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==History==
==History==
Specialized started to produce the Stumpjumper in 1981, making it the first mass-production mountain bike.<ref name="Reinventing">{{cite journal|date=1 August 1992|title=Reinventing the wheel|journal=The Economist|volume=324|issue=7770|pages=61–62}}</ref><ref name="Ruibal">{{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/sports/cycling/2006-03-22-cycling-bikes_x.htm|title=Still shredding after all these years|last=Ruibal|first=Sal|date=22 March 2006|work=USA Today|accessdate=2 December 2010}}</ref> The first Stumpjumper was produced in [[Japan]] and was based on a design for a custom-made bike originally marketed by [[Tom Ritchey]], [[Gary Fisher]] and Charles Kelly.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hjSygAamUiMC&pg=PA136#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Framing Production: Technology, Culture, and Change in the British Bicycle Industry|first=Paul|last=Rosen|year=2002|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|publisher=MIT Press|page=136|isbn=0262681706}}</ref> Specialized's founder [[Mike Sinyard]] has explained that the company's aim was to "make a bike on a production basis but as though it was a custom bike". Early Stumpjumpers had welded steel frames because the [[Lugged steel frame construction|lugged and brazed frames]] that designer Tim Neenan wanted to use were not available at the time. The original bike had a modified [[BMX bike|BMX]] [[Stem (bicycle part)|stem]] and [[Bicycle handlebar|handlebars]] based on [[Magura]] motorcycle handlebars.<ref name=Rogers/> The bike was equipped with 15-speed<ref name=Hewitt/> [[Suntour]] ARX GT [[Bicycle gearing|gears]], originally designed for use on [[road bike]]s, and the Stumpjumper also featured [[Mafac]] cantilever [[Bicycle brake systems|brakes]] and a TA Cyclotourist [[Crankset|chainset]], both designed for [[touring bike]]s.<ref name=Rogers/> It had no [[Bicycle suspension|suspension]]. The bike weighed just under {{convert|30|lb|kg}}.<ref name="Ruibal"/>
Specialized started to produce the Stumpjumper in 1981, making it the first mass-production mountain bike.<ref name="Reinventing">{{cite journal|date=1 August 1992|title=Reinventing the wheel|journal=The Economist|volume=324|issue=7770|pages=61–62}}</ref><ref name="Ruibal">{{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/sports/cycling/2006-03-22-cycling-bikes_x.htm|title=Still shredding after all these years|last=Ruibal|first=Sal|date=22 March 2006|work=USA Today|accessdate=2 December 2010}}</ref> The first Stumpjumper was produced in [[Japan]] and was based on a design for a custom-made bike originally marketed by [[Tom Ritchey]], [[Gary Fisher]] and Charles Kelly.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hjSygAamUiMC&pg=PA136#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Framing Production: Technology, Culture, and Change in the British Bicycle Industry|first=Paul|last=Rosen|year=2002|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|publisher=MIT Press|page=136|isbn=0262681706}}</ref> Specialized's founder [[Mike Sinyard]] has explained that the company's aim was to "make a bike on a production basis but as though it was a custom bike". The first Stumpjumpers had welded steel frames because the [[Lugged steel frame construction|lugged and brazed frames]] that designer Tim Neenan wanted to use were not available at the time. The original bike had a modified [[BMX bike|BMX]] [[Stem (bicycle part)|stem]] and [[Bicycle handlebar|handlebars]] based on [[Magura]] motorcycle handlebars.<ref name=Rogers/> The bike was equipped with 15-speed<ref name=Hewitt/> [[Suntour]] ARX GT [[Bicycle gearing|gears]], originally designed for use on [[road bike]]s, and the Stumpjumper also featured [[Mafac]] cantilever [[Bicycle brake systems|brakes]] and a TA Cyclotourist [[Crankset|chainset]], both designed for [[touring bike]]s.<ref name=Rogers/> It had no [[Bicycle suspension|suspension]]. The bike weighed just under {{convert|30|lb|kg}}.<ref name="Ruibal"/>


