Operation Red Hat: Difference between revisions
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==Operation== |
==Operation== |
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Once Operation Red Hat commenced in 1971, the [[United States Army|Army]] leased {{convert|41|acre|m2}} on Johnston. Phase I of the operation took place in January and moved 150 tons of [[mustard gas|mustard agent]] munitions. Phase II moved the remainder of the chemical munitions, about 12,500 tons, in September. The [[USS Grapple (ARS-7)|USS Grapple]], under the command of a Captain Pilcher, was part of Operation Red Hat. |
Once Operation Red Hat commenced in 1971, the [[United States Army|Army]] leased {{convert|41|acre|m2}} on Johnston. Phase I of the operation took place in January and moved 150 tons of [[mustard gas|mustard agent]] munitions. Phase II moved the remainder of the chemical munitions, about 12,500 tons, in September. The [[USS Grapple (ARS-7)|USS Grapple]], under the command of a Captain Pilcher, was part of Operation Red Hat. |
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Units operating under USARYIS; 2nd Logistical Command were; the 267th Chemical Company, 196 Ordnance Detachment (EOD) and the 5th Ordnance Detachment (EOD). Most of the operation took place at night, to avoid observation of the operation by the Okinawians, who resented the presence of chemical munitions on the island. |
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[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/red_hat.htm GlobalSecurity.org: Operation Red Hat]</ref> Originally, it was planned that the munitions be moved to [[Umatilla Chemical Depot]] but this never happened due to public opposition and political pressure.{{Fact|date=January 2009}} Instead, all munitions on Johnston island were destroyed by the first full-scale demilitarization plant built since the signing of the OPCW treaty by the United States. In addition [[United States Congress|Congress]] passed legislation (PL 91-672) that prohibited the transfer of [[nerve agent]], [[mustard gas|mustard agent]], [[agent orange]] and other chemical munitions to all 50 U.S. states.<ref>Suzanne Marshall PhD: "Chemical Weapons Disposal and Environmental Justice", Kentucky Environmental Foundation, November, 1996 (funded by [[Educational Foundation of America]])</ref>{{when}} |
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==Accident== |
==Accident== |
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Revision as of 17:38, 26 March 2009
Operation Red Hat was a U.S. military action taking place in 1971, which involved the movement of chemical warfare munitions from Okinawa, Japan to Johnston Atoll in the North Pacific Ocean.
Operation
Once Operation Red Hat commenced in 1971, the Army leased 41 acres (170,000 m2) on Johnston. Phase I of the operation took place in January and moved 150 tons of mustard agent munitions. Phase II moved the remainder of the chemical munitions, about 12,500 tons, in September. The USS Grapple, under the command of a Captain Pilcher, was part of Operation Red Hat.
Units operating under USARYIS; 2nd Logistical Command were; the 267th Chemical Company, 196 Ordnance Detachment (EOD) and the 5th Ordnance Detachment (EOD). Most of the operation took place at night, to avoid observation of the operation by the Okinawians, who resented the presence of chemical munitions on the island.
GlobalSecurity.org: Operation Red Hat</ref> Originally, it was planned that the munitions be moved to Umatilla Chemical Depot but this never happened due to public opposition and political pressure.[citation needed] Instead, all munitions on Johnston island were destroyed by the first full-scale demilitarization plant built since the signing of the OPCW treaty by the United States. In addition Congress passed legislation (PL 91-672) that prohibited the transfer of nerve agent, mustard agent, agent orange and other chemical munitions to all 50 U.S. states.[1][when?]
Accident
In 1969, 23 U.S. servicemen and one U.S. civilian stationed in Okinawa, Japan, were exposed to low levels of the nerve agent sarin while repainting the military depot buildings.[citation needed] The weapons had been kept secret from Japan, sparking a furor in that country, an international incident and the creation of Operation Red Hat.[citation needed]
See also
References
- ^ Suzanne Marshall PhD: "Chemical Weapons Disposal and Environmental Justice", Kentucky Environmental Foundation, November, 1996 (funded by Educational Foundation of America)
External links
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