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| bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
|title=Anniversary of the death of Agostino Bassi
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|year=1954
|year=1954
|month=January
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|title=Quello che la medicina deve ad Agostino Bassi
|title=Quello che la medicina deve ad Agostino Bassi| language =
|language=Italian
|trans_title=Debt of medicine to Agostino Bassi
|trans_title=Debt of medicine to Agostino Bassi
|journal=Rivista d'ostetricia e ginecologia pratica
|journal=Rivista d'ostetricia e ginecologia pratica
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| bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
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*{{cite book
*{{cite book
|title=Opere di Agostino Bassi n. a Mairago 1773 - m. a Lodi 1856
|title=Opere di Agostino Bassi n. a Mairago 1773 - m. a Lodi 1856
⚫
|author:Agostino Bassi
|place=Pavia
|place=Pavia
|publisher=Tipografia cooperativa
|publisher=Tipografia cooperativa
|year=1925
|year=1925
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|author=:Agostino Bassi
|unused_data=author:Agostino Bassi
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**(reviewed in {{cite journal |title=[Opere di Agostino Bassi] |author="L G"|format=untitled review |language=French |journal=Isis |date=July 1926 |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=497-8 |jstor=223917 |oclc=480597001 }} )
**(reviewed in {{cite journal |title=[Opere di Agostino Bassi] |author="L G"|format=untitled review |language=French |journal=Isis |date=July 1926 |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=497–8 |jstor=223917 |oclc=480597001 |doi=10.1086/358421 }} )


==External links==
==External links==

Revision as of 15:42, 27 June 2011

Agostino Bassi
Agostino Bassi
Born25 September 1773
Mairago, Lombardy
Died8 February 1856
Lodi, Lombardy
NationalityItalian
Known forBeauveria bassiana
Scientific career
Fieldsentomology
Saint Francis Church in Lodi, where Agostino Bassi is buried
Agostino Bassi’s tomb
File:Bassi-stamp.jpg
Agostino Bassi stamp

Agostino Bassi, sometimes called de Lodi, (25 September 1773, near Lodi, Lombardy – 8 February 1856, in Lodi) was a Lombard entomologist. He preceded Louis Pasteur in the discovery that microorganisms can be the cause of disease (the germ theory of disease). He discovered that the muscardine disease of silkworms was caused by a living, very small, parasitic organism, a fungus that would be named eventually Beauveria bassiana in his honor. In 1844, he stated the idea that not only animal (insect), but also human diseases are caused by other living microorganisms; for example, measles, syphilis, and the plague.

He was the son of a wealthy farmer and a lawyer who also had a passion for biology. However, his father did not want him to take up biology, but wanted him instead to look after the family's property, to become a civil servant and to join the Imperial administration.

Bassi did so, but also followed the lessons of Lazzaro Spallanzani, a relative, until he died. His studies of 1807 concerned mal de segno (also known as muscardine, after a French candy), a lethal disease of domestic silkworms (Bombyx mori). Infected caterpillars are covered with a fine white powder and die. This disease initially appeared in Italy around 1805; then in France, by 1841. After 1849, the silk farms were almost all abandoned because of this devastating disease. The research to find the cause of this disease took him 25 years. Bassi published the results of his investigations in a paper entitled Del mal del segno, calcinaccio o moscardino (1835), stating that a living entity was the culprit, and that it was contagious; we now know that the powdery appearance on the killed silkworms is caused by the production of millions of infectious white fungal spores on the dead insect (see Beauveria bassiana). He is credited with rescuing the economically important silk industry, by recommendations like the use of disinfectants; separating the rows of feeding caterpillars; isolating and destroying infected caterpillars; and keeping the farms clean. This brought Bassi immediate fame. "Del Mal del Segno, Calcinaccio o Moscardino" was translated into French and distributed throughout Europe.[1]

From this work he expanded on a theory explaining that many diseases of plants, animals and human beings were caused by pathogenic organisms. He thus preceded the work of Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch. He was also the author of work on the culture of potatoes, on cheese, wine making, leprosy and cholera. Louis Pasteur (1822–1895) was greatly influenced by his work. Pasteur had the portraits of both Spallanzani and Bassi in his office.

The standard author abbreviation A.Bassi is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.[2]

Bassi’s tomb in Lodi

Agostino Bassi was buried in the beautiful Romanesque church of Saint Francis (13th century), evocative and rich of frescos. His tomb can be seen in the right transept, laid to a wall, at the ground level.

Philately

In 1953 the Italian post office issued a stamp on the 180th anniversary of Bassi's birth in 1773. The stamp features a portrait of Bassi bordered by silkmoth adults and pupae [1].

References

  1. ^ See, for example: Jacques Barbo, De la muscardine (maladie des vers à soie),... [On muscardine (illness of silkworms)], (Paris, France: Bonbée, 1836).
  2. ^ International Plant Names Index.  A.Bassi.
  • Kyle, RA (1979). "Agostino Bassi". J Am Med Assoc. 241 (15): 1584. doi:10.1001/jama.241.15.1584. PMID 372592. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |laysource=, |laysummary=, and |laydate= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  • Ronchese, F (1976). "Agostino Bassi (1773-1856)". Rhode Island medical journal. 59 (3): 111–2. PMID 778982. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |laysummary=, |laydate=, and |laysource= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  • Porter, J R (1973). "Agostino Bassi bicentennial (1773-1973)". Bacteriological reviews. 37 (3): 284–8. PMC 413819. PMID 4585794. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |laysummary=, |laydate=, and |laysource= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  • Huard, P (1956). "Anniversary of the death of Agostino Bassi". Le Progrés médical. 84 (22): 421–2. PMID 13389569. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |laydate=, |laysummary=, and |laysource= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Harant, H (1956). "[A pioneer of parasitology and a forerunner of the Pasteur doctrine: Agostino Bassi (1773-1856).]". Montpellier médical. 50 (3): 393–9. PMID 13407643. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |laydate=, |laysummary=, and |laysource= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  • Arcieri, GP (1956). "Agostino Bassi in the history of medical thought: A. Bassi and L. Pasteur". Rivista di storia delle scienze mediche e naturali. 47 (Suppl): 1–40. OCLC 601027666. PMID 13421588. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |laysummary=, |laydate=, |month=, and |laysource= (help)
  • Arcieri, Giovanni P (1938). Agostino Bassi in the history of medical thought : A. Bassi and L. Pasteur : the contagium vivum theory throughout the centurries - aspects and considerations. New York City: Vigo Press. OCLC 11342958.
  • Dossena, G (1954). "Quello che la medicina deve ad Agostino Bassi". Rivista d'ostetricia e ginecologia pratica. 36 (1): 43–53. PMID 13168166. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |laysummary=, |laydate=, and |laysource= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • :Agostino Bassi (1925). Opere di Agostino Bassi n. a Mairago 1773 - m. a Lodi 1856. Pavia: Tipografia cooperativa. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |unused_data= ignored (help)

External links

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