Pulosari (volcano): Difference between revisions

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Moved source into current citation format and fixed details to match source. →‎History: Added info w/ refs. →‎Flora: Added info w/ refs. I was unable to use the translated text from the id article as the copy of the source I found did not verify what pertains to the mountain itself. There are other pages linked that are associated, so I will see if I can incorporate those once I've sourced them.
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{{Short description|Volcano at the western end of Java}}
{{Short description|Volcano at the western end of Java}}
{{Infobox mountain
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Pulosari
| name = Mount Pulosari
| photo = Gunung-pulosari-1.jpg
| photo = Gunung-pulosari-1.jpg
| photo_caption =
| photo_caption =
| elevation_m = 1324
| elevation_m = 1324
| elevation_ref =
| elevation_ref = <ref name=SIGVP/>
| prominence =
| prominence =
| location = [[Java (island)|Java]], [[Indonesia]]
| location = {{hlist|[[Banten]]{{sfn|Kaur|Isa|2020|p=179}}|[[Pandeglang Regency]]}}
| region = [[West Java]]<ref name=SIGVP/>
| country = [[Indonesia]]<ref name=SIGVP/>
| range =
| range =
| coordinates = {{coord|6.342|S|105.975|E|type:mountain}}
| coordinates = {{coord|6.343|S|105.978|E|type:mountain}}
⚫
| coordinates_ref = <ref name=SIGVP>{{cite gvp|name=Pulosari|vn=263010|access-date=2024-04-26}}</ref>
| map = Indonesia Java#Indonesia
| map = Indonesia Java#Indonesia
| map_caption =
| map_caption = Mount Pulosari (Java Island)
| map_size =
| map_size =
| label_position = bottom
| label_position = bottom
| topo =
| topo =
| type = [[Stratovolcano]]
| type = [[Stratovolcano]]<ref name=SIGVP/>
| age = [[Pleistocene]]<ref name=SIGVP/>
| age =
| last_eruption = Unknown
| last_eruption = Unknown<ref name=SIGVP/>
| first_ascent =
| first_ascent =
| easiest_route =
| easiest_route =
}}
}}


'''Pulosari''' is a [[volcano]] at the western end of [[Java (island)|Java]], in [[Indonesia]]. Although no historic eruptions have been recorded, {{Clarify|date=December 2018}} there are active [[solfatara]]s on its {{convert|300|m|adj=on}} deep caldera wall.
'''Mount Pulosari''' is a [[stratovolcano]]<ref name=SIGVP/> in [[Pandeglang Regency]], [[Banten]],{{sfn|Kaur|Isa|2020|p=179}} in [[West Java]] [[Indonesia]]. There are active [[solfatara]]s on its {{convert|300|m|adj=on}} deep [[caldera]] wall.<ref name=SIGVP/>

==History==
During the [[10th century]], a [[Hindu temple]] was built on the highland of the mountain,{{sfn|Kaur|Isa|2020|p=179}} under the [[Sunda Kingdom]].<ref name=BN2018>{{cite web |date=2018-11-13 |title=Gunung Pulosari dan Proses Islamisasi di Banten |trans-title=Mount Pulosari and the Islamization Process in Banten |url=https://www.bantennews.co.id/gunung-pulosari-dan-proses-islamisasi-di-banten/ |website=Banten News |access-date=2024-04-26 |language=id}}</ref> Five statues that share a single base depict Shiva Mahadewa, [[Durga]], [[Batara Guru]], [[Ganesha]] and [[Brahma]]; these are known as "Caringin" statues.<ref name=BN2018/>

800 priests are said to have lived on the mountain under the leadership of Prabu Pucuk Umun during the era of [[Sunan Gunungjati]] and [[Maulana Hasanuddin of Banten]] in the [[16th century]].<ref name=BN2018/> Hasanuddin lived there for almost a decade, and many converted to [[Islam]].<ref name=BN2018/> Those who did not left for the southern mountainous areas.<ref name=BN2018/>

The stratovolcano has also been known by the name Pulasari.{{sfn|Simkin|1981|p=197}}

