisher=American Psychiatric Press|location=Washington|isbn=978-0-88048-994-2 |page=166|edition=2nd}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"

|-

| Onset of action || Intermediate to slow

|-

| Plasma half life || 14 hr for parent drug and 30-100 hr for its metabolite

|-

| Peak plasma levels || 1-3 hr for parent drug and 3-6 hf for its metabolite

|-

| Metabolism || Metabolized into desmethyldiazepam and 3-hydroxyhalazepam (in the liver)

|-

| Excretion || Excreted through kidneys

|-

| Protein binding|| 98% bound to plasma protein

|}

==Regulatory Information==

Halazepam is classified as a [[Controlled Substances Act#Schedule IV controlled substances|schedule 4]] [[controlled substance]] with a corresponding code 2762 by the [[Drug Enforcement Administration]] (DEA).<ref name=DEA>{{cite web|title=SCHEDULES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES|url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2012-title21-vol9/xml/CFR-2012-title21-vol9-part1308.xml|publisher=Code of Federal Regulations|access-date=December 12, 2014|pages=§ 1308.14 Schedule IV|date=2012-04-01}}</ref>

==Commercial production==

Halazepam was invented by Schlesinger Walter in the U.S. It was marketed as an anti-anxiety agent in 1981. However, Halazepam is not commercially available in the United States because it was withdrawn by its manufacturer for poor sales.<ref name=DrugsH>{{cite web|title=halazepam|url=https://www.drugs.com/mtm/halazepam.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=December 11, 2014}}</ref>

==See also==

*[[Benzodiazepine]]s

*[[Nordazepam]]

*[[Diazepam]]

*[[Chlordiazepoxide]]

*[[Quazepam]], [[fletazepam]], [[triflubazam]] — benzodiazepines with [[trifluoromethyl group]] attached

==References==

{{Reflist}}

==External links==

* [http://www.inchem.org/documents/pims/pharm/pim160.htm Inchem - Halazepam]

{{Benzodiazepines}}

{{Anxiolytics}}

{{GABAAR PAMs}}

[[Category:Withdrawn drugs]]

[[Category:Benzodiazepines]]

[[Category:Chloroarenes]]

[[Category:Lactams]]

[[Category:Trifluoromethyl compounds]]

{{sedative-stub}}