Cucaracha Formation

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Coordinates: 9°00′N 79°36′W / 9.0°N 79.6°W / 9.0; -79.6
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Cucaracha Formation
Stratigraphic range: Early Burdigalian-Mid Langhian (Hemingfordian-Barstovian)
19–14 Ma
↓
TypeFormation
UnderliesPedro Miguel & La Boca Formations
OverliesCulebra Formation
Thickness~125 m (410 ft)
Lithology
PrimarySandstone, conglomerate
OtherClaystone
Location
Coordinates9°00′N 79°36′W / 9.0°N 79.6°W / 9.0; -79.6
Approximate paleocoordinates8°24′N 77°30′W / 8.4°N 77.5°W / 8.4; -77.5
RegionPanamá Province
Country Panama
ExtentPanama Basin
Cucaracha Formation is located in Panama
Cucaracha Formation
Cucaracha Formation (Panama)

The Cucaracha Formation (Tca)[1] is a geologic formation in Panama. It preserves vertebrate and plant fossils dating back to the Neogene period; Early to Middle Miocene epochs (Hemingfordian).[2] Fossils of the crocodylian Centenariosuchus, the turtle Rhinoclemmys panamaensis and the artiodactyl Paratoceras have been found in the formation.[3]

The Cucaracha Formation is approximately 125 metres (410 ft) thick,[4] and dated to 19 to 14 Ma.[5]

Fossil content

Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Mammals

Bats

Bats reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Americanycteris[6] A. cyrtodon Centenario Bridge 6 & Hodges Hill localities Partial jaw & right premolar A leaf-nosed bat

Carnivorans

Carnivorans reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Hemicyonidae indet.[7] Indeterminate Gaillard Cut Radius & ulna fragment A bear
Tomarctus[7] T. brevirostris Gaillard Cut Jaw & teeth A borophagine dog

Ungulates

Ungulates reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Anchitherium[7] A. clarencei Gaillard Cut Mandible fragment & upper cheek tooth An equid
Archaeohippus[7] A. sp. Gaillard Cut Calcaneus & tooth An equid
Cynorca[8] C. occidentale Gaillard Cut, Centenario Bridge & Hodges Hill Jaw elements with teeth Species reassigned to the genus Tedfordhyus[9]
Floridaceras[7] F. whitei Gaillard Cut Jaws, teeth & femur fragment A rhinoceros
Menoceras[7] M. barbouri Gaillard Cut Teeth & limb elements A rhinoceros
Merycochoerus[7] M. matthewi Gaillard Cut Skull elements An oreodont
Paratoceras[7][10] P. coatesi Gaillard Cut, Centenario Bridge, Hodges Hill & Cartagena Hill Skull elements, teeth & limb fragments A protoceratid, first reported as P. wardi
P. wardi Gaillard Cut Skull elements, teeth & limb fragments Remains reassigned to P. coatesi
Tedfordhyus[8] T. occidentalis Gaillard Cut, Centenario Bridge & Hodges Hill Jaw elements with teeth A peccary, originally named Cynorca occidentale

Reptiles

Reptiles reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Centenariosuchus[11] C. gilmorei Hodges Hill Skull & jaw A caiman
cf. C. gilmorei Centenario Bridge Right angular A caiman
Dadagavialis[12] D. gunai East margin of the Panama Canal Partial snout A gavialid
cf. D. gunai Centenario Bridge Partial mandible A gavialid
Eusuchia indet.[11] Indeterminate Panama Canal Zone Headless skeleton Osteoderms comparable to those of gavialids such as Gavialosuchus, but crocodilian osteoderms are non-diagnostic
Podocnemididae indet.[13] Incertae sedis Centenario Bridge Right epiplastron A side-necked turtle
Rhinoclemmys[13] R. panamaensis Centenario Bridge Shell elements A geoemydid turtle
R. sp. Centenario Bridge & Culebra Reach Isolated bones A geoemydid turtle
Staurotypus[13] S. moschus Centenario Bridge Peripheral part of shell A kinosternid turtle
Testudinidae indet.[13] Incertae sedis Culebra Reach Shell & limb elements A tortoise
Trionychidae indet.[13] Incertae sedis Centenario Bridge Right costal A softshell turtle