==Flora==
Some ''[[Dissochaeta]]'' plants are known to grow from Mount Pulosari to [[Mount Slamet]] in [[Banyumas Regency]].{{sfn|Kartonegoro|Veldkamp|2010|p=126-127}} Specific species include ''D. inappendiculata''{{sfn|Kartonegoro|Veldkamp|Hovenkamp|van Welzen|2018|pp=97-100}} and ''D. gracilis''.{{sfn|Kartonegoro|Veldkamp|Hovenkamp|van Welzen|2018|pp=87-91}}


== See also ==
== See also ==
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== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
⚫
* {{cite gvp|name=Pulosari|vn=263010|access-date=2021-06-24}}

===Bibliography===
* {{cite journal |last1=Kartonegoro |first1=Abdulrokhman |last2=Veldkamp |first2=Jan Frits |date=2010-11-02 |title=Revision of Dissochaeta (Melastomataceae) in Java, Indonesia |journal=Reinwardtia |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=125-145|s2cid=220884266}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Kartonegoro |first1=Abdulrokhman |last2=Veldkamp |first2=Jan Frits |last3=Hovenkamp |first3=Peter |last4=van Welzen |first4=Peter |date=2018-08-19 |title=A revision of Dissochaeta (Melastomataceae, Dissochaeteae) |journal=PhytoKeys |volume=107 |pages=1-178 |doi=10.3897/phytokeys.107.26548 |doi-access=free |s2cid=52883898}}
* {{cite book |last1=Kaur |first1=Maganjeet |last2=Isa |first2=Mariana |date=2020-02-15 |title=Between the Bay of Bengal and the Java Sea: Trade Routes, Ancient Ports & Cultural Commonalities in Southeast Asia |publisher=[[Marshall Cavendish]] |location=Singapore |isbn=9789814893008 |id=OCN 1134403725}}
* {{cite book |last=Simkin |first=Tom |date=1981 |title=Volcanoes of the World: A Regional Directory, Gazetteer, and Chronology of Volcanism During the Last 10,000 Years |publisher=[[Van Nostrand Reinhold]] |isbn=978-0879334086}}


[[Category:Mountains of Banten]]
[[Category:Mountains of Banten]]

Revision as of 18:30, 26 April 2024

Mount Pulosari
Highest point
Elevation1,324 m (4,344 ft)[1]
Coordinates6°20′35″S 105°58′41″E / 6.343°S 105.978°E / -6.343; 105.978[1]
Geography
Mount Pulosari is located in Java
Mount Pulosari
Mount Pulosari
Mount Pulosari (Java Island)
Mount Pulosari is located in Indonesia
Mount Pulosari
Mount Pulosari
Mount Pulosari (Indonesia)
Location
CountryIndonesia[1]
RegionWest Java[1]
Geology
Age of rockPleistocene[1]
Mountain typeStratovolcano[1]
Last eruptionUnknown[1]

Mount Pulosari is a stratovolcano[1] in Pandeglang Regency, Banten,[2] in West Java Indonesia. There are active solfataras on its 300-metre (980 ft) deep caldera wall.[1]

History

During the 10th century, a Hindu temple was built on the highland of the mountain,[2] under the Sunda Kingdom.[3] Five statues that share a single base depict Shiva Mahadewa, Durga, Batara Guru, Ganesha and Brahma; these are known as "Caringin" statues.[3]

800 priests are said to have lived on the mountain under the leadership of Prabu Pucuk Umun during the era of Sunan Gunungjati and Maulana Hasanuddin of Banten in the 16th century.[3] Hasanuddin lived there for almost a decade, and many converted to Islam.[3] Those who did not left for the southern mountainous areas.[3]

The stratovolcano has also been known by the name Pulasari.[4]

Flora

Some Dissochaeta plants are known to grow from Mount Pulosari to Mount Slamet in Banyumas Regency.[5] Specific species include D. inappendiculata[6] and D. gracilis.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Pulosari". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2024-04-26.
  2. ^ a b c Kaur & Isa 2020, p. 179.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Gunung Pulosari dan Proses Islamisasi di Banten" [Mount Pulosari and the Islamization Process in Banten]. Banten News (in Indonesian). 2018-11-13. Retrieved 2024-04-26.
  4. ^ Simkin 1981, p. 197.
  5. ^ Kartonegoro & Veldkamp 2010, p. 126-127.
  6. ^ Kartonegoro et al. 2018, pp. 97–100.
  7. ^ Kartonegoro et al. 2018, pp. 87–91.

Bibliography

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