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Since 2015, IMGT has been headed by Sofia Kossida.<ref>{{cite web | title = IMGT About Us | url = https://www.imgt.org/about/aboutus.php | accessdate = 12 Jan 2023 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20220920090408/https://www.imgt.org/about/aboutus.php | archivedate = 20 Sep 2022}}</ref>
Since 2015, IMGT has been headed by Sofia Kossida.<ref>{{cite web | title = IMGT About Us | url = https://www.imgt.org/about/aboutus.php | accessdate = 12 Jan 2023 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20220920090408/https://www.imgt.org/about/aboutus.php | archivedate = 20 Sep 2022}}</ref>

== IMGT Databases ==

IMGT, the international ImMunoGeneTics information system, is a collection of databases focused on immunoglobulins (IG), T cell receptors (TR), major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and related proteins of the immune system. These databases are used to catalog and analyze these components to further the study of immunology.

{| class="wikitable"
|
|-
! Database !! Description !! Usage
|-
| [https://www.imgt.org/IMGTindex/ IMGT/LIGM-DB] || A database of sequences for immunoglobulins and T cell receptors, including variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) gene segments. || Used to analyze genetic variations, species diversity, and the structure of immunoglobulin and T cell receptor sequences.
|-
| [https://www.imgt.org/IMGTindex/IMGTgene-db.php IMGT/GENE-DB] || A repository of information on the official IMGT gene nomenclature and the organization of immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes. || Useful for understanding gene structure, naming conventions, and gene organization in the immune system.
|-
| [https://www.imgt.org/IMGTindex/IMGT3Dstructure-db.php IMGT/3Dstructure-DB] || A database containing 3D structures of immunoglobulins and T cell receptors. || Allows exploration of protein domain arrangement, structural features, and antibody-antigen interactions.
|-
| [https://www.imgt.org/IMGTindex/IMGTDomainGapAlign.php IMGT/DomainGapAlign] || A database providing annotated alignments of immunoglobulin and T cell receptor variable and constant domain amino acid sequences. || Used for comparing sequences, identifying conserved regions, and analyzing similarities between different genes and species.
|-
| [https://www.imgt.org/IMGTindex/IMGTColliers-de-Perles.php IMGT/Colliers de Perles] || A database that provides the IMGT unique numbering for immunoglobulin and T cell receptor variable domain amino acids. || Used to understand positional equivalences of amino acids and analyze sequence features.
|-
| [https://www.imgt.org/IMGTPrimerDB/ IMGT/PRIMER-DB] || A collection of standardized information and tools for analyzing immunoglobulin and T cell receptor variable and constant region genes. || Designed for primer design, sequence analysis, and experimental sequence annotation.
|-
| [https://www.imgt.org/IMGTindex/IMGTmAb-DB.php IMGT/mAb-DB] || A database with standardized information on monoclonal antibodies and engineered antibodies. || Helps analyze antibody sequences, structures, and functions for research and therapeutic applications.
|-
| [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ipd/imgt/hla/ IMGT/MH-DB] || A database for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) sequences and alleles. || Useful for studying MHC diversity, antigen presentation, and immune response.
|-
| [https://www.imgt.org/CLLDBInterface/query IMGT/CLL-DB] || A database for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) immunoglobulin sequences. || A resource to explore genetic variations and clonal evolution in CLL.
|}

== Differences between IMGT/3Dstructure-DB and IMGT/Colliers de Perles ==

IMGT/3Dstructure-DB and IMGT/Colliers de Perles serve distinct purposes in the study of immunoglobulins and T cell receptors:

* Focus and Purpose
- IMGT/3Dstructure-DB is designed to provide three-dimensional structures of immunoglobulins and T cell receptors to study spatial arrangements, structural features, and antibody-antigen interactions .<ref>[IMGT/3Dstructure-DB Help](https://www.imgt.org/3Dstructure-DB/doc/IMGT3DstructureDBHelp.shtml)</ref>
- IMGT/Colliers de Perles focuses on the IMGT unique numbering system for immunoglobulin and T cell receptor variable domain amino acids .

