List of United States foreign interventions since 1945: Difference between revisions

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This is a list of [[United States]] interventions since [[1945]]. The list is incomplete. There is only limited historical context. You can help with checking if any of the alleged actions are true, provide historical context, and add events that are not in the list. Whether the additions should be put in the list directly or have articles that discuss the events is left to the contributor.

==1940s==

* Alleged US support to Portuguese dictator [[Salazar]], [[1930's]] to [[1974]].
* Occupation and rebuilding of [[Japan]] [[1945]]-[[1952]] after [[World War II]], drafting Japan's current democratic constitution.
* Occupation and rebuilding of [[Germany|West Germany]] after World War II. Merged US occupation region with the [[France|French]] and [[United Kingdom|British]] ones to form the Federal Republic of Germany in [[1949]].
* US provides military aid to [[right-wing]] forces battling [[communist]] insurgents in [[Greece]] in [[1947]].
* [[CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] involvement in Italian elections, involving [[propaganda]] and the alleged buying of votes, in order to prevent the [[Communist Party of Italy]] coming to power, in [[1948]].
* [[Marshall Plan]] [[1948]]-[[1951]]

==1950s==

* Largest contributor in UN-led [[Korean War]] from [[1950]] until [[1953]].
* US (CIA) and [[United Kingdom|UK]] ([[Secret_Intelligence_Service|MI-6]]) overthrow Prime Minister [[Mohammed Mossadegh]] of [[Iran]] ([[Operation Ajax]]) - [[1953]].
* CIA-orchestrated overthrow of [[Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán]] in [[Guatemala]] ([[Operation PBSUCCESS]]) - [[1954]].
* US support for [[Ngo Dinh Diem]] of [[Vietnam]] from [[1955]] - [[1963]]. [http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB101/]
* US support for Cuban dictator [[Fulgencio Batista]] until his overthrow in [[1959]].
* Alleged US support to the [[Apartheid]] in [[South Africa]].
* Alleged US-backed establishment of [[François Duvalier]] as dictator of [[Haiti]]. [http://tinyurl.com/yt8xt] [http://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?SectionID=54&ItemID=5046]

==1960s==
==1960s==


* US-backed abortive [[Bay of Pigs Invasion]] of [[Cuba]] in [[1961]].
* US-backed abortive [[Bay of Pigs Invasion]] of [[Cuba]] in [[1961]].
* Alleged CIA assassination of Congo's democratically elected leader, [[Patrice Lumumba]]. [http://www.cooperativeresearch.org/timeline.jsp?timeline=congo]
* Alleged CIA involvement in the [[1961 Canadian election]].
* Alleged CIA involvement in the [[1961 Canadian election]].
* US support of [[Ba'ath Party]] coup in [[Iraq]] in [[1963]]; support for dictator [[Saddam Hussein]] until [[1990]], including during Iran-Iraq war (where chemical weapons were used against Iran). [http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB82/index.htm]
* US support of [[Ba'ath Party]] coup in [[Iraq]] in [[1963]]; support for dictator [[Saddam Hussein]] until [[1990]], including during Iran-Iraq war (where chemical weapons were used against Iran). [http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB82/index.htm]
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* U.S. backs coup of [[South Vietnam]]ese President [[Ngo Dinh Diem]] in [[1963]]. [http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB101/index.htm]
* U.S. backs coup of [[South Vietnam]]ese President [[Ngo Dinh Diem]] in [[1963]]. [http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB101/index.htm]
* CIA-backed overthrow of [[Joao Goulart]] in [[Brazil]] in [[1964]], CIA training for its [[death squads]]. [http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB118/index.htm] [http://www.cooperativeresearch.org/timeline.jsp?timeline=brazil]
* CIA-backed overthrow of [[Joao Goulart]] in [[Brazil]] in [[1964]], CIA training for its [[death squads]]. [http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB118/index.htm] [http://www.cooperativeresearch.org/timeline.jsp?timeline=brazil]
* Alleged CIA-backed overthrow of [[Sukarno]] in [[Indonesia]] in [[1965]], contributing to estimated deaths of one million suspected [[Communists]]. [http://www.namebase.org/scott.html]
* Alleged CIA-backed overthrow of [[Sukarno]] in [[I
* [[Vietnam War]] - ([[1964]]-[[1975]]) - contributing to estimated deaths of three million Vietnamese.
* Bombing campaigns against [[Laos]], with more US bombs dropped than during all of [[World War Two]], from [[1964]] - [[1975]].
* Bombing campaigns against [[Cambodia]]; an estimated 600,000 civilians killed.
* Alleged CIA-backed military coup brings dictator [[Mobutu Sese Seko]] to power in the [[Congo]] in [[1965]].
* Alleged CIA support to military coup against [[Ghana|Ghanese]] leader [[Kwame Nkrumah]] in [[1966]].
* Alleged CIA-backed military coup ushers in [[Regime of the Colonels]] in [[Greece]] in [[1967]].
* American support for Israel in the 1967 [[Six-Day War]] and the [[1982 Lebanon War]].
* Alleged CIA-organised military operation ends in execution of [[Che Guevara]] in [[Bolivia]] in [[1968]].

