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===Death and legacy===
===Death and legacy===
[[File:Sir Charles Asgill, 2nd Baronet coat of arms.jpg|thumb|Coat of arms of Sir Charles Asgill, 2nd Baronet<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JdZAAQAAMAAJ&lpg=PP243&dq=charles%20asgill%2C%202nd%20baronet%2C%20coat%20of%20arms&pg=PP243#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Universal Historical Dictionary: Or, Explanation of the Names of Persons and Places in the Departments of Biblical, Political, and Ecclesiastical History, Mythology, Heraldry, Biography, Bibliography, Geography, and Numismatics|first=George|last=Crabb|location=London|publisher=Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy|year=1825|pages=ASH-ASH}}</ref>]] Motto: Regardless of his own interest
[[File:Sir Charles Asgill, 2nd Baronet coat of arms.jpg|thumb|Coat of arms of Sir Charles Asgill, 2nd Baronet (motto: regardless of his own interest)<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JdZAAQAAMAAJ&lpg=PP243&dq=charles%20asgill%2C%202nd%20baronet%2C%20coat%20of%20arms&pg=PP243#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Universal Historical Dictionary: Or, Explanation of the Names of Persons and Places in the Departments of Biblical, Political, and Ecclesiastical History, Mythology, Heraldry, Biography, Bibliography, Geography, and Numismatics|first=George|last=Crabb|location=London|publisher=Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy|year=1825|pages=ASH-ASH}}</ref>]]
Charles Asgill died in London, where he had lived at 7 York Street <ref>{{cite web|url=http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/rd/162ef5fe-7a1f-428d-80c0-b982b3a8636b |title=Insured: Sir Charles Asgill 7 York Street St. James's Bart &#124; The National Archives |publisher=Discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk |date= |accessdate=2017-10-06}}</ref> (which became 6 York Street circa 1820). He was buried in the vault at [[St James's Church, Piccadilly]] on 1 August 1823. His wife, Sophia Asgill, predeceased him in 1819 and she too was buried in the vault at St. James's. Upon his death, the [[Asgill Baronetcy]] became extinct. Most biographies claim he died without issue (excepting ''A New Biographical Dictionary of 3000 Cotemporary (sic) Public Characters'', Second Edition, Vol I, Part I, printed for Geo. B. Whittacker, Ave-Maria Lane, 1825, which states Sophia bore him children).<ref>''A New Biographical Dictionary of 3000 Cotemporary (sic) Public Characters'', Second Edition, Vol I, Part I, printed for Geo. B. Whittacker, Ave-Maria Lane, 1825</ref>
Charles Asgill died in London, where he had lived at 7 York Street <ref>{{cite web|url=http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/rd/162ef5fe-7a1f-428d-80c0-b982b3a8636b |title=Insured: Sir Charles Asgill 7 York Street St. James's Bart &#124; The National Archives |publisher=Discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk |date= |accessdate=2017-10-06}}</ref> (which became 6 York Street circa 1820). He was buried in the vault at [[St James's Church, Piccadilly]] on 1 August 1823. His wife, Sophia Asgill, predeceased him in 1819 and she too was buried in the vault at St. James's. Upon his death, the [[Asgill Baronetcy]] became extinct. Most biographies claim he died without issue (excepting ''A New Biographical Dictionary of 3000 Cotemporary (sic) Public Characters'', Second Edition, Vol I, Part I, printed for Geo. B. Whittacker, Ave-Maria Lane, 1825, which states Sophia bore him children).<ref>''A New Biographical Dictionary of 3000 Cotemporary (sic) Public Characters'', Second Edition, Vol I, Part I, printed for Geo. B. Whittacker, Ave-Maria Lane, 1825</ref>


Revision as of 18:54, 21 September 2019

Sir Charles Asgill, Bt
Born(1762-04-06)6 April 1762
London, England
Died23 July 1823(1823-07-23) (aged 61)
London, England
Alma materWestminster School
Universität Göttingen
OccupationGeneral
TitleBaronet
Political partyWhig
SpouseJemima Sophia Ogle
RelativesSir Charles Asgill, 1st Baronet [1] and Sarah Theresa Pratviel. John Asgill, 1659–1738, (known as "Translated" Asgill) was a relative, both being descendants of Joshua Asgyll MA, DD
Signature

Sir Charles Asgill, 2nd Baronet GCH (6 April 1762 – 23 July 1823) was a career soldier in the British Army. Asgill enjoyed a long military career, eventually rising to the rank of general. He is best remembered as the principal of the so-called "Asgill Affair" of 1782, in which his retaliatory execution while a prisoner of war was commuted by the American forces which held him due to the direct intervention of the government of France.