Plants

Plants reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Panascleroticoxylon[14] P. crystallosa Hodges Hill Wood A member of Malpighiales
Prioria[15] P. canalensis Hodges Hill Wood A legume
P. hodgesii Hodges Hill Wood A legume
Rourea[16] R. blatta Northern Lirio East site Wood A liana belongings to the Connaraceae

See also

References

  1. ^ Geologic Map, 1980
  2. ^ Cucaracha Formation at Fossilworks.org
  3. ^ Centenariosuchus at Fossilworks.org
  4. ^ Kirby et al., 2008, p.9
  5. ^ Kirby et al., 2008, p.11
  6. ^ Morgan, Gary S.; Czaplewski, Nicholas; Rincon, Aldo F.; Bloch, Jonathan Ivan (November 2023). "A new early Miocene bat (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Panama confirms middle Cenozoic chiropteran dispersal between the Americas". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 30 (4): 1–31. doi:10.1007/s10914-023-09690-4.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h Macfadden, Bruce J. (2006). "North American Miocene Land Mammals from Panama". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 26 (3): 720–734. ISSN 0272-4634.
  8. ^ a b Macfadden, Bruce J.; Kirby, Michael X.; Rincon, Aldo; Montes, Camilo; Moron, Sara; Strong, Nikki; Jaramillo, Carlos (March 2010). "Extinct peccary "Cynorca" occidentale (Tayassuidae, Tayassuinae) from the Miocene of Panama and correlations to North America". Journal of Paleontology. 84 (2): 288–298. doi:10.1666/09-064R.1. ISSN 0022-3360.
  9. ^ PROTHERO, DONALD R. (2021-05-28). THE SYSTEMATICS OF NORTH AMERICAN PECCARIES (MAMMALIA: ARTIODACTYLA: TAYASSUIDAE). New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science.
  10. ^ Rincon, Aldo F.; Bloch, Jonathan I.; Macfadden, Bruce J.; Jaramillo, Carlos A. (2015-09-03). "New early Miocene protoceratids (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from Panama". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 35 (5): e970688. doi:10.1080/02724634.2015.970688. ISSN 0272-4634.
  11. ^ a b Hastings, Alexander K.; Bloch, Jonathan I.; Jaramillo, Carlos A.; Rincon, Aldo F.; Macfadden, Bruce J. (2013). "Systematics and biogeography of crocodylians from the Miocene of Panama". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 33 (2): 239. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.713814. ISSN 0272-4634.
  12. ^ Salas-Gismondi, Rodolfo; Moreno-Bernal, Jorge W.; Scheyer, Torsten M.; Sánchez-Villagra, Marcelo R.; Jaramillo, Carlos (2019-06-18). "New Miocene Caribbean gavialoids and patterns of longirostry in crocodylians". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 17 (12): 1049–1075. doi:10.1080/14772019.2018.1495275. ISSN 1477-2019.
  13. ^ a b c d e Cadena, E.; Bourque, J.R.; Rincón, A.F.; Bloch, J.I.; Jaramillo, C.A.; MacFadden, B.J. (2012). "New turtles (Chelonia) from the late Eocene through Late Miocene of the Panama Canal Basin". Journal of Paleontology. 86 (3): 539–557.
  14. ^ Rodriguez-Reyes, Oris; Gasson, Peter; Thornton, Carolyn; Falcon-Lang, Howard J.; Jud, Nathan A. (2017-12-06). "Panascleroticoxylon crystallosa gen. et sp. nov.: a new Miocene malpighialean tree from Panama". IAWA Journal. 38 (4): 437–455. doi:10.1163/22941932-20170178. ISSN 0928-1541.
  15. ^ Rodríguez-Reyes, Oris; Gasson, Peter; Falcon-Lang, Howard J.; Collinson, Margaret E. (November 2017). "Fossil legume woods of the Prioria-clade (subfamily Detarioideae) from the lower Miocene (early to mid-Burdigalian) part of the Cucaracha Formation of Panama (Central America) and their systematic and palaeoecological implications". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 246: 44–61. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2017.06.005.
  16. ^ Jud, Nathan A.; Nelson, Chris W. (May 2017). "A liana from the lower Miocene of Panama and the fossil record of Connaraceae". American Journal of Botany. 104 (5): 685–693. doi:10.3732/ajb.1700080. ISSN 0002-9122.

Bibliography

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