* Data Types
- IMGT/3Dstructure-DB contains structural data, including coordinates and other information about the 3D arrangement of atoms within immunoglobulins and T cell receptors.
- IMGT/Colliers de Perles uses a numbering system to classify amino acids, providing a consistent framework for analyzing variable domain sequences.

* Applications
- IMGT/3Dstructure-DB is useful for structural biologists and researchers interested in antibody-antigen interactions and protein modeling.
- IMGT/Colliers de Perles helps with immunogenetics, sequence analysis, and studies on the gene diversity of immunoglobulins and T cell receptors.




== See also ==
== See also ==

Revision as of 19:32, 25 April 2024

IMGT
Content
DescriptionNucleic sequences, amino acids, annotations, and tools related to the adaptive immune system.
OrganismsVertebrate
Release date1989; 35 years ago (1989)
Access
WebsiteIMGT

IMGT or the international ImMunoGeneTics information system is a collection of databases and resources for immunoinformatics, particularly the V, D, J, and C gene sequences, as well as a providing other tools and data related to the adaptive immune system.[1] IMGT/LIGM-DB, the first and still largest database hosted as part of IMGT contains reference nucleotide sequences for 360 species' T-cell receptor and immunoglobulin molecules, as of 2023.[2] These genes encode the proteins which are the foundation of adaptive immunity, which allows highly specific recognition and memory of pathogens.

History

The logo of IMGT

IMGT was founded in June, 1989, by Marie-Paule Lefranc, an immunologist working at University of Montpellier. The project was presented to the 10th Human Genome Mapping Workshop, and resulted in the recognition of V, D, J, and C regions as genes.[3] The first resource created was IMGT/LIGM-DB, a reference for nucleotide sequences of T-cell receptor and immunoglobulin of humans, and later vertebrate species. IMGT was created under the auspices of Laboratoire d'ImmunoGénétique Moléculaire at the University of Montpellier as well as French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS).

As both T-cell receptors and immunoglobulin molecules are built through a process of recombination of nucleotide sequences, the annotation of the building block regions and their role is unique within the genome. To standardize terminology and references, the IMGT-NC was created in 1992 and recognized by the International Union of Immunological Societies as a nomenclature subcommittee.[4] Other tools include IMGT/Collier-de-Perles, a method for two dimensional representation of receptor amino acid sequences, and IMGT/mAb-DB, a database of monoclonal antibodies. Now maintained by the HLA Informatics Group, the primary reference for human HLA, IPD-IMGT/HLA Database, originated in part with IMGT.[5] It was merged with the Immuno Polymorphism Database in 2003 to form the current reference.

Since 2015, IMGT has been headed by Sofia Kossida.[6]

See also

References

  1. ^ Lefranc, Marie-Paule (2014). "Immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes: IMGT® and the birth and rise of immunoinformatics". Frontiers in Immunology. 5 (22): 22. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00022. PMC 3913909. PMID 24600447.
  2. ^ "IMGT". Archived from the original on 3 Jan 2023. Retrieved 12 Jan 2023.
  3. ^ Lefranc, Marie-Paule; Lefranc, Gérard (2019). "IMGT® and 30 Years of Immunoinformatics Insight in Antibody V and C Domain Structure and Function". Antibodies. 8 (2): 29. doi:10.3390/antib8020029. PMC 6640715. PMID 31544835.
  4. ^ WHO-IUIS Nomenclature Sub-Committee on TCR Designation (1993). "Nomenclature for T-cell receptor (TCR) gene segments of the immune system". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 71 (1): 113–115.
  5. ^ Robinson, James; Barker, Dominic J; Georgiou, Xenia; Cooper, Michael A; Flicek, Paul; Marsh, Steven G E (2020). "IPD-IMGT/HLA Database". Nucleic Acids Research. 48 (D1): D948–D955. doi:10.1093/nar/gkz950. PMC 7145640. PMID 31667505.
  6. ^ "IMGT About Us". Archived from the original on 20 Sep 2022. Retrieved 12 Jan 2023.
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