Biography

Early life and education

Charles Asgill was born in London on 6 April 1762, the only son of one-time Lord Mayor of London Sir Charles Asgill and Sarah Theresa Pratviel, whose home was Richmond Place, now known as Asgill House in Surrey.[2] He was educated at Westminster School and the University of Göttingen.[3]

He entered the army on 27 February 1778, just prior to his 16th birthday, as an ensign in the 1st Foot Guards, a regiment today known as the Grenadier Guards.[4] Asgill was promoted to the rank of captain while just 18 years old, receiving his commission on 3 February 1781.[4]

Shortly after, Asgill was ordered to North America to fight in the American Revolutionary War. He shipped out for America in March 1781. After Asgill joined Cornwallis’ army, his company commander fell ill. The young lieutenant and captain took charge of the unit and led it in a successful attack on a post held by local militia under an elderly colonel named Gregory. Colonel Gregory was wounded and captured, and Asgill won the admiration of his enemies for his kindness toward a fallen foe. As the Hibernian Magazine reported in 1782, the gallant Guardsman “supported [the stricken Gregory] himself, with an awful and tender respect most filial, evincing the true greatness of his amiable mind.”[5]

Captain Asgill fought under General Charles Cornwallis, but became an American prisoner of war following the capitulation of Lord Cornwallis following the siege of Yorktown, Virginia, in October 1781.[4]

"The Asgill Affair"

In April 1782, a captain of the Monmouth Militia and privateer named Joshua Huddy was overwhelmed and captured by Loyalist forces at the blockhouse (small fort) he commanded at the village of Toms River, New Jersey. Huddy was accused of complicity in the death of a Loyalist farmer named Philip White who had died in Patriot custody. Huddy was conveyed to New York City, then under British control, where he was summarily sentenced to be executed by William Franklin, the Loyalist son of Benjamin Franklin.[6]

Huddy was held in leg irons aboard a prison ship until 12 April 1782, when he was taken ashore and hanged, after first being allowed to dictate his last will. Loyalists pinned a note to his chest reading "Up Goes Huddy for Philip White" and his body was left hanging overnight. Following his burial by Patriotic supporters, a petition was collected demanding retribution for Huddy's death and presented to American commander General George Washington.[6]

Washington responded to this pressure by declaring that a British captain would be executed in retaliation for the killing of Huddy. On 26 May 1782, lots were drawn, with Asgill drawing the paper which put him under threat of execution.[6] Asgill's fellow officer, Major James Gordon, protested in the strongest terms to both General Washington and to Benjamin Lincoln, the Secretary of War that the use of a lottery was illegal.[7] His mother, the doughty Sarah Asgill (of French Huguenot origin), wrote to the French court,[8] pleading for her son's life to be spared. King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette ordered the Comte de Vergennes, the Foreign Minister, to convey to General Washington their desire that a young life be spared.[6]

Since Asgill was protected by the 14th Article of Capitulation in the document of Cornwallis' surrender, safeguarding prisoners of war, such an unjustified execution would have reflected badly on the newly emerging independent nation of America. Congress agreed and young Asgill was released on parole to return to England in December 1782. A year later, together with his mother (who had been too ill to travel sooner) and sisters, he went to France to thank the King and Queen for saving his life. The visit commenced on 3 November 1783. Asgill writes about this experience in his Service Records, wherein he states, "The unfortunate Lot fell on me and I was in consequence conveyed to the Jerseys where I remained in Prison enduring peculiar Hardships for Six Months until released by an Act of Congress at the intercession of the Court of France."[9]

Following Asgill's return to England, lurid accounts of his experiences whilst a prisoner began to emerge in the coffee houses and press. French plays were also written, trivialising his plight to the point of reducing it to a soap opera. Washington became increasingly angry that the young man did not deny these rumours, and nor did he write to thank Washington for his release on parole. Speculation mounted as to his reasons and eventually Washington could take no more of it and ordered that his correspondence on the Asgill Affair be made public. His letters on the matter were printed in the New-Haven Gazette, and the Connecticut Magazine.[10]