After the first production run in 1981, around 500 were imported to the [[United States]] over the course of the next year.<ref name=Rogers>{{cite news|url=http://www.bikeradar.com/news/article/interview-specialized-founder-mike-sinyard-28233|title=Interview: Specialized founder Mike Sinyard|last=Rogers|first=Seb|publisher=BikeRadar|date=23 October 2010|accessdate=2 December 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Birth of Dirt: Origins of Mountain Biking|first=Frank J.|last=Berto|year=1999|page=56|isbn=1892495104|location=San Francisco|publisher=Cycling Resources}}</ref> The original Stumpjumper was sold for US$750 as a complete bike or $395 for the frame only.<ref name=Rogers/> Specialized marketed it as an affordable and versatile bike for a new sport, namely mountain biking,<ref name=Rogers/> and used the slogan "The bike for all reasons".<ref name=Wallack>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=3nnhUBCfLXoC&lpg=PA1&pg=PT178#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Bike for Life: How to Ride to 100|first1=Roy M.|last1=Wallack|first2=Bill|last2=Katovsky|year=2005|location=New York|publisher=Marlowe and Company|isbn=1569244510|page=153}}</ref> Initially, bike retailers were sceptical about the Stumpjumper, with some asking Sinyard what he was doing with a "big kids' BMX".<ref name=Wallack/> However, the first shipment of 125 bikes sold out in six days.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=KHQgCROZZjwC&pg=PA14#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Mountain Bike Madness|year=2003|first1=J.P.|last1=Partland|first2=John|last2=Gibson|page=14|location=St. Paul, Minnesota|publisher=MBI Publishing|isbn=0760314403}}</ref> According to sports journalist Ben Hewitt, the Stumpjumper "was a resounding success" and its introduction contributed to the rapid rise in popularity of the new sport.<ref name=Hewitt>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ayST9zLZGtYC&pg=PP5#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Bicycling Magazine's Mountain Biking Skills: Skills and Techniques to Master any Terrain|first=Ben|last=Hewitt|year=2005|page=v|location=Emmaus, Pennsylvania|publisher=Rodale Press|isbn=1594862990}}</ref>
After the first production run in 1981, around 500 were imported to the [[United States]] over the course of the next year.<ref name=Rogers>{{cite news|url=http://www.bikeradar.com/news/article/interview-specialized-founder-mike-sinyard-28233|title=Interview: Specialized founder Mike Sinyard|last=Rogers|first=Seb|publisher=BikeRadar|date=23 October 2010|accessdate=2 December 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Birth of Dirt: Origins of Mountain Biking|first=Frank J.|last=Berto|year=1999|page=56|isbn=1892495104|location=San Francisco|publisher=Cycling Resources}}</ref> The original Stumpjumper was sold for US$750 as a complete bike or $395 for the frame only.<ref name=Rogers/> Specialized marketed it as an affordable and versatile bike for a new sport, namely mountain biking,<ref name=Rogers/> and used the slogan "The bike for all reasons".<ref name=Wallack>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=3nnhUBCfLXoC&lpg=PA1&pg=PT178#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Bike for Life: How to Ride to 100|first1=Roy M.|last1=Wallack|first2=Bill|last2=Katovsky|year=2005|location=New York|publisher=Marlowe and Company|isbn=1569244510|page=153}}</ref> Initially, bike retailers were sceptical about the Stumpjumper, with some asking Sinyard what he was doing with a "big kids' BMX".<ref name=Wallack/> However, the first shipment of 125 bikes sold out in six days.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=KHQgCROZZjwC&pg=PA14#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Mountain Bike Madness|year=2003|first1=J.P.|last1=Partland|first2=John|last2=Gibson|page=14|location=St. Paul, Minnesota|publisher=MBI Publishing|isbn=0760314403}}</ref> According to sports journalist Ben Hewitt, the Stumpjumper "was a resounding success" and its introduction contributed to the rapid rise in popularity of the new sport.<ref name=Hewitt>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ayST9zLZGtYC&pg=PP5#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Bicycling Magazine's Mountain Biking Skills: Skills and Techniques to Master any Terrain|first=Ben|last=Hewitt|year=2005|page=v|location=Emmaus, Pennsylvania|publisher=Rodale Press|isbn=1594862990}}</ref>

Revision as of 20:21, 29 January 2011

A 2008 Specialized Stumpjumper with full suspension

The Specialized Stumpjumper is a mountain bike produced by Specialized Bicycle Components. When it was first produced in 1981, the Stumpjumper was the first mass-production mountain bike. The Stumpjumper is still in production, although its design has changed significantly since it was first sold. Stumpjumpers have been raced professionally by riders including Christoph Sauser and Ned Overend.