==1970s==

* Alleged CIA-supported coup against [[Prince Sihanouk]] in [[Cambodia]] in [[1970]].
* Alleged CIA-supported military coup against President [[Juan Torres]] of [[Bolivia]] in [[1971]].
* American support for Pakistan in the [[1971 Indo-Pakistani War]].
* Alleged CIA corruption of the [[1972 Australian election]].
* U.S. support for the [[Chilean coup of 1973]].
* CIA support for [[UNITA]] rebels in [[Angola]], from [[1976]] - [[1984]].
* Alleged corruption of [[1976 Portuguese Election]].
* Alleged corruption of [[1976 Jamaican Election]].
* U.S. backs military rulers of [[El Salvador]] ([[1977]]).
* Alleged support to ousted [[Khmer Rouge]], from [[1979]] - [[1993]]
* Following overthrow of the dictator [[Samosa]] in [[Nicaragua]] by the [[Sandinistas]], the CIA supports the [[Contras]] from [[1979]] - [[1989]]. Nicaragua still has not received the U.S. restitutions for military and paramilitary activities as ruled by the [[International Court of Justice]] and as supported by a [[United Nations General Assembly]] [http://www.un.org/documents/ga/res/41/a41r031.htm resolution]. [http://www.cooperativeresearch.org/timeline.jsp?timeline=nicaragua]
* Alleged American intervention in civil war in [[Yemen]], from [[1979]] - [[1984]].
* [[NAWAPA]] water project. <!-- intervention? -->

==1980s==

* CIA support for death-squads in [[El Salvador]] throughout the [[1980s]]. [http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/nsa/publications/elsalvador2/]
* Training of Nicaraguan Contras and support to repressive regimes in [[Honduras]] during the 1980s.
* Alleged CIA support to [[Gwangju Massacre]] in [[1980]].
* Alleged CIA and South African backing to a coup attempt in the [[Seychelles]] in 1981.
* US invasion of [[Grenada]], overthrow of Marxist government ([[Operation Urgent Fury]]) - [[1983]].
* US support to coup against [[Timoci Bavrada]], democratically elected Prime Minister of [[Fiji]] in [[1987]].
* US invasion of [[Panama]], overthrow of [[Manuel Noriega]] ([[Operation Just Cause]]) - [[1989]].

==1990s==

* UN-led [[Gulf War]] following Iraqi invasion of [[Kuwait]] ([[1991]]).
* US support for UN-led sanctions against [[Iraq]], resulting in the estimated deaths of over one million civilians, from [[1990]] to [[2003]].
* The [[Helms-Burton Law]] against Cuba.
* US [[Battle of Mogadishu|intervention in Somalia]] to assist UN food aid delivery. [[1993]]
* NATO bombing of Bosnian Serbs. Led to the end of the Bosnian Civil War. [[1995]]
* US-led bombing campaign, called [[Operation Desert Fox]], against Iraq in enforcement of the UN designated No-Fly zones created to protect Kurds and Marsh Arabs. [[1998]]
* US bombing of [[Afghanistan]] in [[1998]].
* US bombing of the [[Al-Shifa pharmaceutical factory]] in [[Sudan]] - in [[1998]]. <!-- Bad mistake, but officially it was targeted due to potential for WMD production. -->
* NATO's bombing of [[Serbia]] in the [[Kosovo Conflict]]. Officially aimed at preventing ethnic cleansing of Albanians. [[1999]]

==2000s==

* UN-supported [[US invasion of Afghanistan]], overthrow of [[Taliban]] in [[2001]].
* [[2003 invasion of Iraq|US Invasion of Iraq]], overthrow of [[Saddam Hussein]] - [[2003]]

<!-- Foreign intervention?? (See title) * The [[1988]] [[Canadian-American Free Trade Agreement]] * American support for the [[FTAA]]. -->
<!-- * [[United Nations]] opened in [[New York]]. These aren't really interventions either. -->

As well as these military interventions the United States also pursued and gained economic controls over many developing states. Some claim that the [[International Monetary Fund]] and [[World Bank]] assisted American foreign policy in this area. (If correct, this would also require implicit co-operation of other countries, as the US has only 18% of the IMF's voting rights. [http://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/memdir/members.htm])


<!-- [[Turkey]] is not that repressive now -->
<!-- [[Myanmar]] is under US sanctions - how is that support?? -->

See also: [[Military history of the United States]], [[History of United States imperialism]], [[List of Soviet actions since 1945 that have been considered imperialistic]]

==External links==
*[http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/audiofiles.html#chomsky1 A Hemisphere of Our Own: U.S. Foreign Policy in Central America] - 2 Hours Talk Given by [[Noam Chomsky]] at [[UC Berkeley]] in [[1984]] - [[RealAudio]] format.
*[http://globetrotter.berkeley.edu/people4/CJohnson/cjohnson-con0.html Conversations with History: Militarism and the American Empire] - With [[Chalmers Johnson]], President of the Japan Policy Research Institute - [[RealVideo]] format.
*[http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm Instances of Use of United States Forces Abroad, 1798-1993] by Ellen C. Collier, Specialist in U.S. Foreign Policy, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division
*[http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~vanhornfamily/military.htm United States Military Campaigns, Conflicts, Expeditions and Wars] Compiled by Larry Van Horn, U.S. Navy Retired
* [http://www.whatreallyhappened.com/usinterventionism.html Basic Statistics for United States Imperialism]
*[http://www.zompist.com/latam.html US interventions in Latin America]
*[http://articles.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1374/is_4_62/ai_89431082 When foreign intervention is justified: Women under the Taliban]


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Revision as of 10:29, 10 July 2004

1960s

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