It was five weeks before Charles Asgill was able to obtain a copy and sit down to read the account of his experiences, as recorded by George Washington. He wrote an impassioned response by return of post. His letter was sent to the editor of the New-Haven Gazette and the Connecticut Magazine, dated 20 December 1786.[11]

Asgill's 18-page letter of 20 December 1786, including claims that he was treated like a circus animal, with drunken revellers paying good money to enter his cell and taunt or beat him, was never published. Supposedly left for dead after one such attack, he was subsequently permitted to keep a Newfoundland dog to protect himself.[12]

I leave for the public to decide how far the treatment I have related deserved acknowledgements – the motives of my silence were shortly these. The state of my mind at the time of my release was such that my judgement told me I could not with sincerity return thanks [and] my feelings would not allow me to give vent to reproaches.[9]

These claims were recorded in The Reading Mercury (a British local newspaper) on 30 December 1782, pointing out that Asgill (newly returned home following imprisonment in America) was at the levee for the first time since his arrival in town. This newspaper recorded, also, that Asgill's legs were still damaged from the use of leg irons.[13]

Subsequent career

Cornwallis's surrender in October 1781 following the siege of Yorktown, after which Asgill became an American prisoner of war.

Asgill was appointed Equerry to Frederick, Duke of York in 1788. In that same year, he inherited the Asgill Baronetcy upon the death of his father. In August 1790, he married Jemima Sophia Ogle.[14]

Asgill was sent to continental Europe and joined the Army under the command of The Duke of York in 1794–1795, served in the Flanders Campaign against revolutionary France.[14]

In June 1797, he was promoted brigadier general in the 1st Foot Guards and was appointed to the Staff of Ireland. In his Service Records, he states he "was very actively employed against the Rebels during the Rebellion in 1798 and received the repeated thanks of the Commander of the Forces and the Government for my Conduct and Service." General Sir Charles Asgill marched from Kilkenny and attacked and dispersed the rebels. The Irish song "Sliabh na mban" remembers this.[15]

Asgill was presented with a silver hot water urn by the people of Clonmel in appreciation of his part in the uprising. The inscription on the urn reads: "PRESENTED by the Inhabitants of the Town and Neighbourhood of CLONMEL to MAJr. GENl. SIR CHAs ASGILL BARt. in token of their great regard for His unremitting exertions as General Commanding in the district in defeating the Schemes of the Seditious and Protecting the loyal Inhabitants. CLONMEL MDCCCI".[16] The city of Kilkenny presented Asgill with a snuff box for his energy and exertion which was praised by the Loyalists.[17]

Asgill was appointed Colonel of the 2nd Battalion 46th Regiment of Foot (South Devonshire Regiment) on 9 May 1800. In 1802, the 2nd Battalion 46th Regiment of Foot was disbanded and Sir Charles went onto half-pay as the colonel of a disbanded battalion. Promoted to lieutenant general in January 1805, he was appointed Colonel of the 5th West India Regiment on 10 February 1806; Colonel of the 85th Regiment of Foot on 30 October 1806 and Colonel of the 11th Regiment of Foot on 25 February 1807. He was promoted to full general on 4 June 1814.[18]

Death and legacy

Coat of arms of Sir Charles Asgill, 2nd Baronet (motto: regardless of his own interest)[19]

Charles Asgill died in London, where he had lived at 7 York Street [20] (which became 6 York Street circa 1820). He was buried in the vault at St James's Church, Piccadilly on 1 August 1823. His wife, Sophia Asgill, predeceased him in 1819 and she too was buried in the vault at St. James's. Upon his death, the Asgill Baronetcy became extinct. Most biographies claim he died without issue (excepting A New Biographical Dictionary of 3000 Cotemporary (sic) Public Characters, Second Edition, Vol I, Part I, printed for Geo. B. Whittacker, Ave-Maria Lane, 1825, which states Sophia bore him children).[21]

St. James's Church was damaged in the Blitz of London on 14 October 1940.[22] After the Second World War ended, specialist contractors, Rattee and Kett, of Cambridge, under the supervision of Messrs. W. F. Heslop and F. Brigmore, undertook restoration work which was completed in 1954.[23]

In his book, "Voice of rebellion : Carlow 1798 : the autobiography of William Farrell", the author gives a detailed account of how it came to pass that Lady Asgill was instrumental in saving his life. She had persuaded her husband, General Sir Charles Asgill, in Command of the Dublin Garrison at the time, that since a Lady (Queen Marie Antoinette of France) had saved his life, that he must, therefore, save the life of William Farrell who faced the gallows on account of his part in the Irish Uprising of 1798. Farrell was thus spared the gallows but was deported for seven years. Asgill's story seems to have gone full circle as a consequence.[24]

Images

Depictions of Asgill include:

  • The Thomas Phillips RA portrait of Charles Asgill, painted in 1822 and exhibited at the Royal Academy of Arts London that year, is listed in the National Portrait Gallery, London catalogue for the 1822 exhibition, and is recorded as: 107 Portrait of Gen. Sir Charles Asgill, Bart. G.C.G.O. T Phillips. R.A. The current whereabouts of this portrait is unknown. Asgill bequeathed it to his brother-in-law Sir Charles Ogle, 2nd Baronet for his family, in perpetuity.[25] After Asgill’s death Ogle wrote to the artist to ask if he could take possession and whether he was still due payment.[26]

Sir Charles Ogle requests Mr Philips will have the goodness to deliver the picture of the late Sir Charles Asgill to the bearer Mr Goslett - If Mr Philips has any demand on Sir Charles Asgill, he is requested to send it to Mr Domville, No. 6 Lincolns Inn. 42 Berkeley Sq, Oct 23 1823.

At the time of his death Ogle disinherited his eldest son, Chaloner, 1803-1859 (who died less than a year after his father), so it is not known whether the portrait did remain in the Ogle family as Asgill had requested.[27]
  • Charles Asgill as a Captain in the First Foot Guards held at the Library of Congress [28]
  • General Sir Charles Asgill. Mezzotint by Charles Turner, 1822 (c), after Thomas Phillips held at the National Army Museum, London[29]
  • Sadler’s cartoon image of Uniform of British Army in 1820. Four military officers in different regimental uniforms. Inscribed in ink above their heads are their names or rank: Col. Perry 16th Lancers; A Regimental Doctor 70th Reg. The 70th called the "Black Dogs"; An officer of the Green Horse, 5th Dragoon; Sir Charles Asgill - Col. of the 11th. [30]

The Asgill Affair in drama

  • J.S. le Barbier-le-Jeune, Asgill.: Drama in five acts, prose, dedicated to Lady Asgill, published in London and Paris, 1785. The author shows Washington plagued by the cruel need for reprisal that his duty requires. Washington even takes Asgill in his arms and they embrace with enthusiasm. Lady Asgill was very impressed by the play, and, indeed, Washington himself wrote to thank the author for writing such a complimentary piece, although confessed that his French was not up to being able to read it. A copy of this play is available on the Gallicia website.[31]
  • Gallicia listing of 78 references to Charles Asgill in French Literature[32]

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ "- Person Page 12573". thepeerage.com. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  2. ^ Historic England. "Asgill House (1180412)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
  3. ^ "Perfidious America". The Economist. 20 December 2014. pp. 64–66. Retrieved 3 September 2019.
  4. ^ a b c Augustus Samuel Bolton (1885). "Asgill, Charles" . In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 2. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 159.
  5. ^ Lamb, Roger (9 September 1809). "An Original and Authentic Journal of Occurrences During the Late American War: From Its Commencement to the Year 1783". Wilkinson & Courtney – via Google Books.
  6. ^ a b c d "General Washington's terrible dilemma". Massachusetts Historical Society. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
  7. ^ Damon, Allan L. (1 February 1970). ""A Melancholy Case"". American Heritage. Retrieved 14 September 2019.
  8. ^ "Lady asgill to count de vergennes". freefictionbooks.org. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  9. ^ a b Anne Ammundsen, "Saving Captain Asgill," History Today, vol. 61, no. 12 (December 2011).
  10. ^ (Vol. I.) Thursday, 16 November, 1786 (No. 40.) NEW GAVEN GAZETTE. "The Conduct of GENERAL WASHINGTON, respecting the Confinement of Capt. Asgill, placed in its true Point of Light."
  11. ^ Connecticut Magazine, dated 20 December 1786.
  12. ^ "Kidd's Own Journal - William Kidd - Google Books". Books.google.com. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
  13. ^ "Home | Search the archive | British Newspaper Archive". britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  14. ^ a b "Sir Charles Asgill, 2nd Baronet". The Peerage.com. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
  15. ^ "Sliabh na mban - Slievenamon". irishpage.com. 2007. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  16. ^ "Lot 174: George III Silver Presentation Hot Water Urn William Burwash & Richard Sibley, London, 1807". 25 February 2006. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
  17. ^ "Adams". Adams.ie. Retrieved 9 September 2019.
  18. ^ Hayden, Joseph (1851). "General of the Army". The Book of Dignities: Containing Lists of the Official Personages of the British Empire ... from the Earliest Periods to the Present Time ... Together with the Sovereigns and Rulers of Europe, from the Foundation of Their Respective States; the Peerage of England and Great Britain ... Longmans, Brown, Green, and Longmans. p. 321. OCLC 315391171. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  19. ^ Crabb, George (1825). Universal Historical Dictionary: Or, Explanation of the Names of Persons and Places in the Departments of Biblical, Political, and Ecclesiastical History, Mythology, Heraldry, Biography, Bibliography, Geography, and Numismatics. London: Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy. pp. ASH–ASH.
  20. ^ "Insured: Sir Charles Asgill 7 York Street St. James's Bart | The National Archives". Discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
  21. ^ A New Biographical Dictionary of 3000 Cotemporary (sic) Public Characters, Second Edition, Vol I, Part I, printed for Geo. B. Whittacker, Ave-Maria Lane, 1825
  22. ^ "St. James's Church, Piccadilly | Survey of London: volumes 29 and 30 (pp. 31-55)". british-history.ac.uk. 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  23. ^ "Building History A - St James's Church Piccadilly London". Sjp.org.uk. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
  24. ^ Stacks. "Voice of rebellion : Carlow 1798 : the autobiography of William Farrell in SearchWorks catalog". Searchworks.stanford.edu. Retrieved 10 September 2018.
  25. ^ "Catalogue description: Will of Sir Charles Asgill of York Street Saint James's Square in the City of..." 9 August 1823 – via National Archive of the UK.
  26. ^ Ogle, Charles; Phillips, Thomas. "Berkeley Sq., to Mr. Philips [sic]" – via corsair.themorgan.org Library Catalog.
  27. ^ {{Cite web|url=https://probatesearch.service.gov.uk/Calendar?surname=Ogle&yearOfDeath=1858&page=7#calendar%7Ctitle=Find a will | GOV.UK|website=probatesearch.service.gov.uk}}
  28. ^ "Captain Asgill". Library of Congress. Retrieved 3 September 2019.
  29. ^ "Online Collection | National Army Museum, London". collection.nam.ac.uk. Retrieved 5 September 2019.
  30. ^ "Holdings: Uniform of British Army in 1820". Catalogue.nli.ie. Retrieved 2 September 2019.
  31. ^ "Asgill , drame, en cinq actes, en prose ; dédié à madame Asgill. Par M. J.-L. Le Barbier, le jeune". gallica.bnf.fr. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  32. ^ "Asgill - 142 results". gallica.bnf.fr. Retrieved 27 August 2015.

Further reading

  • Ammundsen, Anne, (December 2011), Saving Captain Asgill, History Today. Volume 61, Issue 12. (Mentions the missing letter sent by Asgill on 20 December 1786).
  • Aspinall-Oglander, Cecil Faber, (1956) Freshly Remembered: The story of Thomas Graham, Lord Lynedoch. London: Hogarth Press.
  • Belonzi, Joan, (1970) The Asgill Affair. Seton Hall University.
  • Billardon de Sauvigny, Louis-Edme, (1785) Dramatization of the Asgill Affair, thinly reset as Abdir Study of critical biography. Paris.
  • D'Aubigny, Washington or the Orphan of Pennsylvania, melodrama in three acts by one of the authors of The Thieving Magpie, with music and ballet, shown for the first time, at Paris, in the Ambigu-Comique theatre, 13 July 1815.
  • De Comberousse, Benoit Michel (1795) Asgill or the English Prisoner, a drama in five acts and verse. Comberousse, a member of the College of Arts, wrote this play in 1795. The drama, in which Washington’s son plays a ridiculous role, was not performed in any theatre.
  • De Lacoste, Henri (1813) Washington, Or The Reprisal A Factual Drama, a play in three acts, in prose, staged for the first time in Paris at the Théâtre de l’Impératrice, on 5 January 1813. (In this play Asgill falls in love with Betty Penn, the daughter of a Pennsylvanian Quaker, who supports him through his ordeal awaiting death).
  • De Vivetieres, Marsollier (1793) music by Dalayrac, nl:Nicolas-Marie Dalayrac Asgill or The Prisoner of war - one act melodrama and prose, performed at the Opera-Comique for the first time on Thursday, May 2, 1793.
  • Graham, James J., (1862) Memoir of General Graham with notices of the campaigns in which he was engaged from 1779 to 1801, Edinburgh: R&R Clark, pp. 91-92.
  • Haffner, Gerald O., (1957) "Captain Charles Asgill, An Incident of 1782," History Today, vol. 7, no. 5. (Mentions the missing letter sent by Asgill on 20 December 1786).
  • Hoock, Holger, (2017) Scars of Independence: America's Violent Birth. Crown, New York pp. 335-357.
  • Humphreys, David, (1859) The Conduct of General Washington Respecting The Confinement of Capt. Asgill Placed In Its True Point of Light. New York: Printed for the Holland Club.
  • Lamb, Roger, (1809) An Original and Authentic Journal of Occurrences During the Late American War from its commencement to the Year 1783. Dublin: Wilkinson and Courtney. —See especially pp. 416–434.
  • Lambe, John Lawrence, (1911) Experiments in Play Writing, in Verse and Prose. London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, p. 252. (Section entitled An English Gentleman, the story of The Asgill Affair retold, in which Asgill declares his love for Virginia Huddy, Captain Joshua Huddy's daughter).
  • Le Barbier-le-Jeune J.S., (1785) Asgill, drama in five acts, prose, dedicated to Lady Asgill, published in London and Paris.
  • Leveson-Gower, Granville. (1916) Private Correspondence 1781-1821 edited by his Daughter-in-Law Castalia Countess Granville in two volumes
  • Mayer, Charles Joseph, (1784) Asgill, or the Disorder of Civil Wars. Amsterdam and Paris: Rue et Hotel Serpente.
  • Mayo, Katherine, (1938) General Washington's Dilemma London: Jonathan Cape.
  • Melbourne, Lady Elizabeth Milbanke Lamb (1998) Byron's "Corbeau Blanc" The Life and Letters of Lady Melbourne Edited by Jonathan David Gross. p. 412, ISBN 978-0853236337
  • McHugh, Rodger, (1998) Voice of Rebellion: Carlow in 1798 — The Autobiography of William Farrell. Introduction by Patrick Bergin. Dublin: Wolfhound Press.—First published in 1949 as Carlow in '98.
  • Pakenham, Thomas, (1969) The Year of Liberty: The Great Irish Rebellion of 1798. London: Hodder and Stoughton.
  • Pierce, Arthur D., (1960) Smugglers' Woods: Jaunts and Journeys in Colonial and Revolutionary New Jersey. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
  • Shelley, Frances, (1969) The Diary of Frances Lady Shelley 1787-1817. Hodder and Stoughton.
  • Smith, Jayne E, (2007) Vicarious atonement: revolutionary justice and the Asgill case. New Mexico State University.
  • Tombs, Robert and Tombs, Isabelle, (2006) That Sweet Enemy: The British and the French from the Sun King to the Present. London: William Heinemann.
  • Vanderpoel, Ambrose E., (1921) History of Chatham, New Jersey. Charles Francis Press, New York, Chapters 17-20.

External links

Military offices
Preceded by Colonel of the 11th (the North Devonshire) Regiment of Foot
1807–1823 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Colonel of the 85th (Bucks Volunteers) Regiment of Foot
1806–1807 		Succeeded by
Thomas Slaughter Stanwix
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