History

Specialized started to produce the Stumpjumper in 1981, making it the first mass-production mountain bike.[1][2] The first Stumpjumper was produced in Japan and was based on a design for a custom-made bike originally marketed by Tom Ritchey, Gary Fisher and Charles Kelly.[3] Specialized's founder Mike Sinyard has explained that the company's aim was to "make a bike on a production basis but as though it was a custom bike". The first Stumpjumpers had welded steel frames because the lugged and brazed frames that designer Tim Neenan wanted to use were not available at the time. The original bike had a modified BMX stem and handlebars based on Magura motorcycle handlebars.[4] The bike was equipped with 15-speed[5] Suntour ARX GT gears, originally designed for use on road bikes, and the Stumpjumper also featured Mafac cantilever brakes and a TA Cyclotourist chainset, both designed for touring bikes.[4] It had no suspension. The bike weighed just under 30 pounds (14 kg).[2]

After the first production run in 1981, around 500 were imported to the United States over the course of the next year.[4][6] The original Stumpjumper was sold for US$750 as a complete bike or $395 for the frame only.[4] Specialized marketed it as an affordable and versatile bike for a new sport, namely mountain biking,[4] and used the slogan "The bike for all reasons".[7] Initially, bike retailers were sceptical about the Stumpjumper, with some asking Sinyard what he was doing with a "big kids' BMX".[7] However, the first shipment of 125 bikes sold out in six days.[8] According to sports journalist Ben Hewitt, the Stumpjumper "was a resounding success" and its introduction contributed to the rapid rise in popularity of the new sport.[5]

An original Stumpjumper is displayed in the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.[9][10] A limited edition reproduction of the original Stumpjumper, featuring modern components and named the Stumpjumper Classic, was produced in 2007 to mark the bike's 25th anniversary. It was available for US$1,300.[11]

Present day

Specialized continue to produce the Stumpjumper, which, like mountain bikes in general, has evolved significantly since 1981 and now comes in full (front and rear) suspension and hardtail (front suspension only) options, with the former named the Stumpjumper FSR.[12]

Use by professional riders

Professional mountain bikers who ride Stumpjumpers include Christoph Sauser[13] and Ned Overend.[14] Overend won the 1990 Mountain Bike World Championships – the first ever event of its kind – on a carbon-fiber prototype Stumpjumper.[2]

References

  1. ^ "Reinventing the wheel". The Economist. 324 (7770): 61–62. 1 August 1992.
  2. ^ a b c Ruibal, Sal (22 March 2006). "Still shredding after all these years". USA Today. Retrieved 2 December 2010.
  3. ^ Rosen, Paul (2002). Framing Production: Technology, Culture, and Change in the British Bicycle Industry. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. p. 136. ISBN 0262681706.
  4. ^ a b c d e Rogers, Seb (23 October 2010). "Interview: Specialized founder Mike Sinyard". BikeRadar. Retrieved 2 December 2010.
  5. ^ a b Hewitt, Ben (2005). Bicycling Magazine's Mountain Biking Skills: Skills and Techniques to Master any Terrain. Emmaus, Pennsylvania: Rodale Press. p. v. ISBN 1594862990.
  6. ^ Berto, Frank J. (1999). The Birth of Dirt: Origins of Mountain Biking. San Francisco: Cycling Resources. p. 56. ISBN 1892495104.
  7. ^ a b Wallack, Roy M.; Katovsky, Bill (2005). Bike for Life: How to Ride to 100. New York: Marlowe and Company. p. 153. ISBN 1569244510.
  8. ^ Partland, J.P.; Gibson, John (2003). Mountain Bike Madness. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing. p. 14. ISBN 0760314403.
  9. ^ Overfelt, Maggie (20 May 2008). "King of the mountain bike". CNN Money. Retrieved 2 December 2010.
  10. ^ Eng, Sherri (26 September 1994). "Mountain bike founders still cycling". Calgary Herald. p. C1.
  11. ^ "Stumpjumper Classic". Specialized Bicycle Components. Retrieved 2 December 2010.
  12. ^ Rogers, Seb (7 March 2009). "Specialized Bicycles Stumpjumper Comp HT (09)". BikeRadar. Retrieved 2 December 2010.
  13. ^ "Christoph Sauser Wins in Cederberg, South Africa aboard his Stumpjumper". Specialized Bicycle Components. Retrieved 3 December 2010.
  14. ^ "Stumpjumper FSR Expert". Specialized Bicycle Components. Retrieved 2 December 2010.

Further reading

  • Riedy, Mark (2006). Stumpjumper: 25 Years of Mountain Biking. Halcottsville, New York: Breakaway Books. ISBN 1891369636.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialized_Stumpjumper&oldid=